Star hyacinths
| Star hyacinths | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Great star hyacinth ( Chionodoxa forbesii ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chionodoxa | ||||||||||||
| Boiss. |
The star hyacinths ( Chionodoxa ), also known as snow shine and snow pride, are a genus of plants within the subfamily Scilloideae . The botanical genus name Chionodoxa is derived from the Greek words chion for snow and doxa (δόξα) for "opinion, opinion, prestige, honor, fame, glory, pride, splendor"; the direct translation "snow shine" and "snow pride" is often used for these species. Home areas of the species are in the Mediterranean area and in Asia Minor .
description
Chionodoxa species are perennial herbaceous plants . These geophytes form small, egg to spherical onions with a brown coating ("tunic") as persistence organs. Usually only two basal, upright or spreading leaves are formed per onion ; they are simple and have parallel nerves.
On an inflorescence stalk there are one to several flowers loosely in a terminal, racemose inflorescence, together with at most one bract per flower. The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold. The six similarly shaped bracts are only briefly fused at their base. The free part of the bracts spreads apart or is bent back. The flowers are white or blue with a mostly white background. There are two circles with three stamens each. The different sized, wide and flattened stamens form a central cone around the ovary and style. The three pistils have become a top permanent ovary grown. There are septal nectaries.
The three-lobed and three-chambered capsule fruit contains 3 to 18 black, more or less spherical, wingless seeds with elaiosomes .
Systematics
The genus belongs to the tribe Hyacintheae within the subfamily of the Scilloideae .
For some authors, the species belong to the genus Scilla L. A synonym for Chionodoxa Boiss. is: Scilla sectio Nigriscilla series Chionodoxa (Boiss.) Speta .
There are only about six to eight Chionodoxa species:
- Whitish star hyacinth ( Chionodoxa albescens (Speta) Rix , in recent literature as a subspecies of Scilla nana (Schult. & Schult. F.) Speta ): The home is Crete .
- Large star hyacinth or blue snow shine ( Chionodoxa forbesii Baker , Syn .: Scilla forbesii (Baker) Speta , Chionodoxa tmolusi Whittall ): The home is southwestern Turkey.
- Cypriot star hyacinth or Cypriot snow shine ( Chionodoxa lochiae Meikle , Syn .: Scilla lochiae (Meikle) Speta ): It is a rare endemic to the Troodos Mountains in Cyprus .
- Common star hyacinth or common snow pride, Lydian snow pride, Lydian star hyacinth ( Chionodoxa luciliae Boiss. , Syn .: Scilla luciliae (Boiss.) Speta )
- Small star hyacinth or small snow pride ( Chionodoxa nana Boiss. & Heldr. , Syn .: Scilla nana (Schult. & Schult. F.) Speta ): The home is Crete.
- Dark Star Hyacinth , Sardis Snow Shine or Dark Snow Shine ( Chionodoxa sardensis Whittall ex Barr & Sugden , Syn .: Scilla sardensis (Whitall ex Barr & Sugden) Speta ): The home is western Turkey.
- Sprawling star hyacinth or sprawling snow shine ( Chionodoxa seei Stapf , is also used as a synonym for Scilla forbesii (Baker) Speta ): The home is western Turkey.
A natural hybrid is Chionodoxa seei × Chionodoxa luciliae .
Generic hybrids also occur, for example: × Chionoscilla allenii J. Allen ex G. Nicholson = Chionodoxa forbesii × Scilla bifolia . If Chionodoxa is combined with Scilla , the hybrid is called: Scilla × allenii (J. Allen ex G.Nicholson) Speta .
There are a number of hybrids that are used as ornamental plants . They tend to grow wild in the temperate latitudes and then become invasive plants .
swell
- John McNeill: Chionodoxa. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 , pp. 320 (English, online at efloras.org).
- Horst Eggert: Overview of the species that regularly feral / naturalized in Schleswig-Holstein. 2008, 1 page ( PDF; 18 kB at botanik-steinburg.de).
- Walter Erhardt u. a .: The big pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chionodoxa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ^ Franz Speta : The Scilla species (Hyacinthaceae) of the Greek islands of Crete and Karpathos. In: Linz Biological Contributions. Volume 30, No. 1, Linz 1998, pp. 431-437 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
