Schefflera

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Schefflera
Schefflera morototoni

Schefflera morototoni

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Araliaceae (Araliaceae)
Subfamily : Aralioideae
Genre : Schefflera
Scientific name
Schefflera
JR Forest. & G.Forst.

The Schefflera or Strahlenaralien ( Schefflera ) are a genus of flowering plants in the family of the Araliaceae (Araliaceae). The pantropical genus Schefflera shows focus of species diversity in Asia and in tropical Australia .

description

Illustration from A hand-book to the flora of Ceylon , plate XLVI by Schefflera emarginata

Vegetative characteristics

All Schefflera species are woody plants that usually grow as trees or large shrubs , some species are lianas and a few species are epiphytes . The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blade is composed like a hand. The leaflets are entire or serrate. The stipules are fused with the petiole.

Generative characteristics

The racemose , spiky or doldy inflorescences contain many flowers. The small bracts are hairy. The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and five to eleven-fold with a double flower envelope . The usually five sepals usually have a smooth edge. There are five to eleven petals , which sometimes form a sloping kalyptra (hood), and just as many stamens are present. You can often see nectar on the disc . Rarely four, usually five to eleven carpels have become an ovary grown. The stylus are free or partially fused to form a tube or they are absent.

Round to ovoid drupes are formed, they rarely contain four, usually five to eleven seeds.

Systematics

Young ray aralia of the species Schefflera actinophylla as a houseplant
Adult ray aralia of the species Schefflera actinophylla as an ornamental plant
Section of a leaf and an inflorescence of Schefflera angulata
Fruit clusters of an adult Schefflera arboricola with ripe fruits
Palm leaves of Schefflera digitata
Stalked palmate leaves of Schefflera heptaphylla
Habit and stalked palmate leaves of Schefflera leucantha
Detail of an inflorescence of Schefflera macrocarpa with flowers
Shoot tip of
Schefflera morototoni with inflorescence
Habit and stalked, palmately divided leaves of Schefflera pueckleri
Hand-shaped composite leaves of Schefflera racemosa
Upper area of Schefflera rodriguesiana with stalked leaves and inflorescences
Section of an inflorescence of Schefflera roxburghii
Foliage leaves of Schefflera stellata
Stalked leaves of Schefflera taiwaniana
Detail of a compound inflorescence of Schefflera venulosa with flowers
Foliage leaves of Schefflera wallichiana

The genus Schefflera was set up on November 29, 1775 by Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster in Characteres Generum Plantarum , (1st edition), p. 23. The type species is Schefflera digitata J.R. Forst. & G.Forst. For Schefflera J.R. Forst. & G.Forst. nom. cons. sl there are a large number of synonyms : Actinomorphs (Miq.) Miq. , Actinophyllum Ruiz & Pav. , Agalma Miq. , Bakeria Seem. , Brassaia Endl. , Cephaloschefflera (Harms) Merr. , Cotylanthes Calest. , Crepinella Marchal , Didymopanax Decne. & Planch. , Enochoria Baker f. , Gynapteina Spach , Heptapleurum Gaertn. , Heptoneurum Hassk. , Neocussonia Hutch. , Nesopanax Seem. , Octotheca R.Vig. , Parapanax Miq. , Paratropia (flower) DC. , Scheffleropsis Ridl. , Sciadophyllum P.Browne , Tupidanthus Hook. f. & Thomson , Unjala Flower . The extent of the genus is controversial, with some authors assuming that all species of this family group are placed in a species-rich genus Schefflera sl, and other authors break down into many genera, some of which are poor in species.

The genus Schefflera sl is polyphyletic (over 500 to 1100 species), which is why most of the species have been separated into a few genera. The genus Schefflera s. st. is probably only monophyletic if only eight species remain.

There are 8 to 500 Schefflera species , depending on the author :

Habit and stalked,
palmately divided leaves of Schefflera elegantissimaPlerandra elegantissima

In 2013, 33 species were separated into 6 subgenus of the genus Plerandra A.Gray (Syn .: Dizygotheca N.E.Br. , Octotheca R.Vig. , Enochoria Baker f. ). It only occurs in Melanesia (Fiji, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu):

