Theodor Heidhues

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Theodor Heidhues on an excursion in the Siebengebirge

Theodor Heidhues (born August 15, 1933 in Lippborg , Westphalia , † November 11, 1978 in Göttingen , Lower Saxony ) was a German agricultural economist.

After graduating from high school in Beckum , Heidhues studied agriculture at the University of Göttingen . After his diploma (1958) and doctorate ( Cornell University , 1961), he completed his habilitation at the University of Göttingen. From 1967 on he was professor of agricultural economics there. From 1970 Heidhues was a member of the Science Council , from 1972 to 1976 its chairman. In 1975 he became a member of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen . In 1976 he was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit 1st Class. Two years later, Theodor Heidhues died of cancer at the age of only 45. He left behind his wife and three children.

Scientific achievements

After Heidhues had first worked in the field of animal breeding and here is the methodological basis of quantitative selection process, he turned to the degree and doctorate at the suggestion of Göttingen agricultural economist Emil Woermann of Agricultural Economics to. With his habilitation in 1965 he acquired the venia legendi for this subject. He devoted himself to the further development of methodological approaches such as recursive programming and the theoretical treatment and quantitative recording of the imbalance phenomenon as a constitutive element of economic and economic policy adjustment processes as well as important issues relating to the content of European agricultural policy , world food and international trade. Heidhues worked closely with a number of internationally outstanding agricultural economists. Several of his students achieved prominent national and international positions in science, administration and agricultural policy. His work was consistently aimed at making scientific findings useful as decision-making aids for political decision-makers. In 1966, this also led to his appointment to the Scientific Advisory Board of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forests.

The experience gained as a university professor and researcher in the United States and Germany "very soon pushed Heidhues to address the unsolved problems of the organization of research and teaching and its institutions in a radically changed environment."

Science Council

During the time when Heidhues was chairman, u. a. The recommendations of the Science Council on the organization, planning and promotion of research were resolved, the annual recommendations on the framework plans for university construction were developed into an important instrument for joint expansion planning by the federal and state governments, and the recommendations on the scope and structure of the tertiary sector were prepared.

The discussions about the design of the courses on offer at universities in the Federal Republic of Germany during this period were largely characterized by the increase in the number of persons entitled to study and the number of new students (the number of new students almost tripled between 1960 and 1975), the expansion of the study place capacities and the extension of the actual number of places Duration of study. In relation to this, Heidhues' commitment to education policy was shaped by the following principles:

- Keeping the universities open to all those entitled to study,

- accordingly, the willingness of universities to provide broad training

- while securing research and elite training as well

- a job market that is adapting to the changing range of academics, especially in the public sector.

During his tenure, Heidhues “tried with all the means available to him and the Science Council to convince the German universities, and in particular the universities, that the quantitative expansion was a new, important and worthwhile one for them, but also one with the Heidhues, with knowledge of foreign, especially US universities, considered a demand-oriented further expansion of the tertiary area with a formal and content-related differentiation of the courses and consecutive degrees necessary. He also advocated greater openness of German universities to foreign countries and foreigners, and in this respect he also referred to his positive experiences as an exchange student, as an assistant professor and as a visiting professor in the United States.

After Heidhues failed to convince the universities and politicians of the necessity of a fundamental structural reform with internal differentiation of the range of courses and permeability when preparing the recommendations on the scope and structure of the tertiary sector, a dispute arose in the Science Council over the assumptions for Development of the number of university graduates and first-year students until 1995, which prevented the adoption of these recommendations during Heidhues' time as chairman. These recommendations were then decided in a special meeting of the Science Council in June 1976, albeit with reservations on the part of one country. The assumptions about the development of education were later overtaken by the actual expansion of secondary and tertiary education.

His plea for the expansion of the universities of applied sciences was entirely in line with his ideas about the differentiation of the types of university and the range of courses on offer at universities.

During the time of Heidhues as chairman of the Science Council, the science council was "taken hostage" by the federal government and some state governments, who wanted to maintain the German Education Council with the termination of the federal-state agreement on the Science Council in December 1974 . Heidhues campaigned "emphatically" and successfully for the existence of the Science Council. He was supported by the West German Rectors' Conference and from the parliamentary area. After the agreement had initially been extended by one year, an agreement was reached between the federal government and the states on the continuation of the Science Council and the agreement was signed in a partially revised form on May 27, 1975 for an additional three years.

rating

In the 1970s, the time was not yet ripe for Heidhues' future-oriented assumptions and proposals to be implemented. The later development of the education sector proved him right in his central considerations.

