Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov (entrepreneur)

Sergei Michailowitsch Tretyakov (after a drawing by PF Borels , 1873)

Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov ( Russian Сергей Михайлович Третьяков ; born January 19 ^{. Jul} / 31 January  1834 ^greg. In Moscow , † July 25 ^jul. / 6. August  1892 ^greg. In Peterhof ) was a Russian entrepreneur , art collector and patron .

Life

Tretyakov's father, Michail Sacharowitsch Tretyakov, who at the age of 30 had married the daughter Alexandra of the merchant Danila Ivanovich Borissow, ran small shops in the Moscow trading center and owned a paper dye factory and a textile finishing company . Sergei Tretyakov was the second oldest of 12 children after his older brother Pavel . The two eldest sons were brought up by private tutors, with the father sometimes attending classes himself. Then they were involved in the operation, fulfilled orders from the operations manager, spoke to customers and cleaned up. Despite the differences in character and temperament, the two brothers were very friendly with each other. In 1848 four children died of scarlet fever and their father fell ill too. In his will he appointed his wife Alexandra Danilovna to be the administrator of the entire capital of the company.

Tretyakov House (1880s)

In 1851 the large family moved into a spacious two-story house with a horse stable and coach house in the district on the Moskva River opposite the Kremlin . Pavel, Sergei and their sister Jelisaveta , who married the manager Vladimir Dmitrijewitsch Konschin , lived downstairs , while their mother and younger children lived upstairs. In 1856 Sergei Tretyakov married the sixteen-year-old Jelisaveta Sergejewna Masurina, who died after the birth of the successor Nikolai with the birth of the second child in 1860.

When the two brothers received the right to dispose of the family capital, they founded a joint company with their brother-in-law Konschin: shop for Russian and foreign linen , wool and paper goods of the trading house of brothers P. and S. Tretyakov and W. Konschins in Moscow . Konschin was in charge of direct business operations, Sergei Tretyakov was responsible for foreign trade and Pavel Tretyakov was in charge of bookkeeping and account management. Business was good, so that the brothers in 1866 in Kostroma , a spinning and weaving manufactory opened.

In addition to his job, Sergei Tretyakov was socially active since the beginning of the 1860s. In 1863 he became a voting member of the Moscow city duma . He was a senior man of the Moscow merchants' union (1864–1866), a member of the board of directors of the Russian Music Society (from 1868) and a member of the Slavic Charity Committee (1869–1870). In 1877 he was elected mayor of Moscow. During the Russo-Ottoman War (1877–1878) he initiated a fundraising campaign for the soldiers. He enforced an increase in educational spending and communicated the Sokolniki Grove and the Schirjajewo Pole . In 1880 he inaugurated the Pushkin monument. He was re-elected in 1881, but dismissed early in 1882 and replaced by Boris Nikolayevich Chicherin .

Samjatina-Tretyakova mansion, Moscow

In the early 1870s, Sergei Tretyakov developed a keen interest in Russian art . As a collector, he focused on foreign artists , especially German and French artists, so as not to compete with his brother Pawel. He was particularly interested in the representatives of the Barbizon school and the representatives of academic painting . On the occasion of his second marriage in 1871 he acquired the Samjatina mansion , now known as the Samjatina-Tretyakova mansion. He supported and advised his brother Pawel in setting up his gallery. He persuaded the composer Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein , whom the brothers had known since childhood, to let Ilya Efimowitsch Repin paint him. He advised his brother Pawel not to buy the painting Battle on the Kulikowo Pole by Andrei Matwejewitsch Matvejew , since Matvejew lived in the Netherlands and oriented himself towards the German battles, so the picture did not fit into his collection. Sergei Tretyakov bought, exchanged and sold pictures. He exhibited strange pictures and then gave them back. The result was a collection with the best works by Jean-François Millet , Théodore Rousseau , Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot and Charles-François Daubigny .

Sergei Tretyakov died unexpectedly on the trip to St. Petersburg and was buried in the cemetery of the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. In his will he planned to donate his paintings and his property to the city of Moscow. His brother Pavel Tretyakov followed the will of his brother and made the donation together with the donation of his own collection, which the City Duma accepted with thanks to the brothers in September 1892. In August 1893 the museum for the collections was opened and named after the Tretyakov brothers. Pavel Tretyakov had Ilya Efimovich Repin paint a picture of his brother Sergei based on a photograph.

Web links

Commons : Merchant family Tretyakov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} В. И. Саитов, Б. Л. Модзалевский: Третьяков, Сергей Михайлович . In: Московский некрополь . tape 3 , 1908, pp. 222 ( rsl.ru [accessed December 14, 2017]).
2. ↑ Третьяковы. In: Россия: иллюстрированная энциклопедия . ОЛМА Медиа Групп ,, Moscow 2006, ISBN 5-373-00239-9 , p. 524 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Ненарокомова И. С .: Почётный гражданин Москвы . Молодая гвардия, Moscow 1978, p. 223 .
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Наталья Приймак: Сергей Михайлович Третьяков . In: Третьяковская галере . No. 3 , 2004, p. 62–64 ( tretyakovgallerymagazine.com [PDF; accessed December 14, 2017]).
5. ↑ ^{a b} Чумаков В .: Русский капитал. От Демидовых до Нобелей . НЦ ЭНАС, Moscow 2008, ISBN 978-5-93196-811-7 ( ТРЕТЬЯКОВЫ [accessed December 14, 2017]).
6. ↑ Ненарокомова И .: Павел Третьяков и его галерея . Арт-Родник, Moscow 1998 ( Приношу в дар ... [accessed December 14, 2017]).
7. ↑ Мудрогель Н. А .: О передаче Третьяковской галереи городу Москве, первом каталоге и 200-x посетителях в день ... (accessed December 14, 2017).