St. Maria Magdalena (Steuerwald)
St. Maria Magdalena is a Roman Catholic chapel in the Hildesheim district of Steuerwald . It is commonly called Magdalenenkapelle and is located on the Innerste , south of today's Mastbergstrasse, on the edge of Steuerwald Castle and belongs ecclesiastically to the catchment area of the parish of Mariä Lichtmess .
history
The construction of the protective fortress in 1310 in the immediate vicinity of the bishopric goes back to Heinrich II. Von Woldenberg , the 21st Bishop of Hildesheim. Since independence from the bishop's chair aspiring Hildesheim citizenship the newly elected sovereign their allegiance failed and the bishop in his cathedral precincts felt threatened by his neighbors, he let the Innersteniederung at the swampy area peripheral to the city of Hildesheim Steuerwald Castle built. His successor, Bishop Otto II von Woldenberg , had the castle area expanded and secured with several buildings.
In the disputes between the Hildesheim bishops and the city during the 14th and 15th centuries, Steuerwald Castle became the most important base for episcopal power and the actual residence of the Hildesheim rulers. With the introduction of the official constitution in the diocese of Hildesheim in the 14th century, the tax forest office was established through the appointment of an episcopal bailiff in 1343 , the center of which was the castle of the same name.
In the 16th to 18th centuries it became a tradition that under the sign of sovereign authority the Hildesheim prince-bishop entered the city of Hildesheim via the Steuerwald Castle.
On the west side of the castle complex is the chapel built in 1507 in its foundation walls. This building probably goes back to Bishop Johannes IV of Sachsen-Lauenburg , who used Steuerwald as a preferred residence. It cannot be proven whether the chapel from the early 16th century was the first church in the castle area or a successor building. The patronage with Maria Magdalena seems to be certain for the chapel from 1507. The rights of patronage were probably linked to ownership of the castle or the office .
While the chapel was initially intended for the celebration of Holy Mass for the bishop, it was later used by the bailiff or Drosten with his community in the castle area or by the community on the later domain .
Due to the Quedlinburg recess after the Hildesheim collegiate feud (1519–1523), the tax forest office remained in the small monastery and thus under the government of the Hildesheim bishop. After the death of Friedrich von Holstein , the Lutheran bishop of Hildesheim, the tax forest office came into the possession of his brother Adolf von Holstein in 1557 . In the same year, a Protestant church ordinance was drawn up for the office and Lutheran preachers were sent to the office's “ mission in the parishes”. Therefore, from 1557 until the handover to Bishop Burchard von Oberg in 1564, the use of the chapel according to the Evangelical rite can be assumed. Even during the pontificate of Bishop Burchard and his successor, Prince-Bishop Ernst II of Bavaria , no final clarification of the confessional relationships could be brought about due to the difficult religious, political and economic situation in the diocese . Several Lutheran bailiffs ran the Steuerwald house until the end of the 16th century. During the occupation of the city of Hildesheim and the office in 1632 by Brunswick and Swedish troops, the Augsburg religious peace principle was rigorously followed : " Whose country - whose religion ".
The restitution that took place in 1643 , however, with the return of the parishes , monasteries and monasteries in the small and large monasteries to the Hildesheim prince-bishop not only invalidated the peace of Augsburg, but also the important provisions of the Quedlinburg recession of 1523 for the diocese of Hildesheim.
Prince-Bishop Ferdinand of Bavaria had set up central parishes in the offices to consolidate Catholic conditions . Steuerwald became an official parish in 1643. The Society of Jesus was marked by the Counter-Reformation favored with the pastoral care and administration of the official parties commissioned. In Steuerwald, the Reform Order was given the pastoral care and administration of the official parish by Prince-Bishop Maximilian Heinrich of Bavaria after 1650. The parish of the official parish extended to the office building with its attached buildings and to the Gut Steuerwald. The former castle chapel was used as the parish church.
With the secularization of 1803, the tax forest office was dissolved and the official parish repealed. The chapel was used for other purposes and the 117 Catholic Christians of the municipality of Steuerwald were transferred to the parish of St. Martinus in Himmelsthür .
The chapel has largely been preserved to this day. In 1988, the church in need of renovation was leased by the Bishop's See in Hildesheim and initially set up as a center for youth work for the German Scouting Society Sankt Georg (DPSG). In 2000, the Magdalenkapelle Circle of Friends was founded, which thoroughly restored the building in the following years and received the “Great State Prize for Monument Preservation 2008” from the Lower Saxony Sparkasse Foundation. Today the chapel is a popular place for devotions, weddings and concerts.
architecture
The chapel was built in the Romanesque style and after a renovation in the 16th century received a new entrance and new windows in the late Gothic style.
literature
- Walter Achilles: Hildesheim castles, bases of episcopal territorial policy. In: From home . Supplement to the Hildesheimer Allgemeine Zeitung , Hildesheim 1970
Web links
- Parish of Mariä Candlemas in Hildesheim: Magdalenenkapelle
- Visiting good band spirits. Bishop Norbert Trelle met the Magdalenenkapelle Circle of Friends at Gut Steuerwald. July 22, 2009, news from the Diocese of Hildesheim
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bischöfliches Generalvikariat Hildesheim (ed.): Handbook of the Diocese of Hildesheim, Part 1 - Region Hildesheim , pages 33-35, self-published, Hildesheim 1992
- ↑ Bischöfliches Generalvikariat Hildesheim (ed.): Handbook of the Diocese of Hildesheim, part 1 - Region Hildesheim , page 35, self-published, Hildesheim 1992
Coordinates: 52 ° 10 ′ 9 ″ N , 9 ° 55 ′ 35 ″ E