  • Schefflera actinostigma A.C.Sm. & BCStonePlerandra actinostigma (ACSm. & BCStone) GM Plunkett, Lowry & Frodin
  • Schefflera bailloniana Frodin : → Plerandra baillonii (R.Vig.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera bakeriana (ACSm.) FrodinPlerandra bakeriana A.C.Sm.
  • Schefflera cabalionii LowryPlerandra cabalionii (Lowry) Lowry, GMPlunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera costata A.C.Sm. Plerandra costata (ACSm.) GM Plunkett, Lowry & Frodin
  • Schefflera crassipes Baill. Plerandra crassipes (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera dictyophlebia FrodinPlerandra micrantha Philipson
  • Schefflera elegantissima (Veitch ex Mast.) Lowry & Frodin ( Aralia elegantissima hort. Veitch ex Mast. , Dizygotheca elegantissima (hort. Veitch ex Mast. ) R.Vig. & Guillaumin ) → Plerandra elegantissima (HJVeitch ex Mast.) Lowry, GMPlunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera elongata Baill. Plerandra elongata (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera emiliana Baill. Plerandra emiliana (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera gabriellae Baill. Plerandra gabriellae (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera grandiflora (ACSm.) FrodinPlerandra grandiflora A.C.Sm.
  • Schefflera grayi (Seem.) FrodinPlerandra grayi Seem.
  • Schefflera insolita (ACSm.) FrodinPlerandra insolita A.C.Sm.
  • Schefflera latianulata FrodinPlerandra brassii Philipson
  • Schefflera leptophylla (HJVeitch ex T.Moore) FrodinPlerandra leptophylla (HJVeitch ex T.Moore) Lowry, GMPlunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera nesopanax Frodin : It is called Plerandra vitiensis (Seem.) Baill by some authors .
  • Schefflera nono Baill. Plerandra nono (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera osyana (Veitch ex rule) FrodinPlerandra osyana (Veitch ex rule) Lowry, GMPlunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera pachyphylla HarmsPlerandra pachyphylla (Harms) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera pancheri Baill. Plerandra pancheri (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera pickeringii (A.Gray) FrodinPlerandra pickeringii A.Gray
  • Schefflera plerandroides (R.Vig.) FrodinPlerandra plerandroides (R.Vig.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera polydactylis (Montrouz.) FrodinPlerandra polydactylis (Montrouz.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera reginae (Linden ex W.Richards) FrodinPlerandra reginae (Linden ex W.Richards) Lowry, GMPlunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera seemanniana A.C.Sm. Plerandra seemanniana (ACSm.) GM Plunkett, Lowry & Frodin
  • Schefflera solomonensis (Philipson) FrodinPlerandra solomonensis Philipson
  • Schefflera stahliana (Warb.) FrodinPlerandra stahliana Warb.
  • Schefflera tannae A.C.Sm. & BCStone : → Plerandra tannae (ACSm. & BCStone) GMPlunkett, Lowry & Frodin
  • Schefflera toto Baill. Plerandra osyana subsp. toto (Baill.) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera vanuatua LowryPlerandra vanuatua (Lowry) Lowry, GM Plunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera veitchii (Carrière) Frodin & LowryPlerandra veitchii (Carrière) Lowry, GMPlunkett & Frodin
  • Schefflera victoriae (Gibbs) FrodinPlerandra victoriae Gibbs
Habit of Schefflera umbelliferaNeocussonia umbellifera

About 16 species were added to the genus Neocussonia Hutch in 2017 . posed. It occurs from Tanzania to southern Africa and Madagascar:

Around 15 species were included in the genus Astropanax Seem in 2017 . (Syn .: Geopanax Hemsl. ). It occurs in tropical Africa and on islands of the western Indian Ocean:

  • Schefflera abyssinica (Hochst. Ex A.Rich.) HarmsAstropanax abyssinicus (Hochst. Ex A.Rich.) Seem.
  • Schefflera barteri (Seem.) HarmsAstropanax barteri Seem. (further synonym : Astropanax baikiei Seem. , Schefflera baikiei (Seem.) Harms , Schefflera hierniana Harms , Schefflera ledermannii Harms , Schefflera henriquesiana Harms ex Henriq. , Schefflera dananensis (A.Chev.) Harms ex Engl. )
  • Schefflera evrardii BampsAstropanax evrardii (Bamps) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera goetzenii HarmsAstropanax goetzenii (Harms) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera humblotiana DrakeAstropanax humblotianus (Drake) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera kivuensis BampsAstropanax kivuensis (Bamps) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera mannii (Hook. F.) HarmsAstropanax mannii (Hook. F.) Seem.
  • Schefflera monophylla (Baker) BernardiAstropanax monophyllus (Baker) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera myriantha (Baker) DrakeAstropanax myrianthus (Baker) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera polysciadia HarmsAstropanax polysciadius (Harms) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin (further syn .: Schefflera bequaertii De Wild. , Schefflera congesta De Wild. , Schefflera angiensis De Wild. Nom. Illeg., Schefflera nyasensis De Wild. )
  • Schefflera procumbens (Hemsl.) F. FriedmannAstropanax procumbens (Hemsl.) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera stolzii HarmsAstropanax stolzii (Harms) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera tessmannii HarmsAstropanax tessmannii (Harms) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera urostachya HarmsAstropanax urostachyus (Harms) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin
  • Schefflera volkensii (Harms) HarmsAstropanax volkensii (Harms) Lowry, GMPlunkett, Gostel & Frodin

Around 33 species were placed in the genus Crepinella Marchal in 2019 .

