Santa Maria in Traspontina

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Basic data
Patronage : St. Mary
Consecration day :
Cardinal priest : Marc Ouellet PSS
Address:
Via della Conciliazione, 14

00186 Roma

The facade by Mascherino and Peruzzi d. J.

Santa Maria in Traspontina ( Latin : Sanctae Mariae in Transpontina ) is a church in Rome . It was essentially built at its current location in the 16th century, but was not completed until 1668. It is also the title church of the Roman Catholic Church .

location

The church is located in the XIV. Rione Borgo on Via della Conciliazione , about 350 meters west of Castel Sant'Angelo .

History and building history

View into the nave to the high altar

A Dating back to the 12th century, closer to the Castel Sant'Angelo Church, then at the Ponte Sant'Angelo on the left side of the Tiber was, was laid down in the course of extensions of the fortifications of Castel Sant'Angelo 1564th It takes its name traspontina from this old location .

As a replacement for this, Pope Pius V donated a new building to the Order of the Carmelites at a different location, where it is today. Construction work began in 1566 under the direction of Baldassare Peruzzi's son , Giovanni Sallustio Peruzzi . He built a large part of the nave and most of the chapels as well as the lower storey of the facade. The facade was not completed until 1587 under the direction of Ottaviano Mascherino , he had been in charge of the construction work since 1581. The church was also consecrated in 1587, although large parts of it were not yet completed. The tower, the transept, the choir and the sacristy were built under Francesco Peparelli until 1637. The dome, the youngest component, was not erected until 1668 by Francesco Peparelli. It has no dome drum because the artillery on the Castel Sant'Angelo would have been impaired by the height of such a dome with a drum in its field of fire.

On October 21, 2019, several fertility statues exhibited in the church were stolen by traditionalist Catholics and thrown into the Tiber, which was criticized by Paolo Ruffini , the head of the Vatican communications department, as theft and violation of the spirit of dialogue. The statues of the South American earth goddess Pachamama were recovered unscathed from the river, as Pope Francis announced. As Bishop of Rome , the Pope asked for forgiveness, the National Police took the statues into safekeeping. In fact, the Austrian demo-for-all activist Alexander Tschugguel later confessed .

Exterior

The facade is five-axis and two-story. The axes are structured by pilasters with Corinthian capitals, the two outer axes are set back from the inner ones, only the corner pilasters raise the facade on the sides to the level of the inner axes. The surfaces of the outer axes are provided with round niches under an openwork segmented gable. The middle axis contains the entrance designed as an aedicule portal , two three-quarter columns with capitals of Ionic order flank this. The openwork triangular gable of the portal is covered by a round niche with a statue of the church patroness. The two adjacent axes with the side entrances, each designed with uninterrupted segment gables, do not reflect the conditions inside, as the church has no aisles. The upper floor takes up the program of the lower floor above the cranked cornice. The lateral axes are omitted except for the volutes mediating laterally between the floors . The central axis contains a round arched window under a segmented gable, while the areas next to it are designed with high rectangular niches under triangular gables. The facade is crowned by a simple triangular gable.

For a long time, the “noble” facade was not as visible as it is today, because it was in the middle of the tangle of the old buildings of the Borgo. It only gained its prominent visibility today through the construction of Via della Conciliazione in its current form, which was carried out under Benito Mussolini and a large part of the houses in the district were demolished .

Interior and outfit

Saint Barbara by Cavalier d'Arpino

The building is designed in the shape of a Latin cross . The nave was built as a single-nave hall, which is accompanied on both sides by five round-arched, interconnected side chapels. Pilasters with Corinthian capitals are in front of the nave walls and the pillars of the crossing. The church is a characteristic example of a Roman religious building from the Renaissance.

The building contains frescoes of saints of the Carmelite Order, they were created by Domenico Cerrini in 1637, who was a student of Guido Reni .

The splendid high altar is designed as a canopy altar , the designs come from Carlo Fontana . It contains an image of Mary from the 13th century that is considered to be miraculous. Next to it is a stump of a column, according to legend this is said to be the remnant of the column on which St. Peter suffered his martyrdom.

The Chapel of the Cross contains a cross on the altar from the previous building in the 12th century.

In the chapel of St. Albert , the frescoes depicting scenes from the life of the eponymous St. Albert were created by Antonio Circignani called Pomarancio in the second half of the 16th century.

The chapel of St. Barbara contains a painting of the saint, it was donated by the artillery troops of Castel Sant'Angelo as "compensation" for the ban on the construction of the dome drum. The motif was chosen because the saint is the patron saint of artillerymen, and the picture was created by Cavalier d'Arpino .

Trivia

Juan Gómez-Jurado's thriller The Spy of God takes place partly in the church. Two of the killer's victims are tortured and killed there in an underground room. The body of one of the figures, a cardinal, is found in the chapel of St. Thomas .

opening hours

The church is open in the morning from 6:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. and in the afternoon until the evening from 4:00 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.

See also

Web links

Commons : Santa Maria in Traspontina  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rosendorfer: Church leader Rome. 3rd, updated edition. 2005, p. 185.
  2. ↑ Missio published "Pachamama Prayer" before the Amazon Synod , kathisch.de , October 30, 2019
  3. ↑ a b Chad Pecknold: Pope Francis apologizes did Amazon synod 'Pachamama' was thrown into Tiber River. Catholic News Agency, October 25, 2019
  4. ↑ Amazon Synod: REPAM sentenced statues robbery. Vatican News of October 22, 2019
  5. ↑ Cardinal Schönborn defends Pope Francis against criticism. kath.net from October 22, 2019
  6. ↑ Pope literally calls the controversial figures "statues of the Pachamama"! kath.net from October 26, 2019
  7. ↑ Austrian life protector threw "Pachamama" figures into the Tiber. Catholic.de of November 4, 2019
  8. ↑ Activist Tschugguel: "I'm ready for anything". The daily mail of November 7, 2019
  9. ^ Rosendorfer: Church leader Rome. 3rd, updated edition. 2005, p. 184.
  10. ^ Henze: Rome and Latium. 4th, revised edition. 1981, p. 241.
  11. ^ Rosendorfer: Church leader Rome. 3rd, updated edition. 2005, p. 186.
  12. ↑ Juan Gómez-Jurado: The God Spy. Thriller (= Rororo. Taschenbücher. 24358). German first edition. German by Luis Ruby. Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-499-24358-X .
  13. ^ Rosendorfer: Church leader Rome. 3rd, updated edition. 2005, p. 186.

Coordinates: 41 ° 54 ′ 10.2 ″  N , 12 ° 27 ′ 44 ″  E