Rosswangen

Rosswangen City of Balingen
Coordinates: 48 ° 14 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 49 ′ 53 ″  E
Height :	614 m
Residents :	738  (Dec. 31, 2010)
Incorporation :	July 1, 1971
Incorporated into:	Weilstetten
Postal code :	72336
Area code :	07433
Roßwangen, in the background the Lochenhörnle

Roßwangen from Sheep Mountain seen from

Roßwangen is a district of Balingen in the Zollernalb district in Baden-Württemberg .

history

Origin and development of the place

Row grave cemeteries in Dürrwangen and Heselwangen allow the assumption that the village of Roßwangen (as a neighboring town of Wangen) was also founded in the seventh century. In the place name Roßwangen, Wang (Middle High German) is the basic word. It indicates the hilly terrain and, together with the first part of the word horse, is an indication that horses grazed there.

The place, formerly called Rossiwanc , was first mentioned in 1094 when the noble Alker donated his local property to the St. Georgen monastery. Initially, Roßwangen was just a small settlement with a few farms. Around 1200, however, the village must have developed into a sizable village, as there is evidence that it already had a pastor in 1275.

The population rose to 268 by 1785. In the years 1820 and 1900 there were 472 and 397 inhabitants respectively.

Suzerainty

Roßwangen originally belonged to the Scherragrafschaft. The counts of the Scherraherrschaft belonged to different noble families. From around 1170 onwards, the Counts of Hohenberg were in hereditary possession of the count's rights in Scherra. Around 1200 the Zollern also seem to have had sovereign rights and claims.

After the death of the last Count of Hohenberg in 1389, the county and with it Roßwangen became completely Austrian property. As part of Upper Austria, it was under the highest government in Innsbruck until 1752 and was then subordinated to the Upper Austrian government.

In 1805 Roßwangen came to Württemberg together with the manor and was assigned to the Oberamt Spaichingen from 1808. In 1843 the place was awarded to the Oberamt Rottweil. Although the local council was heard before this measure, the proposal to incorporate it into the Balingen Oberamt was only carried out in 1938, when the place was assigned to the Balingen district.

On July 1, 1971, the incorporation to Weilstetten, Today is Roßwangen, through the incorporation of Weilstetten on January 1, 1975 Balingen's only Catholic district.

Manorial rule

Around 1220 the knights Walger and Baldebert von Bisingen built the castle Roßwangen on the Burgbühl . Their successors, the lords of Tierberg , later the lords of Ramsperg and around 1370 the lords of Bubenhofen , gradually acquired the entire local rule - in connection with their manor Burg Dotternhausen .

In 1516 Wolf von Bubenhofen had to cede his property to Hans von Weitingen due to his indebtedness. The lien was then transferred to Sebastian von Validingen and in 1527 to Hans von Stotzingen . Other local lords were Stotzingen believers (from 1652), Emperor Leopold I (1666) and then the Jesuit order of Rottenburg.

With the express reservation of state sovereignty and criminal jurisdiction, Roßwangen and Dotternhausen came to the brothers Count von Bissingen-Nippenburg in 1789. In 1814, the two lords of Roßwangen and Dotternhausen came to the bookseller and Prussian secret councilor Friedrich Cotta in Stuttgart, who was later elevated to baron by the King of Bavaria.

economy

Agriculture

In the past, all the villagers, not excluding the pastor, worked in agriculture. The main emphasis was on agriculture. It worked on the principle of the three-field economy . For this purpose, the fields of the marking were divided into three equal areas, the so-called Zelgen. Tree gardens, which document the fruit growing in Roßwangen, are first mentioned in 1580. It was not until the beginning of the 19th century that fruit growing received due attention when the community's first fruit tree nursery was established in 1823. The fruit was dried in the oven in almost every house. Animal husbandry also played an important role.

Craft

Bakers, blacksmiths, shoemakers and perhaps also Wagner and carpenter will have been here as early as the end of the Middle Ages. In the church registers, however, the job titles do not appear until around 1700. Before that, Roßwangen had so few inhabitants that one could do without the job title to identify the individual. Since not all of a farmer's sons could stay on their father's farm, more and more people started learning a trade. These then settled near the parents' farm and later in Zinken. Of course, agriculture was still an important source of income for them.

Grocer

A local grocer was first mentioned in 1820. He offered people all the everyday necessities that they could not produce themselves. In 1961, the loan office built its cooperative building on the western edge of the town. A self-service shop was set up in it. Today a small bakery is located there.

Industry

The first settlement of industry in the place took place in 1923/24 with the establishment of a branch of the Balinger shirt factory August Haasis. Around 25 women who used to work from home found jobs. In 1953 the branch was closed. In 1958 the Tailfinger Trikotwarenfabrik Konrad Kern opened a sewing branch, which was closed in the 1990s. In 1967, the blind company Hans-Joachim Paulick , which came from Laufen an der Eyach , set up shop in Upper Brühl. For this purpose she had acquired the workshop of master carpenter Benninghoff.

Roßwangen today

The bypass inaugurated in 2000 has given Roßwangen an even higher living standard. The place has around 700 inhabitants.

natural reserve

Most of the district is protected as a landscape protection area, parts of the landscape of the Roßwangen marking . Two linden trees on the Heiligenberg are also designated as natural monuments.

Buildings

See also: List of cultural monuments in Roßwangen

• Catholic Church of St. Johannes Baptist, built in 1948 using parts of the previous church from 1668

Sons and daughters

• Andreas Butz (* in Roßwangen; † February 25, 1657 in Passau ), organ builder

Individual evidence

1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 524 .
2. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 540 .

literature

• Schwaibold, W. (1987): Roßwangen - Contributions to History, in: Stadtverwaltung Balingen (Hrsg.), Publications of the City Archives Balingen, Volume 1, Balingen.

Web links

Wikisource: Roßwangen  - in the description of the Oberamt Rottweil from 1875

• District information on the website of the city ​​of Balingen