Georgi Petrovich Swishchev

Georgi Petrovich Swischtschow ( Russian Георгий Петрович Свищёв ; born December 11 ^{. Jul} / 24. December  1912 ^greg. In St. Petersburg , † 2. May 1999 in Moscow ) was a Russian aerodynamics and university teachers .

Life

Swishchev's father Pyotr Ivanovich Swishchev was a locksmith in the Putilov factory and died early. The mother came from a small farmer's family in Belarus and was in poor health, so that Swishchev grew up in his aunt's family in Moscow from 1922 onwards. He attended middle school and the Sokolnicheskaya music school ( piano class ). He graduated from the Moscow Airship Building Institute in 1935. After completing his studies, Swishchev was sent to the Airship Building Plant in Dolgoprudny . He was a Komsomol organizer in the local experimental design office of Alexander Ivanovich Putilov .

In 1940 Swishchev became a research assistant at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (ZAGI) in Zhukovsky . His main research interests were the aerodynamics of the aircraft and in particular the wings , the boundary layers and their stability and the air currents when the speed of sound is exceeded . He developed the wing profiles for the Jak and MiG fighters , the Tupolev Tu-2 , Tupolev Tu-4 bombers and others.

1954 Swishchev became head of the Central Institute for Aircraft Engines (ZIAM) in Moscow. He directed the development of engines of various types and considerably expanded the facilities for the examination and testing of engines. These included especially the Turbojet -Triebwerk Mikulin AM-3 for the Tupolev Tu-104 , the two-shaft jet engine Tumanski R-11 for the Mikoyan MiG-21 and the jet engine R15B-300 for the Mikoyan MiG-25 . In 1966 he was elected a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR, since 1991 Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN)).

In addition to his scientific activities, Swishchev taught and headed the Chair of Gas Dynamics , Combustion and Heat Transfer at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MFTI) in Dolgoprudny from 1963 to 1967 .

In 1967 Swishchev became head of the ZAGI. He created new facilities for basic research for aviation and space travel . He developed methods for the construction of aircraft with the computer . In 1976 he was elected a full member of the AN-SSSR.

1989 Swishchev left the management office and became honorary director of the ZAGI. Under his editorship , the publishing house of the Great Russian Encyclopedia published the Aviazija encyclopedia in 1994 .

In St. Petersburg in the Moskovsky Victory Park on the Alley of Heroes there is a Svishchev monument. The square in front of the ZAGI in Zhukovsky is named Swishchev.

Honors, prizes

• Badge of Honor of the Soviet Union (1943)
• Order of the Great Patriotic War II class (1945)
• Stalin Prize, 2nd class (1946) for new wing profiles for high-speed aircraft
• Stalin Prize, 2nd class (1952) for technical developments
• Hero of Socialist Labor (1957, 1982)
• Order of Lenin (1957, 1971, 1982)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1962, 1975)
• Honored Scientist and Technician of the RSFSR
• State Prize of the USSR (1968)
• Lenin Prize (1976)
• Zhukovsky Prize of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
• Honorary doctorate from MATI (formerly Airship Building Institute)

Web links

• Literature by and about Georgi Petrovich Swishchev in the bibliographic database WorldCat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Большая российская энциклопедия: СВИЩЁВ Георгий Петрович (accessed July 20, 2019).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} RAN: Свищев Георгий Петрович (accessed July 20, 2019).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Encyclopedia Awiazija : Свищёв Георгий Петрович (accessed July 20, 2019).
4. ↑ ^{a b c} ZAGI: Свищев Георгий Петрович (accessed July 20, 2019).
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Landeshelden: Свищёв Георгий Петрович (accessed on July 20, 2019).
6. ↑ Свищеву Г. П., памятник (accessed July 20, 2019).