About 131 species have been classified in the genus 2019 Sciodaphyllum P.Browne asked.

Radiant aralia, here a variety of Schefflera arboricola with white-colored leaves.

Origin of the generic name

The generic name Schefflera was introduced in 1776 by Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster , who wanted to pay tribute to a doctor and botanist from Danzig (“medicus et botanicus Gedanensis”).

There are at least three hypotheses about the namesake:

  • Jacob Christian Scheffler ("early 18th century")
  • Jacob Christoph Scheffler (1698–1745)
  • Johann Peter Ernst von Scheffler (1739–1809)

Despite the lack of sources, the genus Schefflera is traditionally associated with a fictitious “German botanist of the (early) 18th century” named “Jacob Christian Scheffler” in conversation encyclopedias and botanical specialist encyclopedias.

Helmut Genaust leads it as a source of the Etymologically Botanical Handwörterbuch by Georg Christian Witt stone to where it says, " Schefflera Forst. (Araliaceae). According to Jac. Christ. [!] Scheffler, botanist from Danzig, wrote in 1721 about the Āsarum. "

The following misunderstanding exists here: Disputatio Botanico-Medica De Asaro is a writing by Jacob Christoph Scheffler (1698–1745), a doctor from Altdorf near Nuremberg, who did his doctorate at the Altdorfina , went on a trip to Alsace and Paris and was named " Stadtphysicus ”in Crailsheim . There is no evidence that he was ever in Gdansk. Umberto Quattrocchi, who cites another work by Jacob Christoph Scheffler, makes the same false statement.

According to JR Forster & G. Forster, the sought-after Scheffler is said to have made contributions to Tentamen Florae Gedanensis methodo sexuali adcommodatae (German translation: The plants growing wild around Danzig (!) Classified and described according to their genitals ). The only Scheffler named in the "original" of this work (twice!) Is the doctor Johann Peter Ernst von Scheffler , member of the Natural Research Society in Gdansk (strangely enough, these mentions in the "German-language edition" were then omitted). So you have to see him as the addressee of the appreciation.

use

Some species, such as Schefflera pueckleri , and their varieties are used as ornamental plants in tropical to subtropical parks and gardens. Some of them are suitable as robust house plants ; They also include the species Schefflera actinophylla , Schefflera arboricola and Schefflera elegantissima .

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literature

  • Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett, David G. Frodin: Revision of Plerandra (Araliaceae). I. A synopsis of the genus with an expanded circumscription and a new infrageeric classification. In: Brittonia , Volume 65, Issue 1, 2013, pp. 42–61. JSTOR 41810043
  • Gregory M. Plunkett, Porter P. Lowry II: Phylogeny and diversification in the Melanesian Schefflera clade (Araliaceae) based on evidence from nuclear rDNA spacers. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 37, Issue 1, 2012, pp. 279-291. doi : 10.1600 / 036364412X616837
  • Pedro Fiaschi, Gregory M. Plunkett: Monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of Neotropical Schefflera (Araliaceae) based on plastid and nuclear markers. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 36, 2011, pp. 806-817. doi : 10.1600 / 036364411X583754
  • Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett: Schefflera (Araliaceae): taxonomic history, overview and progress. In: Plant Diversity and Evolution , Volume 128, 2010, pp. 561-595.
  • Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett: Recircumscription of Polyscias (Araliaceae) to include six related genera, with a new infrageeric classification and a synopsis of species. In: Plant Diversity and Evolution , Volume 128, 2010, pp. 55-84.
  • Qibai Xiang, Porter P. Lowry: Araliaceae. : In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 13: Clusiaceae through Araliaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2007 ISBN 978-1-930723-59-7 . Schefflera , p. 454 - online with the same text as the printed work. (Sections Description, Systematics and Distribution)

