Oberpinzgau
 
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The Oberpinzgau is a region in the west of the Austrian state of Salzburg . It is the western part of the Zell am See (Pinzgau) district and is geographically determined by the wide upper valley of the Salzach . Mittersill is the capital of the nine municipalities in the region . Economically, tourism, traditional agriculture and forestry, construction and material goods production dominate. Large areas in the southern half of Oberpinzgau are part of the Hohe Tauern National Park .
geography
The Oberpinzgau is one of four regions in the Zell am See district. and occupies about the western third of the entire Pinzgau region. It extends for around 45 to 50 km from Niedernsill in the east to Krimml on the Tyrolean border in the west; the north-south extension is about 20 to 25 km. In the north, the Oberpinzgau region borders on the Pinzgau municipality of Saalbach-Hinterglemm , in the west on North Tyrol , in the southwest over a few kilometers on Italian South Tyrol , in the south on East Tyrol and in the southeast over a few kilometers on the federal state of Carinthia .
The Upper Pinzgau is determined by the wide, west-east stretching valley of the Salzach in its upper reaches. The valley floor falls between the two border communities from approx. 1050 m above sea level. A. to around 750 meters in altitude. The northern mountain region to the left of the Salzach belongs to the Kitzbühel Alps and the mountains south of the Salzach Valley to the Hohe Tauern . In this southern half of the Oberpinzgau there are a number of side valleys of the Salzach, all of which run more or less parallel to each other from the main Alpine ridge in a north-south direction. These are (from east to west):
Large areas of the Oberpinzgau south are part of the Hohe Tauern National Park.
- Communities
The Oberpinzgau includes - from east to west - the following nine municipalities:
Around 22,000 people live in the region.
The borders of the Oberpinzgau are not always clearly seen. In any case, it is the upper region from Zell am See , so that in individual cases other communities are also included in the Oberpinzgau. These are Piesendorf , Kaprun and Zell am See itself.
(See also: List of municipalities in the state of Salzburg )
history
The Pinzgau area has probably been settled since the Neolithic Age, and finds indicate that the Upper Pinzgau region has also been settled at least since the Bronze Age (from approx. 2200 BC) (copper ore mining near Krimml and Stuhlfelden). Evidence of settlement during the Hallstatt period (approx. 1200 - approx. 500 BC) can be found near Krimml and Uttendorf.
Until around 500 AD, the region belonged to the Roman province of Noricum. Then the Bavarians came into the country.
In the Middle Ages, Oberpinzgau was an independent region as a county. In the 12th century, the Bavarian Counts of Lechsgemünd administered the area; the possessions around Mittersill were bought at the beginning of the 13th century by Archbishop Eberhard II of Salzburg and were administered by the powerful lords of Felben . The history of the Pinzgau was subsequently characterized by the changing conditions between Salzburg and Bavaria.
From the Middle Ages onwards, the forests of the Pinzgau served as a supplier of wood for the operation of the salt works in Bad Reichenhall, Bavaria; the Oberpinzgau region was largely excluded due to its remote location.
Since the beginning of the 19th century, the region with the rest of Salzburg has finally belonged to Austria. The Oberpinzgau was last until 2004 the separate judicial district Mittersill; on January 1, 2005 it was merged with that of Zell am See.
Reconstruction of a Celtic settlement in Uttendorf
Weyerturm in Bramberg
Lichtenau Castle (1624) in Stuhlfelden
Mittersill local history museum
economy
From the 16th to the 19th, and in places up to the 20th century, there was a relatively lively mining industry in Oberpinzgau, which has now partly been forgotten. There were a number of small pits in which various minerals ( epidote , fluorite , scheelite / tungsten in the Felbertal , emerald in the Habach valley ) and ores (lead, copper, sulfur, tungsten, zinc) were extracted, for example at the Stuhlfeldener Bach, in the Mittersill area, in the Hollersbachtal, in the Brenntalwald (municipality of Bramberg am Wildkogel), in the Untersulzbachtal and in the Habach Valley (possibly gold and silver here in earlier times). The local museum in Bramberg am Wildkogel and the exhibition tunnels in Untersulzbachtal and Vorderkrimml are the main reminders of mining today.
The Salzach Valley and its side high pastures are a traditional area for dairy farming and cattle breeding. In the previous centuries, the keeping and breeding of goats had an important role. In the meantime, however, their numbers have decreased significantly. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the heavy horse breed “Pinzgauer”, a Noriker line, was also bred in Oberpinzgau . The “Pinzgauer” breed, also bred in Oberpinzgau, is also found in goats and cows. Agriculture as a branch of business is generally on the decline today, and farms are increasingly being run as a sideline. However, around half of all farm businesses in Oberpinzgau practice organic farming .
In addition to agriculture, tourism is a particularly important branch of the economy. The Oberpinzgau is suitable for both summer tourism and winter sports and offers a corresponding range. In addition to the local cultural sights, the main features of nature are advertised for the summer season, especially the Hohe Tauern National Park with its facilities, the Krimml waterfalls and, for example, the possibility of mineral discoveries in the Habach Valley. Sports opportunities in the northern mountains are decisive for winter tourism.
The construction and manufacturing industries are of further importance in Oberpinzgau.
In order to strengthen the Oberpinzgau area economically, all nine associated municipalities are united in the " Regional Association Oberpinzgau". The region is financially supported by European Union funds and is also the target of other initiatives such as education funding or the former university project “Life 2014” for the design of joint development measures.
traffic
Despite the existing road connections to North and East Tyrol, the Oberpinzgau is not only considered economically but also in terms of traffic as a peripheral and therefore difficult to reach area; it is away from highways and expressways. The main traffic artery for the region is the route through the Salzach Valley. Coming from the east, Mittersiller Straße (B 168) runs to Mittersill, where the Gerlos Straße (B 165) , which continues to the west, connects. An important road link especially for individual long-distance south is the starting Mittersill by Felbertal and Felbertauerntunnel to East Tyrol running Felbertauernstraße . The Pass Thurn Straße (B 161) from Mittersill into the Leukental to North Tyrol is also important.
With regard to public transport, Oberpinzgau is served by the Pinzgauer local railway from Zell am See to Vorderkrimml (municipality of Wald im Pinzgau) and by post buses from Zell am See to Krimml.
The Tauern Cycle Path begins in Krimml near the Krimml Waterfalls , a cycle path that runs along the Salzach and later through other Salzburg districts.
Individual evidence
- ↑ regpi.at , accessed on April 16, 2017
- ↑ Regionalverband Oberpinzgau , accessed on January 31, 2016.
- ↑ a b Website oieb.at/lernende-regionen ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on April 16, 2017)
- ↑ Salzburgwiki (accessed January 4, 2012)
- ↑ a b Klaus Lewandowsky: The "forgotten" mining in Oberpinzgau. In: Reports of the Federal Geological Institute, Vol. 72, 2008, available online as PDF under [1]
- ↑ For the history cf. the information on regpi.at (accessed on April 16, 2017).
- ↑ Ruth M. Wallner: Old Races. Goats and sheep. , Manuscript, Rauris 2004, available online as PDF at https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/view/5588914/alte-rassen-ziegen-u-schafe-ot-arche-austria .
Web links
- Regional association Oberpinzgau
- German tourism website oberpinzgau.de
- the Oberpinzgau on oieb.at/lernende-regionen
- der Oberpinzgau on the website of the regional management Pinzgau
- Website of the project '' Leben 2014 ''
- Sources on mining in the Oberpinzgau go to haben.at