Reinier Pauw (politician, 1564)

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Reinier Pauw, portrait by Jan Anthoniszoon van Ravesteyn
Five generations of the Pauw family (from left to right): Johan Pauw (1645–1708), Adriaen Pauw (1516–1578), Reinier Pauw (1564–1636), Reinier Pauw (1591–1676) and Dirk Pauw (1618–1688 )

Reinier Pauw (born July 29, 1564 in Amsterdam ; † February 19, 1636 there ) was a Dutch nobleman, politician and Amsterdam regent . Pauw was a staunch Calvinist and on the side of the Dutch city rulers the most important partisan of the governor Moritz of Orange . After the end of the regime of the Remonstrant statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt , Pauw was one of the most powerful people in the states of Holland .

Life

See also: Regent of Amsterdam

family

Pauw was born as the son of Adriaen Pauw , descending from the well-known Dutch regent family Pauw . Adriaen emigrated to Emden after the Duke of Alba moved in , but returned to Amsterdam in 1578 and was appointed governing mayor together with Dirk Jansz Graeff in the same year . After the sudden death of his father, Reinier Pauw inherited his great fortune and was also able to successfully take over the father's position in Amsterdam's city policy. Reinier Pauw married Cornelia de Lange. From this marriage came three sons: the Dutch pensioner Adriaan Pauw , Reinier Pauw , the President of the High Council of Holland, Zeeland and West Friesland and Michiel Pauw , the founder and sovereign of Pavonia .

Overview

Pauw has been a bustling politician and businessman all his life, equipping ships for expeditions to Guyana and Brazil . In 1602 he was one of the founders of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and was appointed President. Pauw was also able to rise to the rank of the most powerful regent in the Amsterdam government, for example he was elected mayor of the city in 1605, 1609, 1611, 1614, 1616, 1617, 1619 and 1620. Between 1618 and 1622 Pauw was Holland's deputy in the Dutch States General . In 1621 Pauw was sent to the Danish royal court as a negotiator to broker peace with the Dutch republic. In the same year Reinier Pauw was one of three candidates for the office of Dutch council pensioner . Instead of him, however , Anthonis Duyck, who was politically weak within the states of Holland and completely surrendered to the Orange, was elected. Pauw was elevated to (hereditary) knighthood by the English and French kings in 1621 and 1622 .

Trial against Oldenbarnevelt

Politically, Pauw wanted - as a staunch Calvinist - to hold on to the war with Spain . This brought him to the side of the Orange governor Maurice of Orange and against the remonstrantisch minded Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and its peace efforts. Together with François van Aerssen , Reinier Pauw was at the head of the Calvinists and pursued his policy of politically destroying the Dutch state advocate Oldenbarnevelt, which he succeeded in doing together with Moritz von Oranien when they embroiled Oldenbarnevelt in a process with other Calvinist and Orange partisans. In 1619 Pauw was appointed one of the judges in the trial of Oldenbarnevelt, at the end of which the state advocate lost his life. Oldenbarnevelt's comrades-in- arms Hugo Grotius , Rombout Hogerbeets - pensioner of the city of Leiden , were imprisoned at the fortress Loevestein , and the Amsterdam opponents of the Orange and Pauws, Jakob Dircksz de Graeff and Cornelis Hooft , were stripped of their power by the victorious party of the Calvinists. Others - like Albert Burgh - were newly accepted as councilor in the Amsterdam city government by Reinier Pauw .

Last years

In the course of the 1620s the city of Amsterdam was seized by more liberal currents, which brought an abrupt end to Pauw's politics. After its demise, the by-related families De Graeff and Bicker came to the fore. Under the reign of Jakob Dircksz de Graeff and Andries Bicker , remonstrant and free-spirited currents emerged again, against which Pauw even wanted to position himself at the head of the government with military aid. After this attempt failed, no member of the Pauw family was subsequently elected mayor of Amsterdam. Furthermore, Reinier Pauw was threatened by the people who accused him of illegal trade with Spain. Later, the city of Amsterdam became the republican center of the republic and Andries Bicker - a free church member and advocate of the Remonstrant party - subsequently led the city into an open fight against the Orange governors.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jonathan I. Israel: The Dutch Republic - Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall - 1477-1806 . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1995, ISBN 0-19-820734-4 , pp. 451-452.
  2. ↑ Reinier Pauw. on: Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)
  3. ^ Tijdschrift Macht en Elite. Uitgegeven door de Stichting Macht en Elite. Redactie Joost van Steenis en Tom de Booij: DE ELITE VAN DE NIEUWE RIDDERS (17e eeuw) ( Memento of the original from November 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ghanafa.org
  4. ↑ Jonathan I. Israel: The Dutch Republic - Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall - 1477-1806 . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1995, ISBN 0-19-820734-4 .
  5. ↑ Reinier Pauw's biography in the Nieuw Nederlandsch biografisch woordenboek. Deel 9
  6. ↑ Balbian Verster, JFL de (1942) Burgemeesters van Amsterdam in de 17e en 18e eeuw.
  7. ↑ Google book search: Balbian Verster, JFL de (1942) Burgemeesters van Amsterdam in de 17e en 18e eeuw, p. 20.
predecessor Office successor
Cornelis Hooft Regent and Mayor of Amsterdam
1605–1620 		Jakob de Graeff Dircksz
personal data
SURNAME Pauw, Reinier
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch nobleman, politician and Amsterdam regent
DATE OF BIRTH July 29, 1564
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam
DATE OF DEATH February 19, 1636
Place of death Amsterdam