St. Joseph (Munich)
St. Joseph , also called Josephskirche , is the second Catholic parish church in Maxvorstadt in Munich . Erected in neo-baroque style from 1898 to 1902 according to plans by Hans Schurr . Since its foundation, it has been a religious order of the Capuchins for a long time .
location
St. Joseph (Josephsplatz 1) is located at the eastern end of Josephsplatz on the northern border between Maxvorstadt and the Schwabing-West district . Your tower is the vanishing point of Augustenstrasse , one of the most important south-north connections in Maxvorstadt. It plays a dominant role in northern Maxvorstadt.
history
After Maxvorstadt had been completely built up by 1900, the question of new parishes for the people in the new building areas became acute. Therefore the pastor of St. Ludwig suggested building another church in the area of today's Josephsplatz. In 1896, the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising asked the provincial chapter of the Capuchins to establish a convent to which a new pastoral care office was to be attached. Soon after approval, the Capuchins established a convent in northern Maxvorstadt. In 1898 the foundation stone for the parish church was laid. On June 15, 1902, it was consecrated by Archbishop Franz Josef von Stein. St. Joseph also became a branch church of St. Ludwig . On September 19, 1913, Archbishop Franz von Bettinger elevated St. Joseph to a parish and entrusted pastoral care to the Fathers of the Capuchin Order , who took care of it for a long time. During the Second World War , St. Joseph was almost destroyed in an air raid on June 13, 1944 when two high explosive bombs hit the ground. only the tower showed minor damage. The entire interior was also lost, the art-historically most significant pieces of which were the 14 monumental Stations of the Cross by Gebhard Fugel .
In the heavily destroyed Maxvorstadt - around three quarters of the population was homeless - cellars were initially used as an emergency church. In 1946 a wooden emergency church was built on Josephsplatz. After the reconstruction of the neo-baroque church had been decided, the reconstruction began in 1950 with the removal of the rubble from the nave. It was completed with the consecration of the high altar on July 6, 1952 by Auxiliary Bishop Anton Scharnagl.
In 1966, Karl Czudnochowsky cast five bells . The strike tone sequence a 0 –cis 1 –e 1 –fis 1 –gis 1 is matched to that of the Protestant Kreuzkirche . The large Trinity Bell weighs 2,963 kg. All bells hang in the octagon and ring every Sunday in the plenum before the main service.
From 1984 to 1990 a general renovation took place, which stabilized the substance of the post-war building. At the same time, the barrel vault was given delicate stucco and decorative rosettes . Thus, the neo-baroque impression of the room has been restored in a greatly reduced form.
architecture
The church was built as a neo-baroque, barrel-vaulted wall pillar basilica with a retracted polygonal choir of considerable dimensions. It is 79 meters long and 31 meters wide. The top of the vault rises 24 meters above the floor of the church. The tower measures 63 meters up to the top. The building is free on three sides. The rectory and the former Capuchin monastery are connected to the north side. The west facade, which was restored in a simplified manner after the destruction of the war in World War II, with its three-arched portico is inspired by the early baroque facade of Salzburg Cathedral . During the restoration, the arched windows were replaced by rectangular windows and the curved gable was replaced by a simple triangular gable. The fourth floor of the tower moved to the north has an octagonal design and closes with a hood and pointed turret based on the Salzburg model. Arranged diagonally, pedestal volutes flank the drum-like tower octagon as decorative shapes. Inside the tower there is a memorial for the victims of the two world wars of the 20th century and for the 21 members of the Catholic journeyman's association of the parish of St. Joseph who were "suspected of communism" on May 6th and 7th, 1919 by reactionary forces of the Bayreuth Freikorps under the command of Wolff von Stutterheim had been tortured, robbed and finally murdered in the basement of the Prinz-Georg-Palais .
The south and north sides of the church are windowed with stilted semicircular openings. The eastern part of the church closes with a protruding 5/8 choir with round windows. The partially destroyed, rich neo-baroque furnishings with numerous chapel altars were not restored in the post-war period.
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From the expansive neo-baroque altar with the altar painting "The Adoration of St. Joseph with the Child Jesus" by Gebhard Fugel from 1905 only the oil sketch has survived. The composition is inspired by the painting by Giovanni Bellini .
The church is the first large neo-early baroque church building in Munich. The interior adjoins the Munich St. Michaelskirche in Neuhauser Strasse and was exemplary for the likewise neo-baroque Sendlinger Margaretenkirche on Margaretenplatz. The 63 meter high tower sets an urban focus that relates to the visual axes of Augustenstrasse, Adalbertstrasse and Adelheidstrasse.
organ
The organ was built in 1954 by Carl Schuster. Today it has 59 registers with electric cone chests on three manuals and pedal.
In 1999 it was last renovated by the organ building company Münchner Orgelbau Johannes Führer . The disposition is:
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- Pair : III / II, III / I, II / I, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : roller, laptop-controlled setting system
- Comments: electro-pneumatic action
local community
Since 1965 the Provincialate of the Bavarian Province of the Capuchins was attached to St. Joseph . It is now in the Capuchin Monastery of St. Anton in the Isarvorstadt.
The parish area extends to Schwabing ; the Bauerstraße in the north is the border to the Schwabing parish of St. Ursula . Therefore, in the public consciousness, St. Joseph is more often viewed as the Schwabing parish church, although the parish is largely located in Maxvorstadt. This confusion happens even in the rectory (see Festschriften, see below literature)
literature
- Friedrich Kobler (edit.): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Bayern IV, Munich and Upper Bavaria. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2006, p. 767 f.
- Klaus Gallas : Munich. From the Guelph foundation of Henry the Lion to the present day. Art, culture, history. (= DuMont art travel guide ) DuMont, Cologne 1979, ISBN 3-7701-1094-3 .
- Karlheinz Hemmeter: "Once it's Josephi, the winter ends too". Joseph's Day on March 19th. St. Joseph in Munich's Maxvorstadt. In: Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (ed.): Monument Preservation Information , No. 160 (from March 2015), pp. 114–120.
- Church administration and parish council of St. Joseph (Ed.): 75 years parish St. Joseph Munich-Schwabing. Self-published, Munich undated (1988?).
- P. Karl Kleiner: Parish Church of St. Joseph, Munich-Schwabing. ed. from the Catholic Parish Office St. Joseph, Munich 1991.
- Franz Lurz: Life around St. Joseph. 100 years parish church, 90 years parish St. Joseph. Munich 2002.
- P. Marinus Parzinger, Elke Reichert: Church leader Sankt Joseph for children and families. ed. from the Kath. Stadtpfarramt St. Joseph, Munich 2012.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Josef H. Biller, Hans-Peter Rasp: Munich - Art and Culture. Munich 2003, p. 176.
- ^ Description of the organ on the website www.MusikinStJoseph.de
- ↑ Munich. In: www.kapuziner.de. Retrieved January 19, 2019 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 9 ′ 19 ″ N , 11 ° 34 ′ 4 ″ E