Systematics of the mammals

The following classification of mammals shows the classification of recent (i.e. living today or extinct after the last ice age) mammals down to the family level.

structure

Class mammals (Mammalia)

• Subclass of mammals (Protheria)
  • Order monotremes (monotremes)
    • Echidna (Tachyglossidae)
    • Platypus (Ornithorhynchidae)
• Subclass marsupial (Metatheria / marsupials)
  • Order Didelphimorphia
    • Opossum rats (Didelphidae)
  • Order Paucituberculata
    • Mausopossums (Caenolestidae)
  • Superorder Australidelphia
    • Order Microbiotheria
      • Microbiotheriidae
    • Order Notoryctemorphia
      • Bag mole (Notoryctidae)
    • Order Raubbeutlerweise (Dasyuromorphia)
      • † Tasmanian Wolf (Thylacinidae)
      • Antsuckler (Myrmecobiidae)
      • Predator (Dasyuridae)
    • Order Nasenbeutler (Peramelemorphia)
      • Rabbit Nose Burs (Thylacomyidae)
      • † Pig's foot sacs (Chaeropodidae)
      • Actual nasal sacs (Peramelidae)
    • Order Diprotodontia
      • Subordination Vombatiformes
        • Koala (Phascolarctidae)
        • Wombats (Vombatidae)
      • Subordination Phalangeriformes
        • Superfamily Kletterbeutlerartig (Phalangeroidea)
          • Bilchbeutler (Burramyidae)
          • Climbing Burs (Phalangeridae)
        • Superfamily glider-like (Petauroidea)
          • Ringbeutler (Pseudocheiridae)
          • Glide pouches (Petauridae)
          • Proboscis (Tarsipedidae)
          • Dwarf gliding pouch (Acrobatidae)
      • Suborder kangaroo-like (Macropodiformes)
        • Musk rat kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodontidae)
        • Rat kangaroos (Potoroidae)
        • Kangaroos (Macropodidae)
• Subclass Higher Mammals / Placenta Animals (Eutheria / Plazentalia)
  • Superordinate Afrotheria
    • Order Tenrekiformes (Afrosoricida)
      • Gold mole (Chrysochloridae)
      • Suborder Tenrecomorpha
        • Tenreks (Tenrecidae)
        • Otter shrews (Potamogalidae)
        • † Plesiorycteropodidae
    • Order Macroscelidea
      • Elephant jerk (Macroscelididae)
    • Order tubular teeth (Tubulidentata)
      • Aardvark (Orycteropodidae)
    • Order Hyracoidea
      • Hyrax (Procaviidae)
    • Order mammoths (Proboscidea)
      • Elephants (Elephantidae)
    • Order manatees (Sirenia)
      • Fork tailed manatees (Dugongidae)
      • Manatees (Trichechidae)
  • Superordinate joint animals (Xenarthra)
    • Order armored siderails (Cingulata)
      • Armadillos (Dasypoda)
        • Dasypodidae
        • Chlamyphoridae
    • Order tooth arms (pilosa)
      • Suborder sloths (Folivora)
        • Three-toed sloth (Bradypodidae)
        • Two-toed sloths (Megalonychidae)
      • Subordination anteaters (vermilingua)
        • Myrmecophagidae
        • Pygmy Anteaters (Cyclopedidae)
  • Superordinate Euarchontoglires
    • Order picky squirrel (Scandentia)
      • Feather-tailed pointed squirrel (Ptilocercidae)
      • Tupaiidae
    • Order Dermoptera
      • Giant Glider (Cynocephalidae)
    • Order Primates (Primates)
      • Suborder wet-nosed monkey (Strepsirrhini)
        • Partial order lemurs (Lemuriformes)
          • Cat lemurs (Cheirogaleidae)
          • Common Makis (Lemuridae)
          • Weasel lemurs (Lepilemuridae)
          • Indriiformes (Indriidae)
          • Finger animal (Daubentoniidae)
          • † Megaladapidae
        • Partial order Loriiformes (Lorisiformes)
          • Loris (Lorisidae)
          • Galagos (Galagonidae)
      • Suborder dry- nosed monkey (Haplorhini)
        • Partial order Tarsiiformes
          • Koboldmakis (Tarsiidae)
        • Partial order New World Monkeys (Platyrrhini)
          • Marmosets (Callitrichidae)
          • Capuchins (Cebidae)
          • Night monkeys (Aotidae)
          • Sakia monkeys (Pitheciidae)
          • Spike-tailed monkeys (Atelidae)
        • Partial order Old World Monkeys (Catarrhini)
          • Superfamily Tailed Old World Monkeys (Cercopithecoidea)
            • Vervet monkey relatives (Cercopithecidae)
          • Superfamily human species (hominoidea)
            • Gibbons (Hylobatidae)
            • Apes (Hominidae)
    • Order rodents (Rodentia)
      • Suborder squirrel relatives (Sciuromorpha)
        • Stubby- tailed squirrel (Aplodontidae)
        • Squirrel (Sciuridae)
        • Dormouse (Gliridae)
      • Subordination beaver relatives (Castorimorpha)
        • Beaver (Castoridae)
        • Pocket mice (Heteromyidae)
        • Pocket rats (Geomyidae)
      • Suborder mouse relatives (Myomorpha)
        • Jerboa (Dipodidae)
        • Birch mice (Sicistidae)
        • Jumping mice (Zapodidae)
        • Superfamily Mice (Muroidea)
          • Stachelblche (Platacanthomyidae)
          • Spalacidae
          • Mouse hamster (Calomyscidae)
          • Nesomyidae
