Military cemetery on Hildesheimer Strasse

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Until 1926, parallel to each other: the Catholic churchyard and the soldiers churchyard between Maschstraße and Alte Hildesheimer Straße in front of the Aegidientor ;
Plan of Hanover and the surrounding area by inspectors Pentz and Bennefeld (excerpt); Copper engraving from 1807 by Franz in Berlin
The military cemetery and the Catholic cemetery in front of the Gasthaus König von Hannover 1825 left of Hildesheimer Strasse in the course of today's Höltystrasse;
India ink drawing from 1825, unknown artist; Original in the possession of the Historisches Museum Hannover

The military cemetery on Hildesheimer Strasse, also known as the soldiers' cemetery or Invalidenfriedhof , was a cemetery on the old Hildesheimer Strasse in front of the Aegidientor in what would later become the southern part of Hanover .

History and description

The oldest known cemetery for invalids in the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg was maintained until well into the Thirty Years' War "by the churchyard of the younger Marienkapelle in front of the Aegidientore", roughly at the beginning of the later Prinzenstrasse. After Duke Georg , Prince of Calenberg took residence in Hanover in 1636 and the subsequent expansion of the city ​​fortifications of Hanover due to the war , the Marienkapelle was demolished in 1645 and the old cemetery for invalids was abandoned in favor of the construction of a large Ravelin in front of the Aegidientor for defense . In the same war year, 1645, the new military cemetery was laid out on the old Hildesheimer Strasse, which continued for more than two centuries through what was later to be named Höltystrasse.

Directly next to the military cemetery , the Catholic cemetery was laid out in 1669, also to the south and still outside the city ​​walls , which was expanded at the beginning of the Electorate of Hanover in 1692 to the later Maschstrasse.

During the time of the Kingdom of Hanover , an ink drawing was made in 1825 that shows an almost rural idyll in front of the two cemeteries, which are only secured by an open wooden gate. The portrait, which is animated by walkers, carriage drivers and people on horseback, also shows the adjoining, towering half-timbered building of the Ausspannwirtschaft König von Hannover : "Travelers who did not want to be reported used to stay here in the stately inn outside the city gates". Also on the Chaussee to Hildesheim , there was a boundary stone in an open field opposite , which the draftsman marked with the year 1825.

Part of each of the two parallel cemeteries was abandoned in favor of the new junction of Hildesheimer Straße, while the old street layout was given its current name Höltystraße in 1865.

The remaining areas of the Catholic and the military cemetery were released for building in 1926. On part of it, the first library tower in Germany was built during the Weimar Republic from 1926 to 1929, thanks to the tower of the Hanover city library built under Karl Elkart .

At the time of National Socialism - parallel to the construction of the Maschsee - in the course of the design of the green area around the Vogelteich, the later Vierthalerteich , "two gravestones from the military cemetery on Hildesheimer Strasse" were translocated into the south wall of the bastion at the Arthur-Menge-Brunnen : That of court and field trumpeter Bernhard Kreite (1614–1648) and that for Johann Christian Schernhagen (* 1692).

Lost original drawing

The original of the ink drawing of the situation in front of the military cemetery, dated 1825, is considered lost. A reproduction based on a cliché can be found in the Historisches Museum am Hohen Ufer .

See also

Remarks

  1. ↑ Notwithstanding, the year 1648 is given as the construction date of the military cemetery, compare Wolfgang Neß : The development of the main arterial roads. In: Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover, Part 1, [Bd.] 10.1 , ISBN 3-528-06203-7 , pp. 117f.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Helmut Zimmermann : Arthur-Menge-Brunnen , in ders .: Hannover in the pocket. Buildings and monuments from A to Z , 2nd expanded edition, Hanover: Heinrich Feesche Verlag, 1988, ISBN 3-87223-0468 , p. 13f.
  2. ↑ a b Compare the section of the map of Hanover and the surrounding area taken in 1807 by the engineers Pentz and Bennefeld and engraved by Franz in Berlin
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Arnold Nöldeke : St. Johannis-Friedhof and Invalidenfriedhof. In: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Hannover Vol. 1, H. 2, Teil 1, Hannover, Selbstverlag der Provinzialverwaltung, Theodor Schulzes Buchhandlung, 1932 (Neudruck Verlag Wenner, Osnabrück 1979, ISBN 3-87898-151-1 ), p. 257
  4. ↑ a b c d e Bernhard Dörries , Helmut Plath : Die alte Hildesheimer Straße , in this: Alt-Hannover 1600 - 1900 / The history of a city in contemporary images from 1600 - 1900 , fourth, improved edition, Hanover: Heinrich Feesche Verlag , 1977, ISBN 3-87223-0247 , pp. 91, 138
  5. ^ A b Helmut Zimmermann: Hildesheimer Straße and Höltystraße , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover. Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , pp. 117, 119
  6. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Residenzrezess (contract). In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 521.
  7. ^ Helmut Knocke : City fortifications. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 585
  8. ^ Arnold Nöldeke: St. Mary's Chapel in front of the Aegidientore (broken off in 1645) , in which: The art monuments of the province of Hanover ... , p. 212f.
  9. ↑ Wolfgang Neß: The development of the main arterial roads. In: Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany, architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover, Part 1, [Bd.] 10.1 , ISBN 3-528-06203-7 , pp. 117f.
  10. ^ Daniel Gardemin: The story , in ders .: Waldhausen - a district develops in the history of Hanover , reprint of the 2nd edition from 1987, Groß Oesingen: Druckhaus Harms, 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-046207-8 , p 5-36; here: p. 29
  11. ^ Dagmar Brand: Wintergärten IV / Utopia - gardens of the future. Art campaign in Güntherstrasse - Döhrener Turm - Vierthalerteich , accompanying document to the exhibition of the same name from November 2, 2008 to February 28, 2009, passim

Coordinates: 52 ° 21 ′ 59.9 "  N , 9 ° 44 ′ 43.5"  E