During his time as chairman of the Science Council “he suggested ... that the quantitative expansion of the German higher education system should also be taken into account by means of graded degrees ( Bachelor , Master ). If a serious illness hadn't called him off too soon, he would have been able to experience a good twenty years later how this early insight gradually paves its way. "

The introduction of the tiered study structure was agreed in 1999 when the majority of European countries agreed on the introduction of the Bachelor-Master structure in the so-called Bologna Process . According to the Accreditation Council, there are now almost 5,000 Bachelor programs and more than 4,400 Master’s programs at German universities. The universities of applied sciences have been expanded and have developed a particular dynamic in the development of new courses, including through internationally oriented courses. With the Heisenberg program and later the graduate colleges , the Emmy Noether program and other measures, programs were created to promote young academics. As early as 1972, Heidhues had identified the increase in the number of persons entitled to study to more than half of a cohort as a long-term goal; According to the data portal of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research ( BMBF ), the rate has been more than 50% since 2011.

The great appreciation for Heidhues at home and abroad was expressed at the commemoration ceremony on February 16, 1979 at the University of Göttingen and with great international participation at the Theodor Heidhues Memorial Seminar from November 6 to 8, 1980 at Berlepsch Castle near Göttingen.

Technical publications

  • Accuracy of the selection index method in samples from populations with unknown parameters. PhD dissertation Cornell University 1961
  • with Manfred Köhne, Josef Vasthoff: Opportunities and opportunities for small businesses. circa 1964
  • Development possibilities of agricultural enterprises under different price assumptions. A study on the effects of agricultural price policy in the EEC on the organization, income and capital formation of agricultural businesses in Lower Saxony. Habilitation thesis Göttingen 1965, Hamburg 1966
  • Target-means systems in agricultural policy. Journal for the entire political science, Tübingen 1966, pp. 87-108
  • A recursive programming model of farm growth in Northern Germany. Madison 1966
  • with Hans-Günther Schlotter: Agriculture in the national and global economic development. Munich 1968
  • with Günther Schmitt: On the reorientation of agricultural policy. Hanover 1969
  • Requirements and possibilities for a reorientation in agricultural policy. Hanover 1969
  • Agricultural policy: the conflict between needs and reality. Goettingen 1970
  • Agricultural Policy the conflict between needs and reality; paper prepared for the symposium on "Some Aspects of the Structure of Animal Production in Europe". org. by the European Association for Animal Production ..., Rome, June 9-11, 1970, Göttingen 1970
  • Dynamic microeconomic analysis of agricultural change: a general model and application in German agriculture. Madison 1971
  • with Stefan Tangermann: On the current situation in agriculture: the influence of currency devaluation as well as the most recent monetary policy measures; Submission for a discussion on agricultural policy problems at the Advisory Council for the assessment of macroeconomic development in Wiesbaden on September 10, 1971. Göttingen 1971
  • Pressure to adapt in agriculture; a never-ending process? Göttingen 1972
  • The world food problem - production and distribution, lecture at the 107th meeting of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors in Munich in October 1972. in Coping with Progress, in Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors (ed.), Berlin, Heidelberg 1973, p. 49– 61
  • Sectoral and regional analysis objectives and methods. Göttingen 1973
  • with Hartwig de Haen: Recursive programming models to simulate agricultural development applications in West Germany. Göttingen 1973
  • World markets for agricultural products. Goettingen 1976
  • with Doris Hollstein: Analysis of the world markets for grain. Goettingen 1976
  • Some agro-political trouble spots with changed macroeconomic and global economic conditions: Lecture event by Strothe-Verlag on the occasion of the 54th DLG exhibition. Munich 1976
  • Modern agriculture: an indispensable part of society. (Lecture), Göttingen 1976
  • Current problems in North American-European agricultural trade. Goettingen 1976
  • Change: A permanent phenomenon in agriculture. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 1976, pp. 151-162
  • National policy decisions as an adaptive process. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 1976, pp. 349-389
  • Price and market policy for agriculture. Food Policy, 1976. pp. 116-129
  • The Influence of Overall Economic Development on the Structure of Agriculture: University Conference 1977. Göttingen 1977
  • World food: interdependence of farm and trade policies. London 1977
  • The gains from trade: an applied political analysis. Göttingen 1977
  • Common prices and Europe's farm policy. London 1978
  • Food Scarcity and Abundance: Can the World Establish a Stable System of Trade and Aid? Berlin 1979

