Selandia (ship)
.JPG) Model of the Selandia
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The Selandia was the first ocean-going ship with a diesel engine and the first ship with electric winches (from Siemens-Schuckert ).
Because of the diesel engine, it was possible to dispense with the chimneys of steam engines that had been common up until then . The exhaust gases were discharged via an exhaust pipe in a cross mast . Therefore the ship was also referred to as "ship without steam and smoke" or ship with three bamboo sticks ".
history
The Danish East Asiatic Company in 1910 (East Asiatic Company) awarded the contract to build the first ocean-going motor ship at the shipyard Burmeister & Wain in Copenhagen . The launch took place on November 4, 1911, the commissioning on February 17, 1912.
The maiden voyage , which began on February 22, 1912, led over 22,000 nautical miles (approx. 37,875 km) from Copenhagen via London , Antwerp , Genoa , the Suez Canal and Bangkok to Japan and back again. On the way, the Selandia caused a sensation because of its new type of drive. In London, the then Minister of the Navy, Winston Churchill, and other members of the Admiralty visited the ship. The mother of the King of Siam ( Thailand ) , who was traveling to Japan, boarded the ship in Bangkok . After four months the Selandia was back in Copenhagen.
During the First World War , the Selandia was used in the Pacific and then served the Copenhagen - Bangkok liner service.
Norseman
In 1936 the ship was sold to Norway and renamed Norseman . The ship was decommissioned from 1938 to 1940 due to severe damage. Finally, was Norseman 1942 to Finland to the Finland-America Linjen O / Y in Helsinki sold.
Tornator
Renamed Tornator and registered in the United States , the ship was chartered to Japan . After touching the ground on January 26, 1942 in Omaiski Bay near Omaizaka , the Tornator broke in two and sank on January 30, 1942. All men were rescued.
Technical details
The Selandia was a combined cargo and passenger ship , the riveted steel hull with double bottom had two continuous decks and five holds .
The Selandia was powered by two single-acting eight-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines of the type DM 8150-X. The engine manufacturer Burmeister & Wain from Copenhagen manufactured the machines under license from the developer Rudolf Diesel . Both engines, each with a piston diameter of 53 centimeters and a piston stroke of 73 centimeters, achieved an output of 1250 hp / 920 kW each at a maximum speed of 140 revolutions per minute . The power transmission without an intermediate gear took place directly on two fixed propellers. The ship also had an auxiliary diesel engine with 250 HP / 184 kW. The fuel supply was up to 900 tons.
Sister ships
- Fionia (1911), 1912 to Hapag : Christian X.
- Jutlandia (1912)
literature
- Selandia. A century of diesel propulsion in worldwide shipping . In: Ship & Offshore , No. 2, 2012, DVV Media Group, Hamburg, ISSN 2191-0057 ( PDF file; 5 MB ).
- Selandia, the first seagoing motor ship . In: Schiff & Hafen , Heft 3/2012, p. 50 ff. Seehafen-Verlag, Hamburg 2012, ISSN 0938-1643
- Constanze Sanders: A brilliant idea . In: Deutsche Seeschifffahrt , Heft 6/2012, S. 58/59, Verband Deutscher Reeder eV, Hamburg 2012, ISSN 0948-9002
- Hans-Jürgen Reuß: The first motor ships in intercontinental liner service . In: Hansa , jubilee issue January 2014, pp. 94–100, Schiffahrts-Verlag Hansa C. Schroedter & Co. (GmbH & Co. KG), Hamburg 2014, ISSN 0017-7504 ( full text online , PDF, free of charge, 8 pages, 474 kB).
Movie
- The Selandia and the death of Rudolf Diesel . Documentary, Denmark, 2012, 58 min., Book: Grant Eustace, director: Michael Schmidt-Olsen, production: Chroma Film, German first broadcast: October 26, 2013 on arte , synopsis by ARD .