Speared noble diamond
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Spiked rue ( Artemisia genipi ), habitus in the habitat |
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| Artemisia genipi | ||||||||||||
| Weber ex Stechm. |
The spiked wormwood ( Artemisia genipi ), also Black Edelrautehütte or black diamond called, is a species of the genus Artemisia within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae or Compositae earlier).
description
Appearance and foliage leaf
The spiked rue usually grows as an unbranched, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of between 5 and 15 (rarely up to 20) centimeters. It has dense, silky and felty, grayish hair.
The stalked, hand-shaped basal leaves are arranged in rosettes . The leaf blade with linear-lanceolate, pointed lobed sections is usually divided into two or three parts. The pinnate-shaped split to lobed, central stem leaves are short stalked to sessile.
Inflorescence and flower
The Ährige Edelraute blooms from July to August. In an interrupted sheets upwardly gradually denser, nodding before flowering time ährigen total inflorescence are basket-shaped part inflorescences together. The lower bracts are shaped like the stem leaves, the upper ones are often simple. The lower flower heads are short stalked, the upper almost sessile. The 3 to 4.5 millimeters large, egg-shaped to lanceolate, blunt and mostly dry-skinned bracts are characterized by a dark brown to black skin edge on the inside. The flower heads are no more than 4.5 millimeters in diameter and contain ten to fifteen yellow flowers.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
Occurrence
The distribution area of the Ährigen Edelraute extends from France via Italy , Switzerland , Liechtenstein and Austria to Slovenia . She is a species of character of the order Drabetalia hoppeanae.
The Austrian occurrences are found scattered or rarely in the federal states of Styria, Carinthia, Salzburg, Tyrol and Vorarlberg.
The Ährige Edelraute can be found in the high mountain ranges of the Alps and, according to unconfirmed reports from the Pyrenees, in rocky places and in rock debris between altitudes of 1700 and 3800 meters on silicate and slate . It thrives on snow-damp, base-rich slate debris fields of the alpine and nival levels.
Hazard and protection
The Ährige Edelraute is listed by the IUCN in the Red List of Threatened Species and is there as not endangered (LC = "Least Concern"); however, it is recommended to check the withdrawals for the production of a herbal liqueur.
As a protective measure, the European Union lists the Ährige Edelraute in the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive No. 92/43 / EEC in the updated version of January 1, 2007 , which can regulate removals from nature and use. It is also placed under protection in Austria and Switzerland or on the Red List of Endangered Species.
Taxonomy
The first publication of Artemisia genipi was in 1775 by Georg Heinrich Weber in a dissertation by John Paul Stechmann . Synonyms for Artemisia genipi are Artemisia bocconei All. and Artemisia spicata Wulfen .
Common names
In the German-speaking area, the common names Gabusen ( Bernese Oberland ), golden diamonds ( Fusch im Pinzgau ), Koglrauten ( Oberpinzgau ) and domed diamonds ( Fusch im Pinzgau ) are or were used for this plant species, sometimes only regionally .
French common names are Genépi Noir or Genépi laineux .
use
Among other species of the Artemisia genus , the Ährige Edelraute is used to produce a herbal liqueur called "Génépi", which is particularly popular in the western Alps, especially in the Aosta Valley and the Alpine valleys of Piedmont .
swell
literature
- Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
- Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Walter Gutermann: Artemisia . In TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 178–184 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 923 .
- ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 944 .
- ^ Artemisia genipi in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
- ↑ a b Artemisia genipi in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011.1. Posted by: A. Gygax, C. Montagnani, D. Gargano, KG Bernhardt, N. Jogan, G. Gigot ,, 2010. Retrieved October 8, 2011.
- ↑ Council Directive 92/43 / EEC of May 21, 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora in the consolidated version of January 1, 2007 , accessed on October 13, 2011 , Appendix V. In: OJ. L 206 of July 22, 1992, p. 67.
- ^ D. Moser, A. Gygax, B. Bäumler, N. Wyler, R. Palese: Red list of endangered species in Switzerland: fern and flowering plants . Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern; Center of the data network of the Swiss flora, Chambésy; Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Chambésy, 2002, OCLC 84683942 , p. 44 ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: PDF file; 1194 kB ).
- ↑ Johannes Paul Stechmann: Dissertatio inauguralis botanica-medica de Artemisiis. Friedrich Andreas Rosenbusch, Göttingen 1775, p. 17 (online) .
- ^ Karl Fritsch : 2.263. Artemisia Genipi Weber in Stechm. . In: Anton Joseph Kerner (Ed.): Schedae ad Floram exsiccatam Austro-Hungaricum . tape 8–9 , pp. 93 ( online [PDF]).
- ↑ Werner Greuter: Compositae (pro parte majore): Artemisia genipi. In: Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube, January 2011, accessed on March 26, 2012 (English).
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 44, online.
- ^ Artemisia genipi Weber . (No longer available online.) In: Tela Botanica. Le réseau de la botanique francophone. Association Tela Botanica, archived from the original on September 14, 2008 ; Retrieved October 8, 2011 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Artemisia genipi Weber In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thomas Meyer: Edelraute data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Schwarz-Edelraute / Schwarzraute / "Gletscherraute" / "Keesraute". In: Botany in the picture. Flora of Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. Natural History Museum Vienna, accessed on October 8, 2011 (Wild Plants Austria - Picture Database).