          • Burrowers (Cricetidae)
          • Long-tailed mice (Muridae)
      • Subordination thorntail squirrel relatives (Anomaluromorpha)
        • Spring hare (Pedetidae)
        • Thorntail squirrel (Anomaluridae)
      • Suborder porcupine relatives (Hystricomorpha)
        • Laotian rock rat (Diatomyidae)
        • Partial order Ctenodactylomorphi
          • Comb fingers (Ctenodactylidae)
        • Partial order hystricognathi
          • Porcupines (Hystricidae)
          • Sand graves (Bathyergidae)
          • Naked mole rat (Heterocephalidae)
          • Rock rat (Petromuridae)
          • Reed rats (Thryonomyidae)
          • Parvorder guinea pig relatives (Caviomorpha)
            • Tree prick (Erethizontidae)
            • Chinchillas (Chinchillidae)
            • Pakarana (Dinomyidae)
            • Guinea pigs (Caviidae)
            • Agoutis and Acouchis (Dasyproctidae)
            • Pakas (Cuniculidae)
            • Comb rats (Ctenomyidae)
            • Trug rats (Octodontidae)
            • Chinchilla rats (Abrocomidae)
            • Quill rats (Echimyidae)
            • † Giant hatias (Heptaxodontidae)
    • Order hare-like (Lagomorpha)
      • Pigeon hares (Ochotonidae)
      • Hares (Leporidae)
  • Parent Laurasiatheria
    • Order insect eater (Eulipotyphla)
      • Hedgehog (Erinaceidae)
      • † Caribbean shrews (Nesophontidae)
      • Sand weevil (Solenodontidae)
      • Shrews (Soricidae)
      • Moles (Talpidae)
    • Order bats (Chiroptera)
      • Suborder Yangochiroptera
        • Superfamily Pteropodoidea
          • Fruit bats (Pteropodidae)
        • Superfamily horseshoe bat (Rhinolophoidea)
          • Pig- nosed bat (Craseonycteridae)
          • Horseshoe bat (Rhinolophidae)
          • Round-leaf noses (Hipposideridae)
          • Large-leaf noses (Megadermatidae)
          • Slit noses (Nycteridae)
          • Rhinonycteridae
          • Mouse-tailed bats (Rhinopomatidae)
      • Suborder Yinpterochiroptera
        • Superfamily Emballonuroidea
          • Smooth-nosed cantails (Emballonuridae)
          • Slit noses (Nycteridae)
        • Superfamily hare-mouthed (Noctilionoidea)
          • Stump thumb (Furipteridae)
          • Chin-leaf bats (Mormoopidae)
          • New Zealand bats (Mystacinidae)
          • Madagascan disc bat (Myzopodidae)
          • Rabbit mouths (Noctilionidae)
          • Leaf noses (Phyllostomidae)
          • American disc bats (Thyropteridae)
        • Superfamily smooth-nosed (Vespertilionoidea)
          • Cistugidae
          • Long-winged bats (Miniopteridae)
          • Bulldog bats (Molossidae)
          • Funnel ears (Natalidae)
          • Smooth-nosed (Vespertilionidae)
    • Order Pholidota
      • Pangolins (Manidae)
    • Order predators (Carnivora)
      • Suborder feline (Feliformia)
        • African palm civet (Nandiniidae)
        • Cats (Felidae)
        • Linsangs (Prionodontidae)
        • Crawling cats (Viverridae)
        • Hyenas (Hyanidae)
        • Mongooses (Herpestidae)
        • Malagasy carnivores (Eupleridae)
      • Subordination canine (Caniformia)
        • Dogs (Canidae)
        • Bears (Ursidae)
        • Seals (Pinnipedia)
          • Ear seals (Otariidae)
          • Walrus (Odobenidae)
          • Dog seals (Phocidae)
        • Superfamily musteloidea (Musteloidea)
          • Marten (Mustelidae)
          • Skunks (Mephitidae)
          • Small bears (Procyonidae)
          • Little pandas (Ailuridae)
    • Order Odd-toed ungulate (Perissodactyla)
      • Horses (Equidae)
      • Tapirs (Tapiridae)
      • Rhinoceros (Rhinocerotidae)
    • Order Artiodactyla (Artiodactyla)
      • Suborder pig-like (Suina)
        • Real pigs (Suidae)
        • Umbilical pigs (Tayassuidae)
      • Suborder Schwielensohler (Tylopoda)
        • Camels (Camelidae)
      • Subordination ruminants (Ruminantia)
        • Stag piglet (tragulidae)
        • Musk deer (moschidae)
        • Deer (Cervidae)
        • Pronghorn (Antilocapridae)
        • Giraffes (Giraffidae)
        • Horned Bearers (Bovidae)
      • Subordination to Ancodonta
        • Hippos (Hippopotamidae)
    • Order whales (Cetacea)
      • Subordination baleen whales (Mysticeti)
        • Right whales (Balaenidae)
        • Furrow whales (Balaenopteridae)
        • Gray whale (Eschrichtiidae)
        • Pygmy right whale (Neobalaenidae)
      • Suborder toothed whales (Odontoceti)
        • Superfamily dolphin-like (Delphinoidea)
          • Dolphins (Delphinidae)
          • Pilot whales (Monodontidae)
          • Porpoises (Phocoenidae)
        • Sperm whales (Physeteridae)
        • Ganges dolphins (Platanistidae)
        • Amazon River Dolphins (Iniidae)
        • Chinese river dolphin (Lipotidae)
        • La Plata Dolphin (Pontoporiidae)
        • Beaked whales (Ziphiidae)

