Temnitz (tarpaulin)
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Temnitz Hellbach and Sandfurthgraben |
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_01.jpg) Temnitz east of the bridge of the federal highway 102 between Golzow (Müggenburg) and Ragösen |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | EN : 5868 | |
| location | Potsdam-Mittelmark district , Brandenburg an der Havel , Brandenburg , Germany | |
| River system | Elbe | |
| Drain over | Plane → Havel → Elbe → North Sea | |
| source | as Hellbach west of the village of Schwanebeck on the Briesen mountains 52 ° 10 ′ 47 ″ N , 12 ° 37 ′ 4 ″ E |
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| muzzle | in Brandenburg an der Havel in the plane coordinates: 52 ° 23 '14 " N , 12 ° 30' 32" E 52 ° 23 '14 " N , 12 ° 30' 32" E
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| length | 25.1 km | |
| Discharge at the Brandenburg-Wilhelmsdorf A Eo gauge : 153 km² Location: 1.9 km above the mouth |
NNQ (06.06.1990) MNQ 1971–1999 MQ 1971–1999 Mq 1971–1999 MHQ 1971–1999 HHQ (02.01.1987) |
72 l / s 423 l / s 1.56 m³ / s 10.2 l / (s km²) 4.6 m³ / s 8.38 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Dippmannsdorfer Bach , Bullenberger Bach , Kleine Temnitz | |
| Medium-sized cities | Brandenburg on the Havel | |
| Small towns | Bad Belzig | |
The Temnitz or in the headwaters and upper reaches also Hellbach and in the lower reaches Sandfurthgraben is a river that drains the Hohen Fläming northwards to the Plane and over this to the Havel . It is the largest tributary of the Plane and has a catchment area of more than 150 square kilometers. Temnitz and Plane are among the four important natural rivers on the north side of the Hohen Fläming, to which the Buckau and the Verlorenwasser also belong.
First mentions and names
The Temnitz was first mentioned in a document in 1525. In the deed of June 27, 1525, the Elector of Brandenburg decided a legal dispute between the von Rochow zu Golzow and the city of Brandenburg over the use of the lowland in favor of the city. Adolph Friedrich Riedel signed the document in Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis with knowledge of electoral councils in matters of the bishop, cathedral chapter and both cities of Brandenburg against those of Rochow zu Golzow because of the free Havel break and the customs to Golzow . It says:
"In matters between the Sindico des Bischoffs, Capittels and both towns Brandenburgk, Klegern, eyns, Dieterichen and all the others from Rochow to Goltzow, answer partly different, eynen use frey holtzhawen, ym freyen Havelbruch, also between Plane and Temnitz, undt freye open Fharwege to such use [...], Recognizing Our Most Gracious Lord, the Elector of Brandenburgk, [...]. "
The Brandenburg name book leads the name Temnitz to the old Polish basic form Tymenica to tyme , Gen. tymene = 'swamp', 'morass' back. So it refers to the location of the water in the swampy Baruther glacial valley . The Hellbach upper course is first documented in 1736 as "Hell-Bache". The name contains the word part of hell or light, which means narrow and small rooms, in field names, terrain cuts. The underlying Old Norse name Hel denoted both the underworld (Hel, Helle, Hell) and its ruler, the goddess of the dead Hel , in Germanic mythology . Sandfurthgraben is derived from a sandy ford. It was first recorded on a map in 1771 as "Sandfurth Graben". The Prussian premiere recorded it in 1841 as "Sandfohrts Graben".
course
In its upper reaches the river is called Hellbach. This rises in Hohen Fläming not far from the village of Schwanebeck . In its entire course the Temnitz is developed like a trench in order to guarantee the drainage and regulation of the water levels of the moor areas in the Baruther glacial valley and the flat plains. It flows north. After about 6.6 kilometers the Hellbach joins a ditch already known as Temnitz, which carries water from the tarpaulin. The waters of the Dippmannsdorfer Bach and the Ragöser Mühlgraben, which arise in the headwaters of Dippmannsdorfer Paradies , a natural monument on the Fläminghang, flow over the Neue Graben .
