Stephan V (Hungary)

Stephan V.

Stephan V., lithograph by Josef Kriehuber after a drawing by Moritz von Schwind , ca.1828

Stephan V ( Hungarian V. István , Croatian Stjepan VI .; * 1239 ; † August 6, 1272 ) was King of Hungary and Croatia from the House of Árpáden from 1270 to 1272 .

Career

Stephan was a son of Béla IV and Maria Laskaris , a Byzantine king's daughter. He initially carried the title of Duke of Transylvania , then that of Styrian Duke.

The war between Béla IV and the Bohemian King Ottokar II Přemysl ended in 1254 with the Buda Pact . As a result, Béla acquired most of Styria, while the rest of Austria fell to Ottokar. Styria rebelled and the Hungarian governor appointed by Béla was driven out. Then Stephan became Prince of Styria. His ducal dignity ended when Ottokar attacked Styria and the Bohemian king, victorious in the Battle of Kressenbrunn in 1260, demanded in the Peace of Vienna (1261) that Béla renounce his western territories. Stephan became Duke of Transylvania again.

In 1255, his father arranged to marry Elisabeth , the daughter of the Cyclist chief. Although Elizabeth was baptized before marriage, the couple were considered semi-pagan. The ties to the Kyptschaks also put a lasting strain on relations with Ottokar II.

In 1261 Stephan was able to convince his father to give him 29 counties as a reward for his support in the war against Bohemia. He was crowned junior king, and Hungary de facto split in two, although Stephan remained formally subordinate to his father. This ended in the civil war, which was settled with a peace pact on Rabbit Island (now Margaret Island ) in 1266.

Stephan was crowned in 1270. His contacts with the Bohemian king deteriorated as a result of the death of Ulrich III. , Duke of Carinthia . Stephan and Ottokar signed an armistice near Pressburg (now Bratislava ) for two years, but the Hungarian troops attacked Austria and Styria, which was followed by the Bohemian attack on Hungary in 1271. The struggles of varying origins were ended on February 7, 1271 by the Peace of Pressburg , which restored the status quo .

Stephan signed a marriage pact with Charles II , King of Naples . Through his marriage to his daughter Maria and the marriage of his sister Isabella von Anjou with his son Ladislaus IV./III. He secured his dynasty, which was important for the rest of Hungarian history after the Árpáden died out in 1301.

progeny

With Elisabeth 'the Kumanin' he had seven children:

Elisabeth (* ~ 1255, † ~ 1313)
Katharina (* ~ 1256, † after 1314)
Maria (~ 1257, † March 25, 1323)
Girl (name unknown)
Anna (* ~ 1260, † 1281)
Ladislaus IV. (* 1262, † July 10, 1290)
Andreas (* 1268, † 1278)

literature

Janos M. Bak: Stephen (István) V . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 8, LexMA-Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-89659-908-9 , Sp. 114 f.
Franz von Krones: Stephan V, King of Hungary . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, p. 78 f.
Gerhard Seewann : István V. , in: Biographical Lexicon for the History of Southeast Europe . Vol. 4. Munich 1981, pp. 186-188
Vratislav Vanicek in Európa uralkodói (European rulers). Maecenas Verlag 1999, ISBN 963-645-053-6 .

Web links

Commons : Stephan V. (Hungary) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

predecessor	Office	successor
Béla IV./III.	King of Hungary 1270–1272	Ladislaus IV./III.
Béla IV./III.	King of Croatia, Dalmatia and Rama 1270–1272	Ladislaus IV./III.

personal data
SURNAME	Stephan V.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Hungarian King Stephen V (1270–1272)
DATE OF BIRTH	1239
DATE OF DEATH	August 6, 1272