St. Nikolaus (Bad Reichenhall)
St. Nikolaus is a Roman Catholic parish church , in the Romanesque style and the building type a basilica , in Bad Reichenhall . The three-aisled church was built around the second half of the 12th century and has been structurally altered several times since then - most recently in 1864.
tower
The tower was built in the late 19th century (as part of the church expansion in 1863/64) in the neo-Romanesque (Lombard) style with a height of about 40 m. The old Romanesque-Gothic tower was demolished in 1861. Originally, it probably wore a Romanesque saddle roof as an attachment and, from around 1515 to around 1808, a slender pointed helmet, which was then replaced by a squat dome. It is noteworthy that the old tower was included in the city fortifications. (see copperplate engraving by Merian) There are seven bells hanging inside the tower on the top floor. The largest of them is the Marienglocke . It weighs just under three tons and is at the same time the largest church bell in the Berchtesgadener Land district and the Berchtesgaden deanery .
portal
The main portal itself is three-tiered (three columns with capitals on each side , connected by round arch bars). In the tympanum is a mosaic with the apocalyptic lamb (book with seven seals), side A and O (Christ as the beginning and end of times).
Southern side apse
The southern side apse has been preserved in its original form from the Romanesque building (end of the 12th century): richly designed frieze with undivided arches that rest alternately on chalice capitals, people and lion heads. The lion heads hold an animal in their throats . The arched openings are filled with sculptures, three with palmettes, one with a reclining lion, one with two animal heads, four with human half-figures, cut off in the belt.
Church interior
The three-aisled nave was built in the Romanesque style. Inside the parish church, the choir fresco with the church patron St. Nicholas , the diocese saint St. Korbinian and two subsidiary patrons of the parish, St. Georg and St. Pankratius, as well as the newly renovated Stations of the Cross by the church painter Moritz von Schwind are well worth seeing.
Furnishing
Frescoes
The frescoes in the chancel of the church from 1862 are by the painter Moritz von Schwind . In addition to the Holy Trinity , the church patron Nikolaus and the diocese patron Korbinian, they represent the two saints Georg and Pankraz , who are the patrons of the earlier branch churches of St. Georg in Nonn and St. Pankraz in Karlstein . Together with the stations of the cross and the smaller frescoes in the right aisle (3 saints: Sebastian, city patron Rupertus and Johann Nepomuk), these are the only surviving sacred works by this artist.
Altar, ambo, stand cross
The people's altar, the ambo and the standing cross are bronze works by Josef Hamberger , who also created the tabernacle in the apse of the south aisle.
Reichenhaller Mother of God
In the side aisle on the north wall hangs the picture of the “Reichenhall Mother of God”. It is signed and dated: “Angelicus Jos. Maria Beckert 1932 ". The picture originally hung in the girls' school in the immediate vicinity of the church and was recovered unscathed from the rubble of the destroyed schoolhouse after the air raid on Bad Reichenhall on April 25, 1945. It has been particularly venerated since then.
Baptismal font
In the apse of the north aisle there is the baptismal font (19th century) crowned by the figure of John the Baptist and the bronze Easter candlestick, also by (Josef Hamberger).
organ
The organ comes from the Swiss organ building company Mathis (Näfels). It has 37 sounding registers , divided into three manuals (Hauptwerk, Rückpositiv and Schwellwerk) and pedal. The game and stop action are purely mechanical. The gaming table is integrated in the main housing.
Bells
There are seven bronze bells hanging in the steel chair in the belfry, six of which are part of the main bell. The death bell is only used in individual cases. The mighty peal comes from two different founders and heard in the tones gis 0 , h 0 , cis 1 , dis 1 , F # 1 , gis 1 fis² +.
