Mock hazel

Mock hazel
	Arm-flowered false hazel ( Corylopsis pauciflora )
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order :	Saxifragales (Saxifragales)
Family :	Witch Hazel Family (Hamamelidaceae)
Genre :	Mock hazel
Scientific name
	Corylopsis
	Siebold & Zucc.

The false hazel or flower hazel ( Corylopsis ) are a genus of shrubs from the witch hazel family . They got their name because of the similarity of the leaves and inflorescences with those of the hazel . The approximately 30 species of the genus can be found in Japan, India, Korea, China and in the Himalayas .

description

The false hazels are deciduous shrubs with numerous, thin branches. Young twigs are often star-haired or hairy downy. The buds are five to eight millimeters long. They are spindle-shaped and have three visible bud scales. The flower buds are bulbous and thickened and significantly larger and thicker than the leaf buds. The leaves are alternate. They are simple, broadly ovoid to rounded, heart-shaped and usually toothed with bristles. The leaf base is more or less crooked. The leaf veins are pinnate. The stipules are large, membranous and fall off early, leaving a scar. The flowers are in pendulous, axillary spikes . The bracts of the inflorescences are brown and rarely reddish in color and are shed early. The single flowers are hermaphroditic, yellow and mostly fragrant. A bract and two bracts are formed for each flower . The bract is colorless to transparent green or light brown. The calyx is inconspicuous, the five petals are nailed. Five stamens and up to five staminodes are formed per flower . The ovary is two-faced and superordinate to semi-protruding and has two styles . The flowers appear before the leaves shoot. The fruits are woody, two-compartment, 6 to 9 millimeter large capsules , which are horned by the permanent style, and open with two lobes. The seeds are 4 to 6 millimeters long and are shiny black.

The chromosome number of the species is or . ${\ displaystyle 2n = 24,}$ ${\ displaystyle 48}$ ${\ displaystyle 72}$

distribution

The natural range of the species of the false hazel ranges from Japan to Korea , India and China to the Himalayas .

Systematics and research history

Chinese hazel flowers ( Corylopsis sinensis )

Spiked hazel leaves ( Corylopsis spicata )

Willmott's mock hazel ( Corylopsis willmottiae )

The false hazels ( Corylopsis ) are a genus in the witch hazel family (Hamamelidaceae). There it is assigned to the subfamily Hamamelidoideae in the tribe Corylopsideae. The genus was first described by Siebold and Zuccarini in 1835 in the Flora Japonica . The scientific name Corylopsis is derived from Corylos , the generic name of hazelnuts , and from the Greek word "opsis" for "appearance". It corresponds to the German name Scheinhaseln and refers to the similarity of leaves and inflorescences with those of hazelnuts.

The species of the genus are (selection):

Corylopsis alnifolia (H. Lév.) CK Schneid. : It occurs in the Chinese province of Guizhou .
Corylopsis brevistyla H.T. Chang : It occurs in northern Yunnan .
Bald false hazel ( Corylopsis glabrescens Franch. & Sav. ), Home: Japan
Corylopsis glandulifera Hemsl. : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Jiangxi and Zhejiang.
Corylopsis glaucescens Hand .-- Mazz. : It occurs in northwestern Yunnan .
Corylopsis henryi Hemsl. : It occurs in western Hubei and eastern Sichuan.
Corylopsis microcarpa H.T. Chang : It occurs in southern Gansu and northern Sichuan.
Corylopsis multiflora Hance : It occurs in two varieties in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Taiwan and Yunnan.
Corylopsis obovata H.T. Chang : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Chongqing and Guizhou .
Corylopsis omeiensis W.C. Cheng : It occurs in southwest Guizhou and central Sichuan.
Arm-flowered false hazel ( Corylopsis pauciflora Siebold & Zucc. ), Native to: Japan, Taiwan
Corylopsis platypetala Rehder & EH Wilson : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Hubei and Sichuan.
Corylopsis rotundifolia H.T. Chang : It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Chongqing and Guizhou.
Chinese false hazel ( Corylopsis sinensis Hemsl. ): It occurs in two varieties in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Zhejiang.
Spiked hazel ( Corylopsis spicata Siebold & Zucc. ), Origin: Japan
Corylopsis stelligera Guillaumin : It occurs in southwest China.
Corylopsis trabeculosa Hu & WC Cheng : It occurs in northwestern Yunnan.
Veitch's mock hazel ( Corylopsis veitchiana Bean ): It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Hubei and Sichuan.
Corylopsis velutina Hand .-- Mazz. : It occurs in southwest Sichuan.
Willmott's false hazel ( Corylopsis willmottiae Rehder & EH Wilson ): It occurs in western Sichuan.
Corylopsis yui Hu & WC Cheng : It occurs in northwestern Yunnan.
Corylopsis yunnanensis Diels : It occurs in western Yunnan.

use

The false hazels are used as ornamental plants because of their decorative pale yellow flowers and the early beginning of flowering, but also because of their yellow autumn color .

proof

literature

Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 219.
Schütt, Schuck, Stimm: Lexicon of tree and shrub species . Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 , pp. 121 .
Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 180 (reprint from 1996).
Walter Erhardt u. a .: The big pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
The Plant List. Retrieved May 2, 2013.

Individual evidence

^ German names according to Schütt et al .: Lexicon of tree and shrub species, p. 121
↑ ^a ^b Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 219
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Corylopsis. In: Flora of China Vol. 9. www.eFloras.org, p. 35 , accessed on February 15, 2017 (English).
↑ ^a ^b Corylopsis. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed March 12, 2011 .
↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 180
^ German names according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , pp. 219–221

Web links

Commons : Scheinhaseln - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[LBS-1] German names according to Schütt et al .: Lexicon of tree and shrub species, p. 121

[FdG-2] Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 219

[FoC-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Corylopsis. In: Flora of China Vol. 9. www.eFloras.org, p. 35 , accessed on February 15, 2017 (English).

[GRIN-4] Corylopsis. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed March 12, 2011 .

[Gen-5] Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 180

[FdG_dt-6] German names according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , pp. 219–221