Richard Schüller

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Habilitation 1899

Richard Schüller (born May 27, 1870 in Brno , Austria-Hungary ; died May 14, 1972 in Georgetown , Washington, DC ) was an Austrian economist , economic politician and diplomat .

Life

Richard Schüller was the son of the textile manufacturer Sigmund Schüller and Erna Kohn. He attended the German grammar school in Brno and studied economics and law at the University of Vienna and received his doctorate in 1892. He wrote articles for the Wiener Allgemeine Zeitung and later for the Neue Revue. In 1897 he became secretary of the Lower Austrian Trade Association and in 1898 an official in the Ministry of Commerce. Schüller completed his habilitation in economics with Carl Menger , he is a member of the Vienna School of Economics . He stood out through numerous economic and economic-political publications, he was a member of the National Economic Society (NOeG) and from 1930 to 1937 he was co-editor of the Zeitschrift für Nationalökonomie . Schüller was appointed private lecturer in 1903 and associate professor in 1906, but as a Jew he was disadvantaged in academic operations and was only made honorary professor in 1930. The best known were his statements about the creation of a European economic area in the book “The economic collapse of Austria-Hungary”.

Schüller made a steep civil service career. In 1917 he was appointed head of the trade policy section in the State Office for Foreign Affairs, in 1918 he took part in the peace negotiations in Brest-Litovsk , after the end of the war he became advisor to the governments of the First Republic, for whom he led all trade policy negotiations. This then with an annually renewed ministerial resolution even after his retirement in 1932 and from 1934 also in the corporate state because, according to Friedrich August von Hayek , there was no one who could replace him. Together with the German diplomat Karl Ritter, he worked out the basis for the German-Austrian customs union negotiated in 1930 , which then did not materialize due to the intervention of France and Great Britain. In 1927 Schüller became a member of the Economic Committee of the League of Nations , from 1932 he had the rank of ao ambassador and authorized minister of the Austrian government to the League of Nations, based in Geneva. After Austria's annexation in 1938, Schüller's employment relationship was terminated by the National Socialists and he was banned from traveling.

The almost seventy-year-old student fled to Italy in July 1938 with the help of his daughter Susanne Piroli and the Italian doctor Giorgio Piroli on foot over the 2900 m high Ferwalljoch near Gurgl in the Ötztal Alps . When racial laws were passed in Italy , he continued to flee to Great Britain and finally to the United States in 1940. Schüller was active in various Austrian exile associations in London and New York, including the Free Austrian Movement (FAM), the “Military Committee for the Liberation of Austria”, the “Austrian National Committee”, the “Austrian Office” and the “ Austrian Institute ". In New York, Schüller worked at the New School for Social Research until 1952 . The Provisional State Government Renner tried in 1945 to name Schüller as their diplomatic representative in the USA, but the US government rejected Schüller because of his work in the FAM.

Schüller was married to Erna Rosenthal and they had three daughters. Ilse Mintz (1902–1978) became an economist at the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) and taught at Columbia University after emigrating . Susanne Piroli (1907–1995) became a historian and worked on the Borgia and Hilde Kurz (1910–1981) became an art historian and published among others with her husband, the art historian Otto Kurz .

Schüller's namesake Richard Schüller (1910–1951) was a KPÖ functionary in Austria before 1934 and after 1945 . As of 2019, the collection of publications in the German National Library has not been adjusted.

Awards, honors (selection)

Fonts (selection)

English translation 1928
The economic collapse of Austria-Hungary (1930)
  • Classical economics and its opponents. On the history of political economy and social politics since A. Smith . Berlin: Carl Heymanns, 1895
  • The economic policy of the historical school . Berlin: Carl Heymanns, 1899 (habilitation thesis)
  • Protective tariffs and free trade. The requirements and limits of their eligibility . Vienna: Tempsky, 1905
  • with Gusztáv Gratz : The external economic policy of Austria-Hungary. Central European plans . Vienna, 1925
  • with Gusztáv Gratz : The Economic Collapse of Austria-Hungary: The Tragedy of Exhaustion . Vienna: Hölder, 1930
  • Jürgen Nautz (Ed.): Negotiators of trust. From the posthumous writings of Section Head Dr. Richard Schüller . Vienna: Publishing House for History and Politics, 1990

literature

  • Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (Hrsg.): Biographical manual of the German-speaking emigration after 1933. Volume 1: Politics, economy, public life . Munich: Saur, 1980, p. 671
  • Albert Heinz Zlabinger: Schüller, Richard . In: Harald Hagemann , Claus-Dieter Krohn (Hrsg.): Biographical handbook of German-speaking economic emigration after 1933 . Munich: KG Saur, 1999, ISBN 3-487-05752-2 , pp. 634–636
  • Johannes Feichtinger : Science between cultures. Austrian university professors in emigration 1933–1945 . Frankfurt: Campus, 2001 ISBN 3-593-36584-7 Graz, Diss., 1999, pp. 222-225

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hayek cited in Feichtinger, 2001, p. 222
  2. ↑ Rejection on the part of the USA in the Biographical Handbook of German-Speaking Emigration after 1933 (1980), whereas, according to Johannes Feichtinger (1999), Schüller himself rejected it.
  3. ^ Claudia Dziobek: Mintz, Ilse . In: Harald Hagemann , Claus-Dieter Krohn (Hrsg.): Biographical handbook of German-speaking economic emigration after 1933 . KG Saur, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-487-05752-2 , pp. 449f. and Schüller-Mintz, Ilse , at DNB
  4. ↑ Schüller-Piroli, Susanne , at DNB
  5. ↑ Kurz, Hilde , at DNB
  6. ↑ Schüller, Richard, 1901 , in: Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933. Volume 1: Politics, economics, public life . Munich: Saur, 1980, p. 671 and Richard Schüller (1901-1957) , short biography at KPÖ (2007)
personal data
SURNAME Schüller, Richard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian economist and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH May 27, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1972
Place of death Georgetown (Washington, DC)