Sibiraea
| Sibiraea | ||||||||||||
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Sibiraea laevigata , in late April with inflorescences and simple leaves |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sibiraea | ||||||||||||
| Maxim. |
Sibiraea sometimes called Blue spars is a genus in the subfamily of spiraeoideae within the family of the rose family (Rosaceae). The only four species are found in western China , Siberia , Kyrgyzstan , Kazakhstan and south-eastern Europe .
description
Appearance and leaves
The Sibiraea species grow as deciduous shrubs and, depending on the species, reach heights of at most 1 ( Sibiraea tomentosa ) up to 2.5 meters ( Sibiraea angustata ). The bark of the strong, terete branches initially hairy depending on the type and fluffy glabrous or even initially bare. The egg-shaped buds have alternately arranged, purple-brown and, depending on the species, at least initially slightly downy or woolly hairy bud scales.
The alternate arranged on the branches leaves are almost sitting. The simple leaf blades have a distinct main nerve and three to five lateral nerves on each side. The leaf margin is smooth. Stipules are missing.
Inflorescences and flowers
In China, the flowering time is in June or July, depending on the species. Sibiraea species are predominantly dioecious, separate sexes ( polygamous dioecious ); the flowers are mostly unisexual, rarely hermaphroditic flowers are also present. The terminally standing on an inflorescence stem, dense, ährigen inflorescences are composed of many-flowered, rispigen part inflorescences. The bracts are lanceolate and entire. The flower stalk is short.
The relatively small flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The flower cup (hypanthium) is flat, bell-shaped. The five upright sepals have a smooth edge and a pointed upper end and are also present on the fruits. The five white, free petals are longer than the sepals. The male flowers contain 20 to 25 stamens ; they are a little longer or a little shorter than the petals. The female flowers contain five carpels and rudimentary staminodes that are only fused at their base .
Fruits and seeds
The upright, long-ellipsoidal follicles open at the ventral seam and near their upper end and usually contain two seeds. The seeds are very large.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Sibiraea was set up in 1879 by Karl Johann Maximowicz in Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botaničeskago Sada , Volume 6, pp. 213-215. The type species is Sibiraea laevigata (L.) Maxim. The genus name Sibiraea refers to the origin of the type material Siberia.
The genus Sibiraea belongs to the tribe Spiraeeae in the subfamily of Spiraeoideae within the family of Rosaceae . The Sibiraea species are very similar and are sometimes all placed in one type of Sibiraea laevigata .
The genus Sibiraea is common in western China , Siberia , Kyrgyzstan , Kazakhstan and southeastern Europe. There are three species in China, two of them only there.
The genus Sibiraea contains only four species:
- Sibiraea angustata (Rehder) Hand.-Mazz. (Syn .: Sibiraea laevigata var. Angustata Rehder ): It only thrives on the Qinghai – Tibet plateau in open forests, on slopes and roadsides in valleys at altitudes between 3000 and 4000 meters in the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Qinghai , Sichuan , Xizang as well as Yunnan .
- Sibiraea laevigata (L.) Maxim. (Syn .: Spiraea laevigata L. , Sibiraea altaiensis (Laxm.) CKSchneid. , Sibiraea glaberrima K.S.Hao , Spiraea altaica Pallas , Spiraea altaiensis Laxm. ): It thrives in China in open forests, on slopes, on meadows and on the banks of Rivers. It colonizes a disjoint area , with the Asian and European populations being over 5000 km apart. In Southeastern Europe it occurs only in Bosnia and Croatia. The Asian area includes Kazakhstan , Siberia and China. In China it occurs in southern Gansu (Min Xian, Xigu), eastern Qinghai (Haiyan Xian, Xining Shi) and eastern Xizang (Sog Xian).
- Sibiraea tianschanica (Krasn.) Pojark. : It occurs in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan . This species has a limited range. It was not collected for a few years. The stocks are decreasing due to the expansion of agriculture, development for tourism and settlement infrastructure. It israted inthe IUCN 2007Red List of Threatened Speciesas "critically endangered".
- Sibiraea tomentosa Diels : It thrives on slopes, banks of rivers and wet locations on rocks at altitudes between 3500 and 4000 meters only in northwestern Yunnan.
swell
- Gu Cuizhi & Crinan Alexander: Sibiraea . In: Wu Zheng-yi & Peter H. Raven (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 9 - Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and Saint Louis, May 1, 2003, p. 73, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 (sections description, distribution and systematics)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Gu Cuizhi & Crinan Alexander: Sibiraea . In: Wu Zheng-yi & Peter H. Raven (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 9 - Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and Saint Louis, May 1, 2003, p. 73, ISBN 1-930723-14-8
- ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ^ Sibiraea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed September 1, 2013.
- ^ Sibiraea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
- ↑ David Gledhill: The Names of Plants , 3rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2002. ISBN 978-0-521-81863-6 : Full-text PDF , p. 266
- ↑ Daniel Potter, Shannon M. Still, T. Grebenc & D. Ballian: Phylogenetic relationships in tribe Spiraeeae (Rosaceae) inferred from nucleotide sequence data , In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 266, 2007, pp. 105-118. doi: 10.1007 / s00606-007-0544-z
- ↑ Yizhong Duan, Qingbo Gao, Faqi Zhang, Yinghu Li, Pengcheng Fu, Shilong Chen: Phylogeographic analysis of the endemic species Sibiraea angustata reveals a marginal refugium in the Qinghai – Tibet Plateau , In: Nordic Journal of Botany , Volume 29, Issue 5 , 2011, pp. 615-624. doi: 10.1111 / j.1756-1051.2011.00999.x
- ↑ Sibiraea tianschanica in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2013. Posted by: Participants of the FFI / IUCN SSC Central Asian regional tree Red Listing workshop, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2007. Retrieved on September 1, 2013.