Individual evidence

  1. a b Schefflera at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on May 23, 2014.
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc m d me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz ta tb tc td te tf tg th ti tj tk tl tm tn to tp tq tr ts tt tu tv tw tx ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us ut uu uv uw ux uy uz va vb vc vd ve vf vg vh vi vj vk vl vm vn vo vp vq vr vs vt vu vv vw vx vy vz wa wb wc wd we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Schefflera. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  3. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett, David G. Frodin: Revision of Plerandra (Araliaceae). I. A synopsis of the genus with an expanded circumscription and a new infrageeric classification. In: Brittonia , Volume 65, Issue 1, 2013, pp. 42–61. JSTOR 41810043 PDF.
  4. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Qibai Xiang, Porter P. Lowry: Araliaceae. : In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 13: Clusiaceae through Araliaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2007 ISBN 978-1-930723-59-7 . Schefflera , p. 454 - online with the same text as the printed work.
  5. ^ A b c David Frodin, Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett: Schefflera (Araliaceae): Taxonomic history, overview and progress. Plant Diversity and Evolution , Volume 128, 2010, pp. 561-595. doi : 10.1127 / 1869-6155 / 2010 / 0128-0028
  6. Schefflera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
  7. Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Plerandra. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 13, 2019.
  8. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett, Morgan R. Gostel, David G. Frodin: A synopsis of the Afro-Malagasy species previously included in Schefflera (Araliaceae): Resurrection of the genera Astropanax and Neocussonia. In: Candollea , Volume 72, Issue 2, June 2017, pp. 265-282. doi : 10.15553 / c2017v722a4
  9. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett, Morgan R. Gostel, David G. Frodin: A synopsis of the Afro-Malagasy species previously included in Schefflera ( Araliaceae): Resurrection of the genera Astropanax and Neocussonia. In: Candollea , Volume 72, Issue 2, June 2017, pp. 265-282. doi : 10.15553 / c2017v722a4
  10. Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett, David A. Neill: Studies in Neotropical Araliaceae. II. Resurrection of the Neotropical genus Crepinella Marchal for a clade of New World species previously included in Schefflera JR Forst. & G. Forst. (Araliaceae). In: Novon , Volume 27, Issue 4, 2019, pp. 253–261. doi : 10.3417 / 2019510
  11. Porter P. Lowry II, Gregory M. Plunkett, M. Marcela Mora, Carlos Rodrigues-Vaz: Studies in Neotropical Araliaceae. I. Resurrection of the genus Sciodaphyllum P. Browne to accommodate most New World species previously included in Schefflera JR Forst. & G. Forst. In: Brittonia , Volume, November 2019, pp. 1–15. doi : 10.1007 / s12228-019-09593-w
  12. ^ Johann Reinhold Forster, Georg Forster: Characteres generum plantarum, quas in itinere ad insulas maris Australis,: collegerunt, descripserunt, delinearunt, annis 1772-1775. B. White, T. Cadell, & P. ​​Elmsly, London 1776, p. 46. ( full text in the Google book search)
  13. including Brockhaus encyclopedia in 24 volumes. 19th, completely revised edition, volume 19. Mannheim 1992.
  14. including Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
  15. Etymological-botanical concise dictionary. Edit. U ed. v. Dr. G [eorg] C [hristian] Wittstein. 2nd edition, 1856 Erlangen, p. 791.
  16. Jacob Christoph Scheffler: Dispvtatio Botanico-Medica Inavgvralis De Asaro. Meyer, Altdorf 1721. ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fgdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de%2Fid%2FPPN665236093~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3D~doppelseiten% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D )
  17. German Biographical Archive
  18. Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC world dictionary of plant names: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology. Boca Raton, Fla. [u. a.]: CRC Press, 2000.
  19. digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Freader.digitale-sammlungen.de%2Fresolve%2Fdisplay%2Fbsb10953498.html%20~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D
  20. Gottfried Reyger: The plants growing wild around Danzig sorted and described according to their genitals. Wedel, Danzig 1768. ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Freader.digitale-sammlungen.de%2Fde%2Ffs1%2Fobject%2Fdisplay%2Fbsb10302936_00007.html~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D )
  21. Gottfried Reyger: Tentamen Florae Gedanensis 1766, Volume 2, P. 132: [1]
  22. Gottfried Reyger: Tentamen Florae Gedanensis 1766, Volume 2, P. 112: [2]
  23. ^ Writings of the Natural Research Society in Danzig. (= Writings of the Natural Research Society in Danzig. Volume 8, Issue 2 ). Danzig 1893, p. 83.
  24. Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .

further reading

  • Pedro Fiaschi, Gregory M. Plunkett :. Revision of the Didymopanax group of Neotropical Schefflera (Araliaceae). In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 103, March 2018, pp. 24-105. doi : 10.3417 / 2017031
  • MR Gostel, Gregory M. Plunkett, Porter P. Lowry II: Straddling the Mozambique Channel: molecular evidence for two major clades of Afro-Malagasy Schefflera (Araliaceae) co-occurring in Africa and Madagascar. In: Plant Ecology and Evolution , Volume 150, 2017, pp. 87-108.

Web links

Commons : Schefflera  - collection of images, videos and audio files