Turquoise (color)

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turquoise
 
Components
RGB ( r , g , b ) (64, 224, 208)
Hexadecimal triplet 40E0D0
CMYK ( c , m , y , k ) (71%, 0%, 7%, 12%)
HSL ( h , s , l ) (174 °, 71%,%)
View of the turquoise sea on the Great Barrier Reef ( Australia )

Turquoise denotes a non-uniformly defined color tone that is perceived to lie between green and blue . Light with this property can also be remitted as body color .

According to the definition, the color valence turquoise arises when light is perceived whose spectral distribution has a maximum between 475 and 500  nm . The color turquoise is practically used synonymously for the color cyan . In everyday use the term cyan is rarely used and turquoise rather describes the color valence corresponding to the spectral colors with wavelengths between 492 and 500 nm and their less saturated variants. Turquoise is not used as a synonym, but rather describes shades that are perceived as greener.

etymology

Turquoise from Nishapur (Iran)

The color name turquoise is derived from the color of the mineral and gem stone turquoise , a rock that was learned in the German-speaking area through Turkish mediation. Descriptive names for the turquoise tones are more or less oriented towards substances or objects and tend to be

  • for green: blue green , ice green , turquoise green , sea ​​green
  • to the blue: green blue , ice blue , turquoise blue , cyan blue , aquamarine .

In the lexicon of German color names it is mentioned that there was no evidence of the simplex (basic word) turquoise as a color name before 1950 . It is also pointed out: “Despite this range of variation in gemstones , the term turquoise plays an increasingly prominent role in modern language as a transition color that is interesting from a color theory perspective. Conventionally, turquoise is more often given the definition of 'blue-green' or 'green-blue', but is treated differently in color science. B. turquoise blue (1696) and turquoise blue (1697).

Color theory

Dark turquoise
color code: # 00AAAA
Medium turquoise
color code: # 00CCCC
Light turquoise ( cyan )
color code: # 00FFFF
Painting Woman in Costume by Ernst Oppler

The turquoise tones result in the additive color mixture through the mixture of blue and green. With subtractive color mixing , i.e. when mixing with artist's colors, turquoise tones result from a mixture of existing cyan with small proportions of yellow .

In the visible spectrum , the range from 490 to 495 nm can be assigned to turquoise.

The turquoise group has roughly the same range of values in the RGB color space

  • decimal :
  • hexadecimal : .

Cyan can be defined as a light, deepest turquoise, especially if it is meant as the basic color of the subtractive color mixture.

Colorants

The most beautiful and strongest color for turquoise is phthalocyanine green (heliogen green ). It was originally used as a pigment. By changing the chemical groups, in particular by sulfonation, it becomes water-soluble and is also available as a textile dye. Painters used ground turquoise (stone) as a pigment for this color .

Color psychology

Turquoise in its icy tint is perceived as the coldest of all colors. This color shows up in sea or glacier ice.

Blue-green and green-blue

Green blue
color code: # 00c4f4
Turquoise
color code: # 00DDDD
Blue Green
color code: # 00f4c4
  • Blue-green refers to shades of green with a strong bluish cast, which most people still perceive as "green". Names are about ice green , sea ​​green . The lightened white mixtures , i.e. pale shades , rarely have their own color names .
  • The borderline case between green and blue, the turquoise , is dependent on the individual feeling in its assignment.
  • Green blue is a strong greenish blue, such as ice blue , cyan blue , turquoise blue , after the gemstone also aquamarine . These then turn into a "cold" blue. Less saturated colors are called light blue .

Corporate Design

Bianchi bicycle in Celeste (from 1950/1952)

In order to find an original color as a company identifier, the green-blue tones are popular, depending on the company philosophy. In-house standards are often created for this purpose; these colorimetric specifications are provided with color tone and permissible deviations. In order to achieve a colored trademark, there are tight tolerances for the color producer.

The Italian company Bianchi introduced the color Italian celeste 'light sky blue' as a corporate design for its bicycle paintwork . However, in the more than 130-year history of the company, deviations in color from blue and blue-green were unavoidable. This means that this Celeste is available as a corporate design in a color range from light blue to turquoise tones.

In 2017, turquoise (alongside black) was adopted as the color code of the Austrian People's Party .

art

Ancient Egyptian amulet, 1070–664 BC Chr., Walters Art Museum , Baltimore

Turquoise has been a popular color in oriental and Islamic art for thousands of years and is particularly common in glazed tiles and ceramics . This probably goes back to the so-called Egyptian faience , which was often colored in turquoise tones, probably as an inexpensive imitation of the expensive stone. In ancient Egypt, all kinds of objects such as vases, jewelry or amulets were made from this material (see illustration). The glazed brick friezes that adorned the Darius palace in Susa , built in the 6th century BC (today partly in the Louvre , Paris), are also largely turquoise. Later, the color also played a major role in the decoration of many mosques or mausoleums in Iran ( Isfahan , Mahan ) or in Turkey (Mausoleum Mehmed I ( Yeşil Türbe ) in Bursa , 1421). Another example is the faience from Iznik , which was once also famous in Europe .

gallery

Web links

Commons : Turquoise  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: turquoise  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color 40E0D0 (Turquoise). forret.com
  2. ^ Franz Wenzel: AGFA light filter. Fotokino-Verlag, Halle 1957.
  3. ↑ The color spectrum in sRGB / The visible spectrum in sRGB .
  4. ^ As mentioned in the Etymological Dictionary by K. Lokotsch, quoted in Grimm's dictionary .
  5. ^ William Jervis Jones: Historical Lexicon of German Color Designations . Walter de Gruyter, 2013, 3308 pages. Online in Google Book Search. ISBN 978-3-05-005953-2 , as an e-book ISBN 978-3-05-006322-5
  6. ↑ p. 2508.
  7. ↑ on p. 2804.
  8. ↑ turquoise blue. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 22 : Treib – Tz - (XI, 1st section, part 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1952 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ). “Turquoise blue fired stones” Olearius
  9. ↑ turquoise blue . In: Jones: Lexicon .
  10. ↑ John Walker : Color Rendering of Spectra . - (English)