Schwerin illuminated manuscript
The Schwerin Illuminated Manuscript , according to its content also The Mecklenburg Princely Dynasty and its Legendary Ancestors, is an illuminated manuscript dated 1526 , which is in the Schwerin State Archives .
history
Duke Heinrich V, the peacemaker of Mecklenburg, was very interested in his family tradition. During his reign he was served by the scholar Nicolaus Marschalk , who worked out a Chronicon of the Mecklenburg regents for the Duke in 1520/21 . There was a Annalium Herulorum ad Vadalorum libri septem (Annals of Heruli and Vandals ) in the marshal the Duke created a lineage that with the Amazon shoot Anthyrius , a warlord Alexander the Great begins. This Anthyrius (I.) is the first of 36 "kings of the Obotrites " up to Pribislaw , followed by 14 princes or dukes of Mecklenburg. In current historiography, however, only the Slavic princes from numbers 27 to 36 can be historically proven with facts. The "forgery" of the line of ancestors by Marschalk was proven back in the 18th century. The sequence of princes and dukes who have ruled since the last Slav prince, Niklot , is not complete (compare the list of the family members of the House of Mecklenburg ).
The illuminated manuscript, which is attributed to the court painter Erhard Altdorfer , came from the property of the Princely House in the Grand Ducal Archives, today's State Archives in Schwerin. To mark the 1000th anniversary of Mecklenburg in 1995, Edition Temmen published a reduced-format print edition with the appropriate texts from Marschalk's "Annals" added to the individual pages. Today it is assumed that both - the annals and the illuminated manuscript - are closely related.
description
The illuminated manuscript is bound in leather-covered wooden covers that are worn and damaged according to their age. The cover has the format of 38.2 × 26.3 cm. The 36 Obotrite kings and 14 princes with their wives are shown in chronological order on each sheet in very good condition and color. The full-length characters are facing each other, the respective coat of arms is depicted under their feet. It is obvious that the faces are not authentic portraits of the sitter, they only serve to illustrate the line of ancestors.
The almost lack of historical relevance makes the Schwerin Illuminated Manuscript of no interest to historians, but it is a valuable testimony to the 16th century in terms of culture and art history.
The lineage
| No. | Surname | wife | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Anthyrius , son of an Amazon , chief captain of Alexander | Symbulla, from the royal tribe of the Goths | from the tribe of the Heruli , is said to have been chosen as their prince (king) by Obtotrites in his entourage after Alexander's death and to have founded the Megalopolis castle after his return |
| 2 | Anavas , son of Anthyrius | Orethya, king's daughter of the Sarmatians | Marschalk locates the wife's ancestry in today's Poland; should have left four children |
| 3 | Alimer , son of Anavas | Ida of Rügen | allegedly ruled for 75 years and left many children |
| 4th | Anthyrius III , Son of Alimer | Marina of Denmark | allegedly died after 62 years of reign |
| 5 | Huterus , son of Anthyrius II. | Judith of Finland | allegedly died in the 69th year of his reign |
| 6th | Visilaus I , son of Huterus | Tiburina of Norway | supposedly ruled for 56 years |
| 7th | Vitislaus , son of Visilaus | Anarnia, princess of the Goths | supposedly ruled for 36 years |
| 8th | Alaric I. , son of Vitislaus | Bella, King's daughter of Ubien | supposedly ruled for 35 years |
| 9 | Dietrich , son of Alaric | Diana of Trier | supposedly ruled for 39 years |
| 10 | Thenerich , son of Dietrich | Bigonna, King's daughter of the Thurians | supposedly ruled for 36 years |
| 11 | Alberich , son of Thenerich | Diomeda, King's daughter of the Sarmatians | allegedly also conquered Sweden and the Kingdom of Goths, is said to have ruled for 55 years |
| 12 | Visimar , son of Alberich | Amalasunta of Saxony | is said to have been a contemporary of Constantine and founded Wismar in his 48-year reign |
| 13 | Misislaus , son of Visimar | Belga of Trier | allegedly a powerful king of the Sarmatians and Goths |
| 14th | Radagast , son of Misislaus | Celia of Hungary | is said to have lived around the year 400 and was a great war hero |
| 15th | Corsico , son of Radagast | Flora, princess from Picardy | is said to have been in an alliance with the Huns and at times ruled all of Central Europe, allegedly died after 45 years of reign |
| 16 | Fredebald , son of Corsico | Themiorma, princess of the Scythians | Commander of the Goths, allegedly died in the 39th year of his reign |
| 17th | Gunderich , son of Fredebald | Elissa of Spain ( Granada ) | is said to have been a mighty war hero in 53 years of reign who, among other things, conquered Spain, plundered and destroyed numerous churches |
| 18th | Genserich , son of Gunderich | Eudoxa, daughter of Emperor Theodoric | is said to have "carried away" his wife with their two daughters from Rome and died in the 37th year of his reign in Africa |