After the inclusion of the Bullenberger Bach , a 9.5 kilometer long tributary, the Temnitz west of Golzow is again fed water into the tarpaulin via a ditch called an open ditch. East of Reckahn , the Kleine Temnitz flows first and a short time later the Buschgraben Krahne, again a side ditch of the tarpaulin. At the confluence of the Buschgraben, the Temnitz passes under the Federal Motorway 2 and reaches the urban area of Brandenburg an der Havel. From here the flowing water is called Sandfurthgraben. This passes the Eigen Scholle settlement to the west, crosses under the railway connection from Berlin to Magdeburg and, after a short walk, flows into the artificially created mouth of the tarpaulin. The biological water quality of the Temnitz is given as quality class II over its entire length. The river is considered to be moderately polluted. Several weirs or barrages are installed.
Protected areas
In the course of the Temnitz flows through several partially overlapping protected areas. Up north of Ragösen it is for example in High Fläming Nature Park and conservation area High Fläming - Belziger Landschaftswiesen . In addition, it flows through several areas designated as protected biotope from the source to the mouth . The Hellbach flows through the nature reserve Belziger Landschaftswiesen over a short distance . From the east of Ragösens the Temnitz lies over a long distance in the FFH area Plane Supplement. To the west of the village of Golzow, the Temnitz forms the border of the protected landscape component of the Golzower Bruch.
Shortly before entering the urban area of Brandenburg, it runs through the Krahner Bruch nature reserve for a short distance. In the urban area, the Sandfurthgraben is located up to its confluence with the tarpaulin in the landscape protection area of the Brandenburg forest and lake area. The mouth is located in three protected areas, in the Stadthavel nature reserve, in the FFH area Mittlere Havel Zusatz and in the SPA area Mittlere Havelniederung.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ River directory gewnet25 (Version 4.0, April 24, 2014) from the Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Agriculture of the State of Brandenburg, accessed on May 4, 2015.
- ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Elbe Region, Part II 1999 Brandenburg State Environment Agency, p. 149, accessed on November 3, 2018, at: lugv.brandenburg.de (PDF, German).
- ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, first main part, Volume X, Berlin 1856, p. 170
- ↑ K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski (Ed.): The names of the waters of Brandenburg. (= Brandenburg name book, part 10; Berlin contributions to name research, volume 11). Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert , edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 , pp. 114, 241, 285.
- ↑ Sebastian children and Haik Thomas Porada (ed.): Brandenburg an der Havel and surroundings. 2006, pp. 308 and 309.
- ↑ Sebastian children and Haik Thomas Porada (ed.): Brandenburg an der Havel and surroundings. 2006, p. 309.
- ^ Partial sheet Northwest Surface Waters. In: Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark landscape framework plan. Office for Environmental and Landscape Planning, archived from the original on August 7, 2011 ; Retrieved October 16, 2013 .
- ↑ Part sheet Northwest Protected Areas. In: Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark landscape framework plan. Office for Environmental and Landscape Planning, archived from the original on August 7, 2011 ; Retrieved October 16, 2013 .
- ^ Partial sheet Southwest Protected Areas. In: Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark landscape framework plan. Office for Environmental and Landscape Planning, archived from the original on August 7, 2011 ; Retrieved June 7, 2014 .
- ^ Brandenburg an der Havel nature reserves in the city area . Accessed June 7, 2014.
- ^ Brandenburg an der Havel landscape protection areas in the area of the city . Accessed June 7, 2014.
- ↑ Brandenburg an der Havel Flora Fauna Habitat (FFH) areas . Accessed June 7, 2014.
- ^ Brandenburg an der Havel bird sanctuary (SPA) . Accessed June 7, 2014.