Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary

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The Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary detects the vocabulary of about 250 Transylvanian Saxon local dialects in their phonetic, grammatical and meaning-character and is thus one of the large scenic Dictionary of German .

Characteristic

The design of the dictionary is mainly aimed at meaning analysis, phonetic-grammatical questions, word formation patterns and synonymy. The order of the lemmas is alphabetical. The dictionary articles basically consist of three parts: the sound head with all occupied sound forms, semantic structure with sentence examples, listing of compound words. Synonym references attach to the respective meanings. In the case of borrowings from other languages, mostly Romanian and Hungarian, the etymology is given at the end of the word article.

A specialty of the dictionary design is the inclusion of the Transylvanian document language (from the middle of the 13th century to 1848). These documents are presented from the point of view of their importance for the dialectic influence on the written German language in Transylvania and for the history of the German language.

The dictionary covers the general vocabulary in all areas of rural life, it takes into account dialect folk and art poetry, includes proverbs, puzzles and children's games as well as borrowings taken from Romanian and Hungarian. In addition to proper names, there are all toponomastic designations in the broadest sense, but no personal names, except for those given names that have numerous phonetic variants or also appear as generic names.

The dictionary, which documents a dialect in decline, is also of interest for inland German dialect research, as Transylvanian-Saxon has preserved many ancient language features that German dialects can no longer prove. This makes the Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary a reference work for linguists, folklorists, sociologists, historians and anyone interested in the dialect of this German-language island.

history

The actual dictionary is based on Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary samples and preparatory work (from the second half of the 19th century). The note material collected by Johann Wolff (1844–1893) (26 folders containing around 10,000 notes) was given to Adolf Schullerus (1864–1928), who determined the following dictionary work until his death. The individual letters are distributed among different editors, so that between 1924 and 1931 the letters from A – F and R – Salarist were edited. After the death of the employees, there was a 40-year break in dictionary work.

1956 begins a new stage in dictionary history. The Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary has been the subject of a scientific agreement between the Romanian Academy in Bucharest and the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin since 1956, and the Saxon Academy in Leipzig (Federal Republic of Germany) since 1980 . It is being developed within the framework of the Research Institute for the Humanities in Sibiu / Hermannstadt. The institute is subordinate to the Romanian Academy. The dictionary's slip archive is owned by the Romanian Academy.

In 1957 Prof. B. Capesius took over the dictionary management, the letters G, H, I, J and K were worked out and published between 1971 and 1975. In 1973 Prof. Capesius retired and Anneliese Thudt took over the management of the dictionary. The letters L, M, N, O, P are worked out and are available as typescripts. In 1986 Anneliese Thudt retired and Sigrid Haldenwang became the head of the dictionary. The letters Qu, R are worked out; Volume L is published in 1993, Volume M in 1998. Since the beginning of 1996, the dictionary has been financially supported by a program sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation (Federal Republic of Germany), which pursues the development of German studies at the Lucian Blaga University in Sibiu / Hermannstadt. The dictionary is included as a sub-project. The funding takes place within the framework of a scientific collaboration between the University of Sibiu / Hermannstadt and the Mainz Academy of Sciences and Literature.

Sources and material base

The vocabulary archive, which has been compiled by trained and untrained voluntary collectors as well as individual editors over the course of about a hundred years, now comprises about 2 million pieces of paper.

Publication status

  • Volume 1 (A - C) 1924
  • Volume 2 (D - F) 1926
  • Volume 3 (G) 1971
  • Volume 4 (H-J) 1972
  • Volume 5 (K) 1975
  • Volume 6 (L) 1993
  • Volume 7 (M) 1998
  • Volume 8 (N - P) 2002
  • Volume 9 (R - Salariat) 1931, revision (Q - R) 2006
  • Volume 10 (S - Sche) 2015

See also

Web links

literature

  • B. Capesius: The Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary, in: New Literature (Journal of the Writers' Union 1956–1985, Timisoara; from 1959 Bucharest), 12 (1961), Issue 5, pp. 121–126.
  • B. Capesius: Essence and Becoming of the Transylvanian-Saxon, in: Forschungsungen zur Volks- und Landeskunde 8 (1965), Issue 1, pp. 5-27.
  • S. Haldenwang: The Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary within German dialect research. Characteristics and structure, in: German language and literature in Southeast Europe. Archiving and editing. Contributions from the Tübingen symposium from 25. – 27. June 1992. Ed. H. Fassel and A. Schwob, Munich 1966, pp. 126-132.
  • S. Haldenwang: Collections of the Sibiu dictionary section, in: European cultural landscape of Transylvania. Reflection on a scientific documentation (cultural monuments Transylvania, vol. 3). Ed. V. A. Schenk, Thaur near Innsbruck 1995, pp. 134-139.
  • S. Haldenwang: Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary, in: Scientific Lexicography in the German-Speaking Area, on behalf of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences ed. by Thomas Städtler, Heidelberg 2003, pp. 355–361.
  • KK Klein: A. Schullerus and the Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary, in: Transsylvanica, Munich 1963, pp. 40–52.
  • K. Rein: The Bavarian part of the Transylvanian-Saxon language according to the maps of the Transylvanian-Saxon language atlas, in: Südostdeutsches Archiv 6 (1963), pp. 24-64.
  • G. Richter, A. Thudt: Results of the new dialectic recordings in the Unterwald (southwestern part of southern Transylvania), in: Research on Folklore and Regional Studies 7 (1964), Issue 1, pp. 91-108.
  • G. Richter: B. Capesius - 80 years old, in: Forschungsungen zur Volks- und Landeskunde 13 (1970), Issue 1, pp. 131–132.
  • A. Schullerus: Foreword to Volume 1 of the Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary. Berlin - Leipzig 1924, pp. IX-LXXII; see. also foreword to the Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary, vol. 3 (G). Bucharest - Berlin 1971, pp. I – XIV.
  • Brigitte Stephani: Transylvanian-Saxon dictionary. In: Tribuna României. The German side (Bucharest), XIV / 312, March 15, 1986.
  • A. Thudt: In the light of language. 50 years since the death of the Transylvanian folklorist A. Schullerus, in: Neuer Weg. Kulturbeilage (Bucharest 1966–1985) of October 1, 1977, p. 4.