See also

• Systematics of the animal kingdom

annotation

This representation reflects the systematics of mammals currently used in Wikipedia and is largely based on the: Handbook of the Mammals of the World . Since biological systematics is an active field of research, the details of the overview may differ from other systems to be found in the literature.

literature

• Don E. Wilson , Russell A. Mittermeier, et al. a. (Ed.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World . Lynx Edicions, 8 volumes, 2009 - 2018.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Kathryn M. Everson, Voahangy Soarimalala, Steven M. Goodman and E. Olson: Multiple loci and complete taxonomic sampling resolve the phylogeny and biogeographic history of tenrecs (Mammalia: Tenrecidae) and reveal higher speciation rates in Madagascar's humid forests. Systematic Biology 2016 doi: 10.1093 / sysbio / syw034
2. ↑ Michael Buckley: A Molecular Phylogeny of Plesiorycteropus Reassigns the Extinct Mammalian Order 'Bibymalagasia'. PlosOne 8 (3), 2013, p. E59614 doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0059614
3. ↑ Gillian C. Gibb, Fabien L. Condamine, Melanie Kuch, Jacob Enk, Nadia Moraes-Barros, Mariella Superina, Hendrik N. Poinar and Frédéric Delsuc: Shotgun Mitogenomics Provides a Reference Phylogenetic Framework and Timescale for Living Xenarthrans. Molecular Biology and Evolution 33 (3), 2015, pp. 621-642

Web links

• Evolutionary family tree of almost all over 4,500 modern mammal species , published in the journal Nature (Vol. 446, March 29, 2007, PMID 17392779 )