Renealmia

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Renealmia
Renealmia cernua

Renealmia cernua

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Gingery (Zingiberales)
Family : Ginger family (Zingiberaceae)
Subfamily : Alpinioideae
Genre : Renealmia
Scientific name
Renealmia
L. f.

Renealmia is a plant genus in the subfamily Alpinioideae from the family of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) that the monocots plants belongs. Some species are used as ornamental plants.

description

Illustration from Francisco Manuel Blanco: Flora de Filipinas ... Gran edicion ... by Renealmia alpinia

Vegetative characteristics

Renealmia species are large, perennial herbaceous plants . They form rhizomes as persistence organs. Well-developed "pseudo-trunks" are formed from mostly many leaves. The large leaves are divided into petioles and leaf blades.

Generative characteristics

A short to very long, upright to prostrate, leafy inflorescence stem develops directly from the rhizome or, rarely, the inflorescences are terminal on the pseudostem. In a terminal, mostly loose or sometimes branched inflorescence , a partial inflorescence with one or more flowers each over a tubular bract is located above a bract.

The hermaphrodite, zygomorphic flowers are threefold with double perianths . The flower colors range from white to yellow. The three membranous sepals are fused tubular to top-shaped. The three petals are fused together, the corolla tube being about as long as the corolla tube. The crown is equal to twice as long as the labellum. Only the middle stamen of the inner circle is fertile ; it has a short stamen . The dust bag has no appendages. All other stamens are transformed into staminodes . The middle staminodium of the outer circle is missing. The two lateral staminodes of the outer circle are only small and tooth-like. The two lateral staminodes of the inner circle have grown together to form a so-called labellum ; it represents the most conspicuous part of the flower. The upright or spreading labellum is longer than the crown and has three lobes. Three carpels have grown together to form a three- chamber ovary.

The fruits are in a spherical or elongated collective fruit (syncarp). The spherical to ellipsoidal, more or less fleshy capsule fruits open from the base towards the tip. The seeds often have an orange aril .

The chromosome numbers are 2n = 22 or 44.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Renealmia has been published twice. Charles Plumier established the genus Renalmia in Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera , Leiden 1703, page 37 from the plant family of the bromeliad plants (Bromeliaceae). Carl von Linné later changed the spelling to Renealmia in Critica Botanica , Leiden 1737, page 94 . But in 1742 Carl von Linné classified the Renealmia species in Genera Plantarum , p. 136 in the genus Tillandsia . Renealmia L. f. was published in 1781 by his son of the same name Carl von Linné the Younger in Supplementum Plantarum , p. 79, with the type species Renealmia exaltata L. f. , released. In this case the younger name was declared valid (Vienna ICBN Art. 53, Vienna ICBN Art. 14.10 & App. III). Synonyms for Renealmia L. f. are: Alpinia L. non Roxb. , Ethanium Salisb. , Gethyra Salisb. , Peperidium Lindl. , Siphotria Raf. The generic name Renealmia honors the French doctor and botanist Paul Reneaulme (1560-1624).

The genus Renealmia belongs to the tribe Alpinieae in the subfamily of the Alpinioideae within the family of the Zingiberaceae .

Renealmia is the only genus of the Zingiberaceae family that occurs in the Neotropics . Species occur from Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil, and some species are native to the Caribbean islands. About 20 species are found in Africa.

The genus Renealmia contains about 75 (60 to 86) species:

Renealmia thyrsoidea

Endangered species

Four species are on the IUCN List of Endangered Species:

  • Renealmia aurantifera : Status "Least Concern" (not endangered)
  • Renealmia dolichocalyx : Status "Near Threatened" (low risk)
  • Renealmia oligotricha : Status "Vulnerable" (endangered)
  • Renealmia sessilifolia : Status "Near Threatened" (low risk)

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carl von Linné the Younger: Supplementum plantarum Systematis vegetabilium editionis decimae tertiae, Generum plantarum editionis sextae, et Specierum plantarum editionis secunda / editum a Carolo a Linné ... , p. 79 scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
  2. ↑ Jason R. Grant: An annotated catalog of the generic names of the Bromeliaceae , In: Selbyana , Volume 19, Issue 1, 1998, pp. 91-121. on-line.
  3. ^ Renealmia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed June 6, 2020.
  4. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts, 2004: World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Renealmia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 6, 2020.
  5. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
  6. ^ A b Renealmia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
  7. ^ Renealmia at Tropicos.org. In: 83 . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  8. ↑ Renealmia entered in the IUCN search mask.

Web links

Commons : Renealmia  - collection of images, videos and audio files