University and research

  • Lines of development in agricultural economic research and training, lecture as part of a celebratory colloquium on the occasion of the 70th birthday of Professor Dr. Dr. hc E. Woermann on December 12, 1969 in Göttingen. unpublished
  • The Planning of Higher Education at National Level in the Federal Republic of Germany. Manuscript reproduced, Paper CCC / ESR (73) 34 of the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, April 30, 1973
  • Scientific publishers: partners and promoters of the sciences. In ???, pp. 34-41, Berlin 1973
  • Qualitative consequences of the quantitative expansion for university entrance, training and professional opportunities. Lecture at the '74 Congress “Education - Claim and Fulfillment”, Kiel, September 7, 1974, unpublished
  • Statement by the chairman of the Science Council on the reorganization of the advisory bodies in the education sector (submitted on September 18, 1974 to a working group of the state chancelleries of the federal states). In: Wissenschaftsrat, Recommendations and Statements 1974. Cologne 1975, pp. 181–194
  • Reform or regulation - answers to the university misery. Lecture on the occasion of the conference “University reform between the high school graduation boom and the need for academics”. Eichholz Academy October 1975 - unpublished?
  • The opportunities for research in a changing higher education sector. In: H. Albrecht, G. Schmitt (Ed.): Research and training in the field of economic and social sciences in agriculture. Munich, Bern, Vienna 1975, pp. 3–12
  • Twenty Years of the Science Council - The lost unity of educational planning. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung No. 259 of November 10, 1977, p. 9
  • American influences on education, research and university structure in the Federal Republic of Germany. In: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Westdeutsche Rektorenkonferenz, Wissenschaftsrat, lecture event on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the independence of the United States of America, ballroom of the University of Bonn, June 8th 1976, no year, pp. 35 to 66
  • Tasks of the Science Council in the coming decade - Discussion template for a debate in the Science Council on the occasion of its 20th anniversary on November 10, 1977 in Berlin.

literature

  • Commemoration for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1979. with contributions by Wolfgang Knigge, Hans-Heinrich Voigt, Günther Schmitt, Ulf Renborg and Wilhelm A. Kewenig, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1978, p. 56– 84
  • Hartwig de Haen, Glenn Johnson, Stefan Tangermann (eds.): Agriculture and international relations: Analysis and Policy: Essays in Memory of Theodor Heidhues. London 1985 and 1987
  • Stefan Tangermann: Theodor Heidhues 1933–1978, Agrarökonomie, full member since 1975. In: Göttinger Gelehre, The Göttingen Academy of Sciences in Portraits and Appreciations 1751–2001, Göttingen 2001, p. 690
  • International Biographical Archive 51/1978 of December 11, 1978.

