Shlomo Pines

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Shlomo Pines (born August 5, 1908 in Charenton-le-Pont ; died January 9, 1990 in Jerusalem ) was an Israeli philosopher.

Life

Shlomo Pines was the son of the Jewish merchant and scholar Meyer Isser Pines. He first grew up in Riga , Arkhangelsk and London , from 1921 he attended school in Berlin , where he graduated from high school. From 1926 to 1934 he studied philosophy and Semitic languages ​​at the University of Heidelberg , the University of Geneva and in Berlin. At the University of Berlin he met the Arabist Paul Kraus and Leo Strauss . In 1932 he went to Paris , but in 1934, after the handover of power to the National Socialists , he received his doctorate in Berlin with a thesis on atomic science in Islam .

From 1937 he taught as a lecturer at the Institut d'Histoire des Sciences of the Sorbonne in Paris. In 1937, he published the article Some Problems of Islamic Philosophy in the journal Islamic culture published by Muhammad Asad in Hyderabad , which enabled a changed reception of post-classical Muslim philosophy.

After the outbreak of war, he and his family managed to flee to Palestine via Marseille in 1940 , and thanks to his language skills he found work in the British Mandate Administration. After the establishment of the State of Israel in 1947, he worked for the Israeli Foreign Ministry.

From 1952 on, Pines taught as a philosophy professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . In 1960 he was accepted into the Israel Academy of Sciences . In 1963, in collaboration with Ralph Lerner and Leo Strauss, he published his translation of Maimonides ' Leader of the Indecisive from Judeo-Arabic into English, which has been the reference edition ever since. Strauss wrote an introductory essay on this. Pines received the Wolf Prize in 1968 and the Rothschild Prize in 1975 .

In 1971, Pines discovered an Arabic copy of the Testimonium Flavianum from the 10th century and later another text by Josephus in a translation by Michael the Syrian from the 12th century.

His grave bears the testimony of Spinoza Homo liber de nulla re minus quam de morte cogitat .

The Shlomo Pines Prize for Outstanding Young Scholars is named after Pines .

Fonts (selection)

Pines' students published a work edition:

  • Volume 1: Studies in Abu'l Barakat al-Baghdadi's Physics and Metaphysics . Magnes Press, Jerusalem / Brill, Leyden, 1979
  • Volume 2: Studies in Arabic Versions of Greek Texts and in Medieval Sciences . Magnes, Jerusalem / Brill, Leyden, 1986
  • Volume 3: Studies in the History of Arabic Philosophy . (Ed.): Sarah Stroumsa . Magnes Press, Jerusalem, 1996
  • Volume 4: Studies in the History of Religion . (Ed.): Sarah Stroumsa . Magnes Press, Jerusalem, 1996
  • Volume 5: Studies in the History of the Jewish Thought . (Ed.): Warren Zev Harvey; Moshe Idel . Magnes Press, Jerusalem, 1997
Single fonts
  • Contributions to the Islamic atomic theory . Leipzig: Harrassowitz, 1936. Berlin, Phil. Diss., 1934.
  • La "Philosophy Orientale" d'Avicenne et sa polémique contre les Bagdadiens. In: Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Ages. Volume 19, 1952, pp. 5-37. Also in: Sarah Stroumsa (Ed.): Shlomo Pines, Studies in the History of Arabic Philosophy. Jerusalem 1996, pp. 301-333.
  • with B. Suler: Avicenna. In: Encyclopaedia Judaica. Volume 3. Jerusalem 1971, col. 955-959.
  • Moses Maimonides, The Guide of the Perplexed . Translated with an Introduction and Notes by Shlomo Pinès, with an Introductory Essay by Leo Strauss. The University of Chicago Press, 1963
  • An Early Meaning of the Term mutakallim , in: Israel Oriental Studies , 1971 (1) pp. 224-240.
  • with Shmuel Sambursky (Ed.): The Concept of Time in Late Neoplatonism. Texts with Translation, Introduction and Notes . The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem 1971
  • An Arabic version of the Testimonium Flavianum and its implications. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem 1971
  • with Yirmiyahu Yovel (Ed.): Maimonides and Philosophy , Dordrecht 1986
  • Gospel quotations and cognate topics in ʿAbd al-Jabbār's Tathbīt in relation to early Christian and Judaeo-Christian readings and traditions. In: Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam. Volume 9, 1987, pp. 195-278.
  • Al-Rāzī, Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā , in: Dictionary of Scientific Biography , Volume 11, 1975, pp. 323-326
  • Maimonides, Rabbi Moses Ben Maimon , in: Dictionary of Scientific Biography , Volume 9, 1974, pp. 27-32

literature

  • Moshe Idel ; Warren Zev Harvey: Shlomo Pines Jubilee Volume on the occasion of his 80th birthday . Jerusalem Studies in the Jewish Thought, VII (1988), volume I.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pines, Meyer Isser , in: Encyclopaedia Judaica , 2008
  2. ↑ Frank Griffel : Everything but Aufruhr , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung , May 28, 2016, p. 17
  3. ^ Shlomo Pines: An Arabic version of the Testimonium Flavianum and its implications . Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1971
  4. ↑ There is nothing the free man thinks less about than death , at Wikiquote
  5. ^ Sarah Stroumsa, CV , at Hebrew University of Jerusalem
personal data
SURNAME Pines, Shlomo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Israeli philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH 5th August 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Charenton-le-Pont
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1990
Place of death Jerusalem