St-Didier (Villiers-le-Bel)
The Catholic parish church of Saint-Didier in Villiers-le-Bel , a parish in the Val-d'Oise department in the French region of Île-de-France , was started in the 13th century in the Gothic style . Further construction phases followed in the 15th and 16th centuries, in which the church was redesigned in the late Gothic and Renaissance styles . In the 17th century the church received a baroque interior . The church has been on the list of architectural monuments in France as Monument historique since 1931 .
history
In a document from 1124, the previous church, which was subordinate to the Abbey of Saint-Victor in Paris, is mentioned. This church received relics of the Bishop of Évreux , St. Ethernus, to whom the church was originally dedicated.
In the 13th century, work began on today's church. The facade and the wall of the south aisle have been preserved from this period. The mighty transept was built around 1220 . The right-angled choir was added between 1486 and 1498, and the main and side aisles were newly vaulted between 1546 and 1579. In 1575 a new crossing tower was built . In the 16th century, the aristocratic Montmorency family acquired the right of patronage and commissioned artists and craftsmen such as the glass painters Nicolas Deloys and Antoine Porcher, who also worked on other buildings in the family, to design the building. At the request of Anne de Montmorency , the church received relics of St. Desiderius of Langres (Didier de Langres), the Bishop of Langres , whose patronage the church now owns.
The wealth generated with grain and viticulture made the baroque interior possible in the 17th century. In 1672 a chapel was added to the north aisle . Extensive restoration work was carried out in the 19th century and the bell tower was rebuilt. As the southwestern crossing pier had shifted, the tower had become unstable and had to be demolished again in 2007. It was rebuilt true to the original while retaining the roof truss and roof. In 2010 the work was completed and the four bells were reinstalled.
architecture
Exterior construction
The entrance, from one located on the south side basket arch framed and with a tympanum in flamboyant decorated portal from the 16th century. The buttresses on the south side are marked with the dates (1572, 1550 and 1554) and sculpted structures. False gargoyles with naked figures, which are interpreted as Adam and Eve, protrude from two buttresses .
inner space
The three-aisled nave is divided into four bays . The single-bay transept is located between the choir and the nave. A triforium with three-pass arches , over which a rose window opens, runs over the pointed arcades of the transept arms . The front of the choir is broken through by a four-part tracery window in the flamboyant style.
The main nave is spanned by a net vault with large, sculpted keystones . The arcades of the south aisle rest on hexagonal pillars and half-columns, the capitals of which are decorated with small figures. The pilasters and half-columns on the north side have Corinthian capitals in the Renaissance style and are decorated with angel heads.
Some of the remains of wall paintings are still preserved. Christ is depicted on a column in the choir, a fragment of a painted Stations of the Cross , which is dated to the end of the Middle Ages . The apostle Peter can be seen on another column in the choir .
From the lead glass windows of the 13th century, only one pane with a depiction of an angel's head remains. It is built into the tracery of a window in the south aisle.
Furnishing
The high altar was created in 1635. On the paintings are St. Desiderius, the patron saint of the Church, and St. Viktor, the patron saint of Saint-Victor Abbey, to which the church belonged until the 16th century.
organ
The organ front made of oak comes from the 17th century. In the 18th century the organ was rebuilt several times by the organ builders Jean Somer and Deschamps. The wooden panels of the organ gallery are decorated with reliefs and depict scenes from the life of St. Desiderius. Parts from the 16th century were probably reused. A large gilded angel figure with a trombone is enthroned on the organ case. In 1939 the organ was added to the list of historical monuments . In 1982 it was restored by the organ builder Pascal Quoirin. The instrument has 27 registers on three manuals and a pedal. The actions are mechanical.
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literature
- Dominique Foussard, Charles Huet, Mathieu Lours: Églises du Val-d'Oise. Pays de France, Vallée de Montmorency . Société d'Histoire et d'Archéologie de Gonesse et du Pays de France, 2nd edition, Gonesse 2011, ISBN 978-2-9531554-2-6 , pp. 306-312.
- Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos (ed.): Le Guide du Patrimoine. Île-de-France . Hachette, 2nd edition, Paris 1994, ISBN 2-01-016811-9 , pp. 723-724.
- Georges Poisson (ed.): Dictionnaire des Monuments d'Île de France . Éditions Hervas, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84334-002-0 , p. 878.
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Val-d'Oise . Flohic Éditions, Volume 1, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-84234-056-6 , pp. 1121-1123.
Web links
- Église Saint-Eterne (ancienne) or église Saint-Didier in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- Organ of Saint-Didier in Villiers-le-Bel in the base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 49 ° 0 ′ 29.8 " N , 2 ° 23 ′ 21.3" E