| No. | patron | Casting year | Foundry, casting location | Nominal | Portrait | inscription | Weight | diameter |
| 1 | Marienbell | 1955 | Johann Hahn, Landshut | g sharp 0 | Mary with child | Mary, help us all out of our deep need | 3.26 t | 1.83 m |
| 2 | Parish bell | 1955 | Johann Hahn, Landshut | h 0 | St. Nikolaus, St. Georg, St. Pankraz | Vox clamantis in deserto dirigite viam Domini | 1.51 t | 1.44 m |
| 3 | Anniversary bell | 1978 | Bachert brothers, Bad Friedrichshall | cis 1 | Bad Reichenhall city coat of arms | 800 years of St. Nikolaus Reichenhall | 1.63 t | 1.42 m |
| 4th | Patrona Bavariae | 1947 | Johann Hahn and son, Landshut Reichenhall | dis 1 | Mary with child | Gracious Queen, protect Bavaria with might in storms and threatening night | 1.14 m | |
| 5 | Antonius Bell | 1977 | Bachert brothers, Bad Friedrichshall | f sharp 1 | 800 years of St. Nikolaus Reichenhall 1181–1981 | 836 kg | 1.08 m | |
| 6th | Joseph Bell | 1977 | Bachert brothers, Bad Friedrichshall | g sharp 1 | St. Joseph, help us in life and death. | 590 kg | 98.5 cm | |
| 7th | Death bell | 1922 | Johann Hahn and son, Landshut Reichenhall | f sharp 2 | The hero Konrad Back u. Joseph Ludwig Stud. Theol. dedicated as a memorial by their parents RIP | 52 cm |
Clock strikes on bells 3 (1/4) and 1 (1/1). The ringing order has been revised since 2016:
Ringing order St. Nikolaus Bad Reichenhall:
- Rosary: f sharp ¹ g sharp ¹
- Vespers and devotions: in the annual cycle dis¹ fis¹ gis¹ ; silent times dis¹ g sharp¹ ; Easter time dis¹ fis¹ gis¹ fis²
- Weekday mass: in the annual cycle cis¹ dis¹ fis¹ ; Advent c sharp 1 f sharp 1 g sharp 1 ; Lent cis¹ fis¹ ; Easter time (+ baptism / marriage) cis¹ dis¹ fis¹ gis¹
- Sunday mass: in the annual cycle h ° cis¹ dis¹ fis¹ ; Advent h ° cis-1 dis-1 gis-1 ; simple celebrations / Christmas time h ° cis¹ dis¹ fis¹ gis¹ ; Lent h ° dis¹ gis¹ ; Easter time gis ° cis¹ dis¹ fis¹ gis¹
- May devotion: h ° dis 1 f sharp 1 g sharp 1 ; Soul mass: h ° dis¹ g sharp¹ f sharp²
- Repentance service: g sharp ° dis¹ g sharp¹ ; Commemoration bomb attack, "big mourning bells", Palm Sunday: g sharp ° h ° dis¹ g sharp¹ ; Ash Wednesday / All Souls' Day: g sharp ° h ° c sharp¹
- Maundy Thursday (ringing in from below), patronage, Christkind bells: g sharp ° h ° cis¹ dis¹ g sharp¹ ; First Communion / Confirmation / Thanksgiving: gis ° h ° cis¹ dis¹ fis¹
- Solemnity + New Year's (small plenary): g sharp ° h ° c sharp¹ dis¹ f sharp¹ g sharp¹
- Easter Vigil Gloria (large plenum): g sharp h c sharp ¹ dis ¹ f sharp ¹ g sharp ¹ f sharp ²
Angelus prayer: 7:00 a.m.; 12:00 noon dis¹ ; evenings at dusk (00:17: 00-21) dis¹ , Nachläuten (Our Father) gis¹
Hour of Christ's death: Fridays 3:00 p.m. g sharp °
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Knaurs Kulturführer, 1991, p. 103
Churches: St. Aegidia | Evangelical town church | St. George | St. John's Hospital Church | St. Nicholas | St. Pankraz | St. Valentin | St. Zeno
Chapels: Antoniberg Chapel | Bildstöckl Chapel | Brunnhaus Chapel | Schinderkapelle | Seebach Chapel | Staufen Chapel
Coordinates: 47 ° 43 '12 " N , 12 ° 52' 28" E