Narrow-leaved hedgehog cob

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Narrow-leaved hedgehog cob
Sparganium angustifolium.jpg

Narrow-leaved hedgehog ( Sparganium angustifolium )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Cattail family (Typhaceae)
Genre : Hedgehog Cob ( Sparganium )
Type : Narrow-leaved hedgehog cob
Scientific name
Sparganium angustifolium
Michx.

The narrow-hedgehog piston ( Sparganium angustifolium ) is a plant of the genus hedgehog piston ( Sparganium ) within the family of typhaceae (Typhaceae). This aquatic plant is widespread in the northern hemisphere .

description

illustration
inflorescence

The narrow-leaved hedgehog's cob grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 1 to 2 meters. The leaves are mostly flooding on the water surface, rarely upright, narrow, grass-like, drawn out into a long point, flat or arched on the back, without a keel, 2 to 5, rarely up to 10 millimeters wide, the flooding mostly in the upper part without protruding median nerve.

The flowering period extends from June to August. The inflorescence stem is equipped with about eight leaves, these are 5 to 8 millimeters wide. Usually it is the only part of the plant that protrudes above the water surface. One to four female and usually two to four (one to six) male head-shaped partial inflorescences are present in a racemose whole inflorescence , these are very close to each other. The lowest bracts are with a length of 10 to 50 centimeters more than twice as long as the total inflorescence. The scars are thread-like and less than 1.2 millimeters long.

The fruit has a pointed beak.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.

ecology

The narrow-leaved hedgehog's cob is a hydrophyte . It is usually around 0.5 meters, up to 2 meters deep in nutrient-poor and clean ( oligotrophic ) waters above lime-poor, but base-rich, slightly acidic, sandy-gravelly to muddy ground. It is characteristic of a separate plant community of the Isoetion association (named after the sea ​​bream ), it occasionally occurs together with other rare aquatic plants with similar ecological requirements such as the beach lobster ( Littorella uniflora ) and water lobelia ( Lobelia dortmanna ).

Occurrence

The narrow-leaved hedgehog cob is widespread in the northern hemisphere in North America , Europe and in Asia in northwestern Siberia . In Europe, its area extends from the southern European mountains across the Alps to Norway in northern Europe and Great Britain (boreal-montane). In the south, for example, it occurs in the Sierra de Gredos in Spain.

In the lowlands of Central Europe , the narrow-leaved hedgehog is very rare west of the Elbe ; east of it it occurs sporadically in Lausitz (now extinct here); it is more often found in the montane to subalpine altitude range in the Alps, rarely also in the Swiss Jura . Since it avoids lime, it prefers the central Alps. The narrow-leaved hedgehog usually forms smaller populations at its locations, but its flooding leaves are a characteristic element in numerous small mountain lakes in the high mountains. It thrives in 30–120 centimeters water depth. In Germany it is widespread in a few places in the Black Forest (today only in the Feldsee am Feldberg ) and in the Allgäu ; In the northwestern German lowlands it is almost extinct, the occurrences in Lausitz and in the Bavarian Forest have already died out. In Switzerland, it is still quite widespread, especially in the subalpine altitude level of the Central Alps. It is quite common in Scotland and Scandinavia. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises from 1650 meters on the Schlappolt-Alpe below the mountain station of the Fellhorn cable car in Bavaria to 1900 meters above sea level in a pool at the Höferspitze near the Widderstein in Vorarlberg.

The species forms hybrids with the simple hedgehog cob ( Sparganium emersum ). In terms of water quality, these are somewhat less demanding and can be more common regionally.

Taxonomy

Sparganium angustifolium Michx. has the synonyms: Sparganium simplex Muhl. , Sparganium affine Schnizl. , Sparganium vaginatum Larss. , Sparganium borderi Focke .

literature

  • Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 8: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclasses Commelinidae part 2, Arecidae, Liliidae part 2): Juncaceae to Orchidaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3359-8 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volume 5: Swan flower plants to duckweed plants , Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  • Robert B. Kaul: Sparganiaceae F. Rudolphi : Sparganium angustifolium , p. 276, the same text online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 22: Magnoliophyta: Alismatidae, Arecidae, Commelinidae (in part), and Zingiberidae , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2000, ISBN 0-19-513729-9 .
  • R. Hildebrandt-Vogel, R. Wittig: Distribution, socialization and ecology of Sparganium angustifolium Michx. and Sparganium minimum Wallr. In North Rhine-Westphalia. In Phytocoenologia , Volume 15, Issue 3, 1987, pp. 353-372.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  117 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 121-122.
  3. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Sparganium angustifolium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 24, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Narrow-leaved Hedgehog ( Sparganium angustifolium )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files