Nishapur
| Nishapur | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 |
|||
|
|||
| Basic data | |||
| Country: |
 Iran
|
||
| Province : | Razavi Khorasan | ||
| Coordinates : | 36 ° 12 ' N , 58 ° 48' E | ||
| Height : | 1194 m | ||
| Residents : | 232,563 (2012) | ||
| Time zone : | UTC +3: 30 | ||
Nishapur or Nishabur even Neyschabur or (in English publications) Neyshabour ( Persian نیشابور, DMG Neyšābūr ), is a town in high mountains in the Razavi-Khorasan Province in Iran . The Silk Road runs through them . It is a traditional center of the ceramic industry and carpet production .
history
During the Sassanid period (224–651), the city played an important role in imparting knowledge between East and West: the universities of the Sassanid Empire (especially in Nisibis and Nishapur) dealt with medicine , law and philosophy , among other things . One rezipierte the Greek - Roman knowledge, conversely, reached via the Sassanid Empire and knowledge to the West. The missionary work of the Manichaeans and Nestorians in China also began here.
Nishapur also played a key role in the defense of the Persian north-eastern border against nomadic invaders from the late ancient Central Asian region . In the course of the Islamic expansion , the city fell to the caliphate in 650.
The city was the residence of the Persian Tahirid dynasty after 820 , so it quickly developed into a Persian and Arab center. With the conquests of the Saffarids , Nishapur was finally lost to the Tahirids in 873.
Nishapur is considered the eighth largest city in the world with 125,000 inhabitants in the year 1000 and is included in Persia. In the 11th century, Baghdad and Nishapur, where the theologian, philosopher and mystic Al-Ghazāli also taught, had the largest university libraries of that time ( see: National Library of Baghdad ).
The Mongols under Genghis Khan conquered the city in 1221 and caused a massacre among the inhabitants.
Attractions
- The tomb of the Persian poet, mathematician and polymath Omar Chajjam .
- The mausoleum of the Persian poet Fariduddin Attar, built by the Timurid politician and artist Mir ʿAli Schir Nawāʾi (1441–1501) in Herat .
traffic
The city lies on the Garmsar – Mashhad railway line , the direct rail link between Tehran and Mashhad . At least 320 people were killed in the 2004 railway accident in Nishapur when toxic chemicals exploded.
Town twinning
-
Kairouan , Tunisia
-
Balkh , Afghanistan
-
Merw , Turkmenistan
-
Bukhara , Uzbekistan
-
Samarkand , Uzbekistan
Famous sons and daughters
- Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (817 / 821–875), author of the most important collection of Islamic hadiths alongside the collection of al-Buchari
- as-Sulami (937-1021), Islamic mystic
- Abu l-Wafa (940–998), was a Persian mathematician and astronomer
- Ahmad ibn Muhammad ath-Thaʿlabī (died 1035/1036) was one of the most important Koran scholars and hadith collectors of his time
- al-Quschairī (986-1072), Sufi and Koran commentator, author of the Sufi account al-Risāla
- al-Juwainī (1028-1085), Shafiite lawyer and theologian
- Omar Chajjam (around 1048 - 1123), Persian mathematician, astronomer, philosopher and poet
- Fariduddin Attar (around 1136 - around 1220 or November 3, 1221), Islamic mystic and Persian poet
- Hadschi Baktasch Wali (13th century), Persian mystic and traveling preacher in Anatolia
- Aqa Buzurg-i-Nishapuri Badi ' (1852-1869), he brought the letter from Bahāʾullāh to Nāser ad-Din Shah and was killed for it
- Hossein Vahid Khorasani (* 1921), Iranian Grand Ayatollah
- Farroch Tamimi (* 1933), poet and essayist
- Mohammad Reza Schafi'i Kadkani (* 1939), Persian poet of modern poetry as well as university professor and commentator on classical texts
- Nur Ali Shushari (1948–2009), Brigadier General of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Pasdaran
- Parviz Meshkatian (1955–2009), santur player and composer
- Abdolreza Kahani (* 1973), Iranian filmmaker
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: