Balance
| Saldus ( German : Frauenburg) | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Latvia
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| Landscape: | Courland ( Latvian : Kurzeme ) | ||
| Administrative district : | Saldus novads | ||
| Coordinates : | 56 ° 40 ′ N , 22 ° 30 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 11,479 (Jan 1, 2016) | ||
| Area : | 10.1 km² | ||
| Population density : | 1,137 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Height : | 128 m | ||
| City law: | since 1917 | ||
| Website: | www.saldus.lv | ||
| Post Code: | LV-3801 | ||
| ISO code: | |||
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Saldus (German: Frauenburg ) is a city in western Latvia , in the historical area of Courland . In 2016 it had 11,479 inhabitants.
history
The city on the river Ciecere was first mentioned as Saldene in the spa treaty of 1253. At that time, the entire Saldene area was subject to the rule of the Livonian order as the "land between Schrunden and Semgallen " . The German place name comes from the year 1341, when the Livonian order built its fortress here. The existence of the place around the fortress is confirmed by the discovery of a Christian cemetery not far from the fortress castle.
In 1625 Duke Friedrich resided in the castle and from 1664 to 1682 Duke Jakob von Kurland and Semgallen. During the Great Northern War , the castle became the seat of the Swedish King Charles XII in 1701 . The castle had already been damaged by Swedish attacks in 1659. After the Northern War it was completely destroyed.
Both as a result of the war and the plague , the inhabitants of Saldus died out and the village only existed as a church community and as an estate for about 100 years. In 1856 the reconstruction of the place began. City law Saldus received in 1917 under German occupation during the First World War .
During the Second World War , heavy fighting between units of the Wehrmacht , supported by a division of Latvian legionaries , and the Red Army took place in Courland, with a focus south of Saldus, from October 1944 to May 1945 . There were seven battles in the so-called Kurland pocket . The front lines could essentially be held until the surrender of the entire Wehrmacht on May 9, 1945.
In 1950 Saldus became the district town and center of the municipality of Saldus. In 1984 the art school was opened.
Twin cities
Saldus has partnerships with:
-
Paide , Estonia -
Mažeikiai , Lithuania -
Šilutė , Lithuania
-
Nevarėnai , Lithuania
-
Liederbach am Taunus , Germany -
Lidingö , Sweden -
Stargard , Poland -
Sergiev Posad , Russia -
Villebon-sur-Yvette , France -
St. Andrä an der Traisen , Austria -
Volda , Norway
German military cemetery
On September 4, 1999, after three years of reburial work , the Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge inaugurated the largest German war cemetery in the Baltic states south of Saldus (German Frauenburg) in Latvia . It is surmounted by a 7.5 meter high Christian metal cross. Designed for the burial of 30,000 dead, more than 22,000 fallen were buried here by 2009. The bones of 2,000 dead came from a partially destroyed cemetery in Frauenburg itself. Saldus is the “central collective cemetery for the German soldiers and soldiers from other countries who fought on the German side who were killed in the western parts of Latvia or who were taken prisoners of war”.
According to the explanatory panels in the cemetery, the losses of Germans and Latvians in the battles of Courland amounted to 50,000 men, those of the Red Army 400,000 men. During the Soviet era, many soldiers' graves in Latvia had been destroyed or made unrecognizable.
sons and daughters of the town
- Johann von Besser (1654–1729), poet
- Janis Rozentāls (1866–1916), painter
- Ursula Donath (* 1931), German athlete and Olympic participant
- Ieva Lagūna (* 1990), model
Saldus district
In 2009 the city merged with 15 communities in the former district. The area is 1683.3 km².
In the 2011 census, 25,604 inhabitants were counted in the district. Population of individual municipalities:
- Saldus City 11396
- Ezere parish 1154
- Jaunauce parish 359
- Jaunlutriņi parish 846
- Kursīši Municipality 861
- Lutriņi parish 1216
- Nīgrande parish 1442
- Novadnieki parish 1660
- Pampāļi parish 717
- Ruba Parish 782
- Saldus parish 1482
- Šķēde Municipality 632
- Vadakste parish 467
- Zaņa parish 710
- Zirņi parish 1556
- Zvārde parish 324
literature
- Hans Feldmann , Heinz von zur Mühlen (Hrsg.): Baltic historical local dictionary, part 2: Latvia (southern Livland and Courland). Böhlau, Cologne 1990, ISBN 3-412-06889-6 , pp. 169–170.
- Astrīda Iltnere (ed.): Latvijas Pagasti, Enciklopēdija. Preses Nams, Riga 2002, ISBN 9984-00-436-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ «Latvijas iedzīvotāju skaits pašvaldībās pagastu dalījumā"
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Explanation boards in the cemetery
- ↑ In the Wikipedia article Ursula Donath , Frauenburg in East Prussia is given as the place of birth, but after that - without citing the source - there is talk of a move from Latvia to Posen / Poznań in 1941.
- ↑ Confirmation of the coat of arms and the flag
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 2011 census
