Schefflera arboricola
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Schefflera arboricola |
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| ( Hayata ) Merr. |
Schefflera arboricola , even small Strahlenaralie called, is a flowering plant in the genus of Strahlenaralien ( Schefflera ) within the family of the Araliaceae (Araliaceae). This species is often confused with the somewhat larger large-leaved Schefflera ( Schefflera actinophylla ).
description
Appearance and leaf
Schefflera arboricola grows as an evergreen shrub , usually upright on its own, sometimes climbing or as an epiphyte and can reach heights of up to 4 meters.
The alternately arranged leaves have a usually 10 to 20 (6 to 30) centimeter long, slender petiole. The composite leaf blade is palmate, usually seven to nine parts (five to ten parts). The (0.6) 1 to 4 centimeters long stalked, somewhat leathery, bald leaflets are usually 6 to 10 (up to 12) centimeters long and usually 1.5 to 3.5 (1 to 4.5 ) Centimeter obovate-oblong to oblong or elliptical with a smooth edge. The more or less wide wedge-shaped leaflets at the base are usually blunt or pointed at the top, rarely tapering abruptly. The leaflets have both sides of the midrib four to six lateral veins, and veins third order are clearly visible. The stipules are fused with the petiole.
Inflorescence and flower
Many flowers stand in terminal, sparsely woolly with star hairs ( trichomes ), balding, paniculate total inflorescences , which are composed of doldy partial inflorescences . The total of about 20 centimeters long inflorescence has a 3 to 8 centimeter long primary inflorescence stem and some up to 10 centimeters long secondary inflorescence stems. The doldy partial inflorescences have a diameter of 0.7 to 1 centimeter and contain five to ten flowers. The flower stalks are 1.5 to 3 millimeters long.
The flowering period extends from July to October. The inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold and radially symmetrical with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are almost completely fused. The five petals are about 2.5 mm long. There are five stamens . Five or six carpels have become an under constant ovary grown. No stylus is recognizable, so the scar is sitting.
Fruit and seeds
The fruit stalks are 3 to 6 millimeters long. The ovoid to almost spherical stone fruits with a diameter of about 5 millimeters are pentagonal or hexagonal when dry and contain five seeds. The drupes ripen from August to December and are initially dotted with glands and turn orange to red-violet. The seeds are laterally flattened. The seeds spread through birds through ornithochory .
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Occurrence
Schefflera arboricola is native to Taiwan and the Chinese island of Hainan . It is used as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens in tropical to subtropical areas. For example, it has run wild on some Pacific islands. Schefflera arboricola inhabits wet forests and areas along river banks below an altitude of 900 meters.
Systematics
The first publication of the name Schefflera arboricola took place in 1916 as a synonym of Heptapleurum arboricola , written there "arboricolum", by Hayata Bunzō in Icones plantarum formosanarum nec non et contributiones ad floram formosanam , Volume 6, pp. 23-24, Plate 4. As this formally cannot be considered a valid first publication, a valid publication was made by Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merr. 1929 by Elmer Drew Merrill in the Lingnan Science Journal. Canton [Guangzhou] , Volume 5 (1-2), page 139.
use
Schefflera arboricola is used as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens in tropical to subtropical areas . The robust and fast-growing Schefflera arboricola is very suitable as a houseplant . Cultivars of Schefflera arboricola include the variegated (variegated) varieties 'Renate', 'Samoa Snow', 'Charlotte' and 'Melanie'.
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . tape 13 : Clusiaceae through Araliaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Peking / St. Louis 2007, ISBN 978-1-930723-59-7 , Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merrill (English, efloras.org - same text as printed work).
- Ohashi hiroyoshi: Araliaceae Schefflera . In: Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan (Ed.): Flora of Taiwan. 2nd Edition. tape 3 : Angiosperms, dicotyledons [Hamamelidaceae - Umbelliferae] . Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, Taipei 1993, ISBN 957-9019-52-5 , Schefflera arboricola , p. 1002 (English, tai2.ntu.edu.tw - same text as the printed work).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Michel H. Porcher: Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merr. In: Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database. The University of Melbourne, accessed July 22, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c Gordon Cheers (ed.): Botanica: The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann in Tandem Verlag GmbH, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-89731-900-4 , Schefflera arboricola , p. 827 .
- ↑ a b Schefflera arboricola. In: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, accessed July 21, 2011 .
- ↑ Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merr. at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 22, 2011. (English).