| 19th | Visilaus II , son of Genserich | Adolla of Saxony | allegedly temporarily general of the Goths, died in the 16th year of his reign |
| 20th | Alaric II , son of Visislaus | Theodora of Burgundy | allegedly died after 31 years of reign |
| 21st | Alberich (II.) , Son of Alaric II. | Syrisca, king's daughter of the Sarmatians | is said to have been through the marriage and united the empire of the Sarmatians in peace, also otherwise lived in "peaceful peace" and ruled for 29 years |
| 22nd | Johannes , son of Alberich II. | Euphemia of Norway | died after an alleged 40 year reign |
| 23 | Radagast (III.) , Son of Johannes | Gubertina of Spain (Granada) | to against the Marcomanni and Soraben be drawn |
| 24 | Visislaus III. , Son of Radagast | Haziga of Denmark | allegedly led the empire of the Herulen, Wenden and Sarmatians for 29 years |
| 25th | Aritbert , son of Radagast | Berta, sister-in-law of Emperor Charlemagne | was allegedly in military service with Emperor Charlemagne, whose sister-in-law he married, is said to have died in the 36th year of his reign |
| 26th | Billung , son of Aritbert | Medea, king's daughter of the Sarmatians | to an area of the Vistula up to the Weser have ruled and 986 near his castle Megalopolis a nunnery (meaning probably Neukloster have established), initially christened he later moved against all Christians and destroyed everything Christian in his country |
| 27 | Mstivoj , son of Billung | Sophia of Hungary | Marschalk mistakenly exchanged the names Mizilaus and Mistevo, the relationship to Billung is constructed, according to today's view Billung is probably the baptismal name Mstivojs |
| 28 | Mstislav , son of Mstivoj | Margareta, daughter of Emperor Heinrich II. | Christ, overthrown in 1018 |
| 29 | Udo , son of Mistevo | Marina of Denmark | baptized, previous name Pribignew, murdered in 1028 |
| 30th | Gottschalk , son of Udo | 1) Simbulla, King's daughter of the Sarmatians 2) Syritha (Sigrid) of Denmark |
zealous missionary in his own country, killed 1066 |
| 31 | Bute , son of Gottschalk | Ida of Rügen | lived at the court of the Duke of Saxony, lured into a trap and slain by Kruto in 1073 or 1075 |
| 32 | Heinrich , son of Gottschalk | Slavina of Rügen | grew up in Denmark, in 1093 struck a contingent of (pagan) Slavs and settled in Lübeck, promoted proselytizing among the Slavic tribes, died in 1127 |
| 33 | Swantepol , son of Heinrich | (not known) | Ruler of Wagrien , murdered in 1128 for promoting Christianity |
| 34 | Svinico , son of Swantepol | (not known) | last of his family, slain in 1129 |
| 35 | Niklot , son of Bute / Budivoj | (not known) | Chieftain 1127-60; Niklot's origins as the son of Budivoj cannot be proven, here constructed by Marschalk for the ancestral line |
| 36 | Pribislaw , son of Niklot | Woizlawa of Norway | Chieftain 1160-64; Liege 1167-78 |
| (37) | Heinrich Borwin I , son of Pribislaw | Mathilde of Saxony | Reign 1178 to 1227; the second wife was called Adelheid |
| (38) | Heinrich Borwin II. , Son of Heinrich Borwin I. | (Sophia?) Christine of Sweden | Princes' line of prince, died before his father |
| (39) | Johann I , son of Heinrich Borwin II. | Luitgart von Henneberg | Prince 1234-64; Main division of Mecklenburg with his brothers |
| (40) | Heinrich I , son of Johann I. | Anastasia of Pomerania | Regent 1264-75 and 1299-1302 |
| (41) | Heinrich II. , Son of Heinrich I. | 1) Beatrix of Brandenburg 2) Anna of Saxony-Wittenberg |
Regent 1287–98, co-regent 1298–1302, prince 1302–29 |
| (42) | Albrecht II , son of Heinrich II from 2nd marriage | Eufemia Eriksdotter | from 1329 regent under guardianship, from 1336 independent, duke 1348–79 |
| (43) | Albrecht III. , Son of Albrecht II. | 1) Richardis von Schwerin 2) Agnes von Braunschweig |
1364–89 King of Sweden, reigning Duke 1384–1412 |
| (44) | Magnus I , son of Albrecht II. | (Agnes?) Elisabeth von Pommern-Wolgast | Duke 1383/84 |
| (45) | Johann IV. , Son of Magnus I. | 1) Judith / Jutta von Hoya 2) Katharina von Sachsen-Lauenburg |
1384–95 sole regent, then co-regent until 1422 |
| (46) | Heinrich IV. , Son of Johann IV. | Dorothea of Brandenburg | 1422-77 Duke |
| (47) | Magnus II , son of Heinrich IV. | Sophie of Pomerania | 1477–1503 ruling duke |
| (48) | Baltahsar , son of Henry IV. | Margaret of Pomerania | 1503-07 co-regent |
| (49) | Heinrich V , son of Magnus II. | 1) Ursula von Brandenburg 2) Helene von der Pfalz 3) Ursula zu Sachsen-Lauenburg |
1503–47 co-regent with his brother Albrecht VII, then until 1552 with his nephew Johann Albrecht I. |
| (50) | Johann Albrecht I , son of Albrecht VII. | Anna of Brandenburg | 1547–56 Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, 1556–76 Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
swell
- ↑ Andreas Röpcke (ed.): The Mecklenburg princely dynasty and their legendary ancestors. The Schwerin Illuminated Manuscript from 1526 , Edition Temmen, Bremen / Rostock 1995