Tax Forest (Hildesheim)

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Steuerwald is a district in the north of Hildesheim . Together with the Nordstadt district , it forms one of 14 localities in the city. The district is not far from the Innerste near the mouth of the copper strand . The distance to the city center is just under three kilometers; The Himmelsthür district is two kilometers to the west .

history

Steuerwald Castle
Amtshaus (castle) and place, before 1653

The Hildesheim bishop Heinrich II. Von Woldenberg (term of office 1310-18) had the Steuerwald castle built north of the city from 1310 to 1313 as a protective and stronghold against the Hildesheim citizens. The name “Steuerwald” meant “ steer the forest” . The castle served as a permanent episcopal residence until 1763.

In 1716, by far the last execution of a "magician" took place here: After his transfer from Wohldenberg Castle to the episcopal festivities of Steuerwald, he was beheaded with a sword in 1716 by order of the Archbishop of Cologne and Bishop of Hildesheim and then burned at the stake.

In the Middle Ages, the village of Essem was located in the area of ​​today's port , which became deserted after the castle Steuerwald was founded. Not far north of the castle was the village of Steuerwald , which had 231 inhabitants in the 1895 census. It was incorporated into Hildesheim in 1912.

During the secularization of 1803, Steuerwald Castle was converted into a state domain which, together with its lands, was administered by the Monastery Chamber, an institution of the Prussian state. Since 1910 there had been plans in Hildesheim to build an inland port on a branch canal to the Mittelland Canal that had yet to be built . Under Mayor Ernst Ehrlicher, the city ​​of Hildesheim bought the castle and its 412 hectares of land from the monastery chamber on September 1, 1912 in order to obtain land for the construction of a port. Construction work began in May 1919. The village of Steuerwald was partially demolished as part of the extensive construction work, including a whole mountain, the Kirschenberg with a volume of 42,000 cubic meters, was removed from the village. A total of 242.5 hectares was built on for the construction of the port and the 1.9 km long port railway. The inauguration of the port and the branch canal took place on June 20, 1928 after a construction period of over eight years.

Almost all of the remaining buildings in the village of Steuerwald were demolished when the civil airfield Hildesheim, founded in 1927, was expanded after 1933 and converted into an air base with an attached reconnaissance flying school.

During the Second World War , a bomb detonated at Steuerwald Castle on October 9, 1943, killing four people. This was the first bombing on Hildesheim. A photo posted in the chapel of Steuerwald Castle shows considerable damage to the roofs of the palas, stables and large barn, while the chapel and keep remained undamaged. The port of Hildesheim survived the Second World War almost unscathed.

The air base and the attached barracks were closed after 1993 and converted into a commercial area. The airport of Hildesheim is used exclusively for civilian purposes today.

Townscape

Hildesheim harbor

The control forest district is supported by numerous businesses, the port and through the highly visible keep dominated the castle control forest. There are only a few residential buildings in Steuerwald, which is cut through by busy streets: Steuerwalder Straße, which connects the district with the city center of Hildesheim and continues as Bundesstraße 6 to the north, was named in 1878, while Mastbergstraße has been under its current name since 1913 is known. Lerchenkamp, ​​named in 1951 after a field name, is the most important driveway to the industrial area developed after 1993 and is very busy.

A cycle path leads from Mastbergstraße along Kupferstrang to the Moritzberg and Himmelsthür districts .

The only reminder of the village past of Steuerwald is a simple cross at the corner of Lerchenkamp and Steuerwalder Straße, on which you can see the place name Steuerwald next to a family name .

Attractions

Port administration

The main attraction of Steuerwald is the Steuerwald Castle with the 26 m high and widely visible keep , the well-preserved 14th century palace and the Magdalen Chapel. Part of the castle wall and the moat are still preserved.

In the port area, the port administration building, completed in 1928, with a triangular bay window and a Welschen hood is well worth seeing. An emblem with an anchor stands out above the entrance to the building, which is erected on a high base. Not far away is the 1927 red brick and also on a pedestal built substation with typical of the 1920s ornaments, next to a disused steam locomotive was set up as a memorial.

In the area of ​​the former air base, which has been converted into a commercial area, there are numerous free-standing buildings that are typical of urban development in the 1920s and 1930s. At the Lavesstrasse z. For example, next to the former barracks buildings in a strictly geometric arrangement, the former officers' mess can be seen, which stands out with its high plinth, a representative flight of stairs and a flat roof. Not far from there is a memorial erected in 1942 in front of the building at Lavesstrasse 2, which consists of a bronze eagle - the symbol of the Air Force - on a stele clad in travertine .

At the corner of Lerchenkamp and Steuerwalder Straße there is a simple cross in the corridor as the only remaining relic from the village past of Steuerwald.

literature

  • Menno Aden: The waterway is environmentally friendly . In: Yearbook of the district of Hildesheim 1996, pp. 9–24
  • Neigenfind, W .: Our beautiful city , Hildesheim 1964
  • Christiane Segers-Glocke : Monuments in Lower Saxony, Vol. 14.1 - City of Hildesheim , Hameln 2007
  • Rudolf Zoder: The Hildesheimer streets , Hildesheim 1957

Web links

Commons : Steuerwald  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joachim Lehrmann : For and against the madness - witch hunt in the Hochstift Hildesheim '', and "A contender against the witch madness" - Lower Saxony's unknown early enlightener (Justus Oldekop). Lehrte 2003, 272 pp., ISBN 978-3-9803642-3-2 , pp. 194-242, pp. 136ff.
  2. ↑ Neigenfind , p. 29
  3. ^ Neumanns Orts- und Verkehrslexikon des Deutschen Reichs, Leipzig 1905, p. 1043
  4. ↑ Neigenfind , p. 48
  5. ↑ Aden , p. 11
  6. ↑ Aden , p. 12
  7. ↑ Aden , p. 16
  8. ↑ Segers Bell , p. 234
  9. ↑ Aden, Menno: Hildesheim lives , p. 238. Hildesheim 1994
  10. ↑ Aden , p. 18
  11. ↑ Zoder , p. 86
  12. ↑ Zoder , p. 62
  13. ↑ Zoder , p. 58
  14. ↑ Segers-Glocke , p. 276ff.
  15. ↑ Segers Bell , p. 237
  16. ↑ Segers Bell , p. 236
  17. ↑ Segers Bell , p. 237