St. Martin (Bad Kohlgrub)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Martin in the center of the municipality of Bad Kohlgrub in the Upper Bavarian district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen is assigned to the Rottenbuch deanery in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising . The church building is registered as a monument in the Bavarian list of monuments.
history
Originally, Kohlgrub, first mentioned in 1280, was incorporated into the parish of Ammergau, which from 1295 was cared for by the Augustinian canons of Rottenbuch . At that time there was probably only a small chapel. The first church was built under the Rottenbuch provost Ulrich V. Sturmlein (r. 1336–1350), who was born in Saulgrub. In 1517 Kohlgrub was separated from Ammergau and added to the Rottenbuch parish, now a Rottenbuch canon rode to Kohlgrub for important festivals. In 1734, the Kohlgrubers obtained a permanent vicar and the parsonage was built. After secularization , Kohlgrub was raised to its own parish in 1809.
Building history
From the first church building in the 14th century, the massive tower substructure with its biforias and perhaps parts of the choir masonry have been preserved. In the first third of the 17th century the previously flat choir was enlarged and provided with a round end with four large windows. Under the Rottenbuch provost Patricius Oswald (r. 1700–1740), the church was enlarged from 1727–1729 and received its present form. The nave as well as the arena and sacristy were built under the aegis of Rottenbuch monastery builders. 1750–1755 the tower received its current structure. The equipment was essentially complete by 1800.
architecture
The church is a simple hall building with a flat barrel cut through by stab caps . The retracted choir is closed and has four large arched windows. The spacious nave is divided into three bays, which are separated from each other by belt arches. These rest on a multi-profiled cornice over stuccoed consoles . The large arched windows in the nave were broken out in 1880 and replaced the old baroque windows, which were arched above and below and crowned by a round window. The sign is on the west side and the two-story sacristy to the south.
The tower at the north side is square in the base, beneath the cornice open on three sides Biforien . Under the east side there is a frescoed Gothic dial. The baroque helmet rises above the base , also square, but with grooved corners. A round sound window opens to the bell cage on each side . The north and east sides have a round clock face. The gables are subtly curved. They are to be understood as large recesses in a steep dome. Above it rises the octagonal helmet closed by an onion , crowned by a large gilded patriarchal cross. This finely nuanced, lively formal language is reminiscent of Dominikus Zimmermann's architecture , especially the church tower of the Wieskirche .
Furnishing
The church was mainly furnished in two periods, the early Rococo of the construction period and the classicist Rococo from 1780. The stucco of the choir is from the construction period and goes back to the workshop of the Rottenbuch monastery master builder Josef Schmutzer . That of the nave was built during the church renovation in 1880.
The painting of the church was done in 1927 by the Anton Vitztum company from Teisendorf. In the middle field of the choir, Christ is depicted as the Good Shepherd of the Kohlgrub congregation, in the cartouches all around are evangelists and the four Western Church Fathers , three fields of the nave show the caring Christ. The eastern picture shows Jesus in the midst of the children and illustrates the Bible verse “Let the children come to me” (Luk. 18, 16). The middle picture shows the healing of the patient at Bethesda for 38 years (Joh. 5,5). Here Christ is shown as the salvation of the physically ill. The picture above the organ shows the anointing of Jesus by Mary Magdalene . Jesus is represented here as the salvation of the mentally ill. Above the choir arch there is a drapery painted during the construction period. Two accompanying angels bear the Rottenbuch monastery coat of arms and the coat of arms of the provost Patricius Oswald.
The two side altars were created at the time of construction. The left side altar is consecrated to the Mother of God and bears a baroque depiction of the Annunciation. In the excerpt a picture of St. Anna. The altar is flanked by figures of St. Joseph and Joachim. The right one, originally dedicated to St. The side altar dedicated to the cross was transformed into the Sacred Heart Altar in the 19th century. St. Helena in the extract still refers to the patronage of the Cross. The altarpiece shows St. Heart of jesus. It is flanked by the figures of the Doctors of the Church, Gregory and Augustine . With the exception of the Annunciation painting, all the pictures on the side altars date from the 20th century. The figures were supplied by Franz Xaver Schmädl around 1750 .
The pulpit body still has high baroque shapes, with sculptures of the four evangelists in niches. The sound cover comes from the second furnishing period and shows the rural Louis seize style. The high altar can also be assigned to this period. The large round arch above the altar sheet is reminiscent of the Ettal high altar. The altarpiece by Martin Speer , who was born in Wildsteig, dates back to 1729 and shows the donation of St. Martin and, like the assistant figures, was taken over from the previous altar. In the celestial halo, Christ, angels and the Rottenbuch monastery patrons and secondary patrons of the altar, Primus and Felicianus . The high altar is a convertible altar, during Lent a depiction of the Mount of Olives by Franz Seraph Zwinck from Oberammergau is visible. The altar is flanked by the sculptures of the cattle patron Sylvester and the diocesan patron Korbinian ; both come from the Schmädlwerkstatt. The retable is attributed to the Kohlgruber master craftsman Peter Sam, to whom the works of the second period of decoration go back.
Large-format pictures of the Stations of the Cross from the 18th century adorn the walls. The lower gallery parapet shows the life story of St. Martin in 14 oil paintings with verses. A number of holy figures from the 18th to 20th centuries. Century testify to the foundation zeal of the parishioners. The sculpture of St. Blasius from the wider Leinberger area . Here, however, the figure was always called St. Martin adored. In the middle yoke there are two oval pictures of the popular saints Konrad von Parzham and Therese von Lisieux by Bernhard Otterpohl .
literature
- Luitraud Ober: Kohlgrub. A local history; With special consideration of the time under the two monasteries Rottenbuch and Ettal 1295 / 1330–1803. St. Ottilien 1956.
- Hans Greinwald: Festschrift for the Bad Kohlgruber festivities. Bad Kohlgrub 1986.
- Laurentius Koch OSB: The churches of the parish Bad Kohlgrub. Salzburg 2001.
Web links
- Website of the cath. Parish association Kohlgrub
- Disposition of the organ on the website of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
Coordinates: 47 ° 39 '57.5 " N , 11 ° 3' 1.4" E