St-Julien-de-Brioude (Marolles-en-Brie)

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Parish Church of Saint-Julien-de-Brioude
View from the east
North wall of the Carolingian chapel with herringbone pattern

The Catholic parish church of Saint-Julien-de-Brioude in Marolles-en-Brie , a parish in the Val-de-Marne department in the French region of Île-de-France , was built in the 12th century on the site of a Carolingian chapel . The church, dedicated to the martyr Julianus von Brioude , is considered the oldest in the department. In 1909, the church was added to the list of architectural monuments in France as Monument historique .

history

As early as the 9th century there was a small chapel on the site of today's church, the herringbone north wall of which is still preserved today. In the 11th century the basement of the bell tower was built. At the end of the 11th century the chapel came into the possession of the cathedral chapter of the Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris and in 1117 the Bishop of Paris donated the chapel of Marolles to the monks of the priory of Saint-Martin-des-Champs with the order to build one there Building church. In the years that followed, the choir , apses and bell tower were built in the style of transition from Romanesque to Gothic . In the 17th century, a new nave was built using the north wall of the Carolingian chapel . In the 18th century the nave was extended to the west. A stone to the right of the central window, in which the year 1768 is carved, reminds of the completion of the west facade. The dilapidated northern apse, which served as the sacristy , was demolished in 1870. In 1945 the open vestibule was built over the portal.

During the excavations in the 1970s, the original floor of the Carolingian choir and the stone altar from the 12th century were exposed again. The skeletons of the monks who were reburied under the choir were also discovered. In two wall niches, which were also rediscovered during the excavations, smaller finds are exhibited.

architecture

inner space

Exterior construction

The bell tower, built on a square floor plan, is supported at the corners by buttresses. It features a gable roof covered and is on the upper floor on all four sides by large, arched sound arcades broken. A round stair tower is built on the southwest corner. Of the two lateral apses, only the southern one has survived. It is covered by stone slabs and is crowned with a stone cross with three concentric circles. Three large arched windows are cut into the larger central apse, which is divided by buttresses that are stepped several times.

inner space

The two- bay monk choir from the 12th century adjoins the single-nave nave in the east . It has a ribbed vault and ends in a semicircular apse.

Capitals

The pillars in the choir have capitals decorated with over forty different motifs. They depict human figures, angels, heads, animals and fantasy beings, stylized leaves, garlands and intertwined ribbons.

  • Capitals

  • capital

  • Capitals

  • Capitals

Choir window

Jesus Christ is depicted as the Good Shepherd on the central choir window . The stained glass window was created in 1944 by the glass painter Albert Martin from a cardboard box made by Maurice Denis before his death in 1943.

Alabaster relief

Furnishing

  • The recovered stone altar from the 12th century was placed in the central apse.
  • The alabaster relief depicting the baptism of Jesus is dated to the 16th century.
  • The wooden crucifix on the north wall of the nave also dates from the 16th century .

literature

  • Explanatory text in the church
  • Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos (ed.): Le Guide du Patrimoine. Ile-de-France . Hachette, 2nd edition, Paris 1994, ISBN 2-01-016811-9 , p. 407.
  • Georges Poisson (ed.): Dictionnaire des Monuments d'Île-de-France . Éditions Hervas, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84334-002-0 , p. 491.
  • Anne Prache: Romanesque Île-de-France (Paris and surroundings) . Echter Verlag, Würzburg 1987, ISBN 3-429-01029-2 , pp. 405-408.

Web links

Commons : Saint-Julien-de-Brioude (Marolles-en-Brie)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Église Saint-Julien-de-Brioude in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)

Coordinates: 48 ° 43 ′ 56.1 ″  N , 2 ° 33 ′ 3 ″  E