Savoy hawkweed

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Savoy hawkweed
Savoy hawkweed (Hieracium sabaudum)

Savoy hawkweed ( Hieracium sabaudum )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Cichorioideae
Tribe : Cichorieae
Genre : Hawkweed ( Hieracium )
Type : Savoy hawkweed
Scientific name
Hieracium sabaudum
L.

Savoy hawkweed ( Hieracium sabaudum ) is a species of hawkweed ( Hieracium ) in the sunflower family (Asteraceae).

description

The Savoy hawkweed grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant and reaches heights of between 50 and 150 cm. Basal leaves are missing. There are between 10 and 75 stem leaves. The simple leaf blades are oval to elliptical or elongated lanceolate, not curled up and serrated to clearly toothed on the edge and have an occasionally twisted tip. The base of the middle and upper leaves is narrowed or sessile with a rounded or slightly heart-shaped base.

Cup-shaped inflorescences, with the ray-flowers the five corolla lobes and the two-branched style can be recognized.

The loosely panicley , rarely doldig-panicle overall inflorescence has between 5 and 40 side branches and contains 20 to 50 (maximum up to 100) cup-shaped inflorescences. The broad and blunt bracts are arranged in several rows like roof tiles and are adjacent to the skin and are variably hairless to moderately hairy, micro- or long-glandular and flaky to moderately flaky. They are black-green to black in color. The pit edges of the inflorescence base are clearly fringed like hairs. The achenes are dark brown to black. There are only hermaphroditic, fertile , zygomorphic ray florets in each flower head . The five yellow petals have grown together to form a tube that is shaped into a tongue at the top, which ends in five corolla lobes.

The flowering period extends from August to October.

The species chromosome number is 2n = 18, 27 or 36.

Auto ecology

The Savoy hawkweed is a hemicryptophyte .

The Savoy hawkweed prefers dry, lime-poor, humus-rich loam soil in a warm climate. It inhabits light forests, less often rock rubble heaps. In Central Europe it is a character species of the order Quercetalia roboris-petraeae.

Savoy hawkweed ( Hieracium sabaudum ), herbarium evidence

Occurrence

The distribution of the Savoy hawkweed extends from northern Portugal and northern Spain via France and Great Britain (including parts of Ireland ) through all of Central Europe to western Russia . In Norway and Sweden there are only a few synanthropic occurrences. The southern border stretches across Corsica , Central Italy , Albania , Macedonia , North Greece along the Black Sea coast to Crimea . There are also smaller occurrences in Sardinia , in southern Italy, on the Peloponnese , in southern Turkey and in the Caucasus . This species is naturalized in eastern North America and New Zealand .

It is missing in the western lowlands of Central Europe and in the rougher climates of the low mountain ranges and the Alpine foothills in areas; above altitudes of around 1200 meters it is almost always missing; otherwise its occurrences are scattered. In the Allgäu Alps, in the Kleiner Walsertal between Riezlern and Schmidbach , it rises up to 1170 m above sea level.

Systematics

The first publication of Hieracium sabaudum was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , Volume 2, p 804 Synonyms for Hieracium sabaudum L. are: Hieracium autumnale Griseb. , Hieracium bladonii Pugsley , Hieracium melanocalathium Borbás , Hieracium platyphyllum (Arv.-Touv.) Arv.-Touv. , Hieracium silvestre exchange , Hieracium valdefoliosum Sudre , Hieracium boreale subsp. fuscidulum Fr. , Hieracium platyphyllum subsp. valdefoliosum (Sudre) tooth , Hieracium sabaudum subsp. autumnale (Griseb.) Zahn , Hieracium boreale var. platyphyllum Arv.-Touv.

There are several subspecies of Hieracium sabaudum (here is a selection of the subspecies found in Europe and the Mediterranean):

  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. sabaudum : It occurs in Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, Poland, Serbia, Romania, Greece and Turkey.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. barcinonense (Sennen) Greuter : It occurs in Spain.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. boreale (Fr.) Hayek : It occurs in France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, Poland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Sweden and Russia.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. concinniform tooth : it occurs in France.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. concinnum (Jord.) Zahn : It occurs in Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. cumuliflorum (tooth) Gottschl. : It occurs in Italy.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. curvidens (Jord.) Zahn : It occurs in Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Hungary.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. dumosum (Jord.) Zahn : It occurs in Portugal, Spain, France, Corsica, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Hungary, Romania and Turkey.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. eminens (Sudre) Zahn : It comes in Spain, France, Corsica, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Romania and in Ukraine before.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. fruticetorum (Boreau) tooth : It occurs in Spain, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Hungary and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. gigantodon tooth : It occurs in France, Germany, Switzerland, Poland and Hungary.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. grandidentatum (Boreau) tooth : It occurs in Spain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Hungary and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. gutierrezii (Gutiérrez) Greuter : It occurs in Spain.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. macrodon (Sudre) Greuter : It occurs in France, Great Britain, Germany, Switzerland and Austria.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. nemorivagum (Boreau) tooth : It occurs in France, Corsica, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Macedonia and Slovakia.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. obliquum (Jord.) tooth : It occurs in Portugal, Spain, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia, Serbia, Greece, Slovakia, Romania and in the Ukraine before.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. occitanicum (Jord.) Zahn : It occurs in Spain, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Croatia and Bulgaria.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. propinquum (Sudre) Greuter : It occurs in France, Great Britain, Denmark, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. pseudograndidentatum tooth : It occurs in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria and Hungary.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. quercetorum (Boreau) tooth : It occurs in Spain, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Turkey, in the Caucasus region and in Transcaucasia.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. rigens (Jord.) Zahn : It occurs in Spain, Andorra, France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Hungary and Turkey.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. rigidicaule (Sudre) tooth : It occurs in Spain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania and Turkey.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. roffavieri (Sudre) Zahn : It occurs in France, Switzerland and Italy.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. Sabaudiform tooth : It occurs in France, Switzerland, Italy and in Bosnia-Herzegovina.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. salicetorum (Sudre) Zahn : It is originally found in Spain, France, Corsica, Great Britain, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and perhaps Norway.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. salticola (Sudre) Zahn : It occurs in Great Britain, France, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Switzerland.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. scabiosum (Sudre) Zahn : It occurs in Spain, France, Corsica, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Italy, Ukraine and Georgia.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. sedunense tooth : It occurs in Spain, France, Great Britain, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. seguieri Zahn : It occurs in France, Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. sublactucaceum tooth : It occurs in France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Romania and Turkey.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. vagum (Jord.) Tooth : It comes in Portugal, Spain, France, Great Britain, Corsica, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Italy , Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Turkey, the Caucasus and Transcaucasia.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. virescens (special) tooth : It occurs in Portugal, France, Corsica, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Italy, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Romania.
  • Hieracium sabaudum subsp. virgultorum (Jord.) Zahn : It occurs in Spain, France, Great Britain, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Italy, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Russia, Moldova, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, the Caucasus and Transcaucasia.

swell

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . Ulmer Verlag, Volume 6
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd edition, volume 4
  • Savoy hawkweed. In: FloraWeb.de.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Rothmaler, Jäger et al .: Rothmaler; Excursion flora of Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Edition 20, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011. ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 1013. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 720.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai data sheet from Werner Greuter: Compositae (pro parte majore). , 2006–2009, In: Werner Greuter , & E. von Raab-Straube (editor): Compositae. - Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .

Web links

Commons : Savoy hawkweed ( Hieracium sabaudum )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files