Thuringian dictionary

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The Thuringian Dictionary (ThWb) is one of the large-scale dialect dictionaries of German.

Characteristic

The ThWb is a general dictionary of the dialectal and regional lexicons of Thuringia with alphabetical order and key words based on the written language. The vocabulary is presented in its meaning, its phonetic and grammatical form, in its spatial distribution, in its linguistic context and its relation to social classes as well as in its subject and ethnological context. An extensive reference system serves the onomasiological explanation of the lexicon . The ThWb is aimed at scientists as well as lay people interested in linguistic and folklore.

The working area covers an area with approx. 2,800 places, in which mainly Thuringian and Main Franconian dialects , but also East Faelic, are spoken. It is the area of ​​today's Free State of Thuringia, the south of the state of Saxony-Anhalt up to the ik / I line to the left of the Saale and the northern part of the Bavarian district of Coburg (area of ​​the former Thuringian duchy of Saxony-Coburg ). An overlap with the Hesse-Nassau Folk Dictionary results from the inclusion of evidence from the Thuringian- speaking Ringgau in the west of the region . Mainly the dialect and regional vocabulary of the 2nd half of the 19th and the 1st half of the 20th century is recorded. Historical vocabulary is only included in a selection.

The supporting institutions of the Thuringian dictionary were the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Philosophical Faculty, Institute for German Linguistics) and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig (project-accompanying commission “Dialect dictionaries”).

history

The company was founded in 1907 as a project by the Association for Thuringian History and Archeology. First collective work with the support of the German Department of the University of Jena (Victor Michels, Gustav Kirchner) until the mid-1920s. 1930 Formation of the regional office for Thuringian dialect research (head: Herman Hucke), affiliation to the University of Jena. Vocabulary collections through four large questionnaires. 1939 Closure of the dictionary section. Destruction of valuable material stocks during World War II. 1949 resumption of work, 1952 formation of the institute for dialect research at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena, from 1954 participation of the German Academy of Sciences. Elaboration of the Thuringian dialect atlas, again questionnaires. In 1962 H. Hucke resigned for reasons of age and Karl Spangenberg took over the management of the dictionary section. 1966 Beginning of the publication of the ThWb. 1968 Dissolution of the Institute for Dialect Research, incorporation into the German Studies department of the Linguistics Section at the University of Jena. Since 1970 cooperation with the Saxon Academy as the second supporting institution. After completing the Thuringian Dictionary in 2006, the job was converted into the “Thuringian Dialect Research Unit”.

The linguist Almut König ( Bavarian Academy of Sciences / Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg ) criticized in August 2018 that the Thuringian dictionary has not been continued and that too little has been done to research the development of the dialects spoken in Thuringia since then.

Sources and material base

The dictionary department archive contains around 5.5 million word references. 1.3 million of them are lemmatized on individual notes. 4.2 million receipts are entered on 3,300 hand-drawn language cards and can be called up using reference slips in the card archive. The evidence was collected through questionnaire surveys (45 between 1913 and 1965, in up to 2,500 locations), through direct surveys (field studies on dissertations and theses, tape recordings) as well as through excerpts from local and regional dictionaries and the available dialectological specialist literature on the field of work the Thuringian dialect poetry and from historical sources (municipal ordinances, inventories, document books, etc.). The records from numerous handwritten dialect collections and from helper letters were also included in the archive. In addition to the document archive and the language card collection, the authors have access to card catalogs for handling the synonym and cross-reference system. The reference library of the work place comprises around 2,500 titles.

publication

  • Start of publication 1966
  • Volume 1 (A - D) 1999
  • Volume 2 (E - scrape down) 2004
  • Volume 3 (belappen - K) 2006
  • Volume 4 (L - Q) 1975
  • Volume 5 (R-S) 1982
  • Volume 6 (T-Z) 1990
  • Graduated in 2006 with six volumes
  • Supplement "Sound and Form Inventory of Thuringian Dialects" 1993

literature

  • L. Hertel: Thüringer Sprachschatz 1895. Reprint, Sendet Reprint Verlag, Hans R. Wohlwend, Vaduz / Liechtenstein 1985.
  • W. Lösch: On the history of the Thuringian dictionary. In: History of selected work projects. Edited by H. Penzlin, Stuttgart / Leipzig 1999, pp. 97–122 (Yearbook of the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig 1971. 1972 ff.).
  • Spangenberg, Karl / Schrickel, Herbert: New language territory. Observations on recent linguistic changes in the countryside. In: Scientific journal of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (abbr. WZ-FSU, GS series) 9 (1959/60) 3, 335–342.
  • K. Spangenberg: On the current state of Thuringian dialect research. In: WZ-FSU (GS series) 13 (1964) 1, 119-124.
  • K. Spangenberg: Preliminary remarks on the Thuringian dictionary. In: WZ-FSU (GS series) 14 (1965) 3, 557-562.
  • K. Spangenberg: Dialect research. In: WZ-FSU (GS series) 16 (1967) 2/3, 307-312.
  • K. Spangenberg: Language sociology and dialect research. In: WZ-FSU (GS series) 16 (1967) 5, 567-575.
  • K. Spangenberg: For research into the Henneberg language area. In: WZ-FSU (GS series) 34 (1985) 1, 21-35.
  • Susanne Wiegand: Bibliography of the scientific work of Karl Spangenberg. In: Colloquial languages ​​and dialects in the GDR. In: Scientific contributions from the Friedrich Schiller University Jena 1986, 7–11.
  • K. Spangenberg: 80 years of Thuringian dictionary - historical career and scientific objectives, dialect lexicography. In: Scientific contributions from the Friedrich Schiller University Jena 1988, pp. 14–26
  • K. Spangenberg: The colloquial language in the Free State of Thuringia and in the southwest of the State of Saxony-Anhalt. Rudolstadt 1998.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stefan Hantzschmann: Expert: Too little research on Thuringian dialects - Interview with linguist Almut König , Südthüringer Zeitung, August 20, 2018