Individual evidence

  1. Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 108.
  2. The following illustration follows the contribution by Günther Schmitt at the memorial service for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1976, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1979, p. 60 ff.
  3. a b Commemoration for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1979. with contributions by Wolfgang Knigge, Hans-Heinrich Voigt, Günther Schmitt, Ulf Renborg and Wilhelm A. Kewenig, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1978, p 61
  4. Ulf Renborg: In memory of Theodor Heidhues. In: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1979, p. 71 ff.
  5. ↑ in more detail: ders .: Theodor Heidhues' Contribution to the Analysis of Agriculture and International Relations. In: Hartwig de Haen, Glenn Johnson, Stefan Tangermann (Eds.): Agriculture and International Relations, Analysis and Policy: Essays in Memory of Theodor Heidhues. London 1985 and 1987, p. 19 ff.
  6. ^ Recommendations of the Science Council on the Organization, Planning and Promotion of Research (November 1974), Cologne 1975
  7. Framework planning according to the University Building Funding Act on the basis of Art. 91 a GG
  8. ^ Wissenschaftsrat, Recommendations on the scope and structure of the tertiary sector (June 1976), Cologne 1976
  9. The proportion of first-year students rose from 7% of an age group in 1960 ( high school graduation rate and first-year student rate ) to 20.4% in 1975 ( http://www.datenportal.bmbf.de/portal/de/Tabelle-2.5.85 .html - both accessed on September 27, 2015)
  10. ^ Theodor Heidhues. Twenty Years of the Science Council - The lost unity of educational planning, in: Süddeutsche Zeitung No. 259 of November 10, 1977, p. 9; in this sense Wilhelm A. Kewenig in his commemorative speech for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1979 “About the work of Theodor Heidhues in science policy”, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1979, p. 76 ff.
  11. ^ Commemoration for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1979. with contributions by Wolfgang Knigge, Hans-Heinrich Voigt, Günther Schmitt, Ulf Renborg and Wilhelm A. Kewenig, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1978, p. 77
  12. ^ Commemoration for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1979. with contributions by Wolfgang Knigge, Hans-Heinrich Voigt, Günther Schmitt, Ulf Renborg and Wilhelm A. Kewenig, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1978, p. 78
  13. ^ Theodor Heidhues, American influences on education, research and university structure in the Federal Republic of Germany in: German Research Foundation, Max Planck Society, West German Rectors' Conference, Science Council, lecture event on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the independence of the United States of America, festival hall of the university Bonn, June 8, 1976, no year, pp. 35 to 66
  14. ^ Wissenschaftsrat, Recommendations on the scope and structure of the tertiary sector (June 1976), Cologne 1976, p. 8
  15. Theodor Heidhues, Priority for the Expansion of the Universities of Applied Sciences - University Policy in the Event of Declining Economic Growth, in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of September 25, 1975
  16. Now the politicians have the last word, in: DUZ / HD 8/75, p. 320
  17. ↑ In detail, Olaf Bartz. Science Council and University Planning, dissertation, Cologne 2006, 199 ff.
  18. ^ Theodor Heidhues, Tasks of the Science Council in the Coming Decade - Discussion template for a debate in the Science Council on the occasion of its 20th anniversary on November 10, 1977 in Berlin - unpublished
  19. ^ Resolution of the 113th plenum of the West German Rectors' Conference (WRK) of February 17, 1975, in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of February 20, 1975, “Pleading for the Science Council. Rectors' conference in Bonn. FDP and CDU appeal to the government ”. The WRK was renamed the University Rectors' Conference after reunification.
  20. Stefan Tangermann , Theodor Heidhues, 1933–1978, Agrarökonomie, full member since 1975, in: Göttinger Gelehre, Die Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen in portraits and appraisals 1751–2001, Göttingen 2001, p. 690. The ideas about differentiation “within Federal President Walter Scheel took up again in a speech to members of the Science Council on January 26, 1978 in Berlin. See Bulletin of the Federal Government No. 9 of January 31, 1978, pp. 77 f. - The discussions at that time were still largely conducted without the qualifications “Bachelor” and “Master”.
  21. http://www.akkreditierungsrat.de/ , requested on September 20, 2015
  22. ^ Commemoration for Theodor Heidhues on February 16, 1979. with contributions by Wolfgang Knigge, Hans-Heinrich Voigt, Günther Schmitt, Ulf Renborg and Wilhelm A. Kewenig, in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1978, p. 82 : “The Heisenberg program ... is one of the fruits of this very personal commitment. Theodor Heidhues has significantly influenced the conceptual preparatory work for this program. ”See also Theodor Heidhues, For the really best! In: Bild der Wissenschaft 4-1977, p. 154 f.
  23. ↑ Comprehensive universities have priority, in: Kölner Stadtanzeiger of February 1, 1972
  24. Proportion of those with university entrance qualifications in the age-specific population (proportion of those with university entrance qualifications) by type of university entrance qualification , accessed on 21 September 2015
  25. ^ The memorial speeches were published in the yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1978. Göttingen 1979, pp. 56–84
  26. The seminar papers were published in: Hartwig de Haen, Glenn Johnson, Stefan Tangermann (Eds.): Agriculture and international relations: Analysis and Policy: Essays in Memory of Theodor Heidhues. London 1985 and 1987