Therese von Zandt

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Ivory miniature of an unknown lady from Beethoven's estate (around 1805), possibly Therese von Zandt; Original in the Beethoven House in Bonn . - In the older literature allegedly a portrait of Giulietta Guicciardi .

Anna Therese Friederike von Zandt zu Reichartshausen (born June 18, 1771 in Düsseldorf ; † December 26, 1858 there ) was a German pianist and singer. She is the mother of the composers Friedrich Burgmüller and Norbert Burgmüller .

Life

Therese and August Burgmüller as spectators at Napoleon's entry into Düsseldorf on November 3, 1811, colored engraving by Johann Petersen (excerpt); City Museum Düsseldorf . - As in the portrait from Beethoven's estate, Therese has short brown hair and wears a white dress and a red sash over her left shoulder.

Therese von Zandt was the youngest daughter of the couple

  • Johann Gerhard Franz Freiherr von Zandt (born November 18, 1740 Mannheim ; † March 18, 1807 Düsseldorf-Karlstadt), most recently major general of the cavalry and
  • Maria Sophia Reichsfreiin von Lindenfels (born September 8, 1745 Wolframshof Castle near Kastl ; † November 28, 1802 Düsseldorf).

The mother Therese von Zandt was accepted into the Star Cross Order in 1795 ; she herself was from 1783 to 1805 canon of the aristocratic free world ladies' monastery in Asbeck in Westphalia .

However, she initially continued to live in Düsseldorf, where she was also mentioned as a singer in a concert by a musician named Ferretti on January 11, 1792, in which she appeared with two “bravura arias” and two other vocal performances.

From 1792 to 1794 she was also the student and lover of her future husband Friedrich August Burgmüller , whom she lost track of when her parents discovered the relationship and banned it. Afterwards she probably lived in Leipzig , temporarily also in Vienna .

The re-encounter with Burgmüller did not take place until August 25, 1804 in Regensburg . They married on May 13, 1805, and in June / July 1807 the couple moved to Düsseldorf.

In Düsseldorf she was a sought-after piano teacher. According to the lawyer and music lover Joseph Hertz (1821–1904), a friend of the family, she made a decisive contribution to the family's livelihood “through the excellent piano lessons she gave in the first families in town”. Her students included the children of Count Franz von Nesselrode-Ehreshoven (1783–1847), including Maximilian von Nesselrode-Ehreshoven . The count was later the most important patron of her son Norbert. In his expenditure book, a kind of diary, “Madame Burgmüller” is recorded for the first time on January 31, 1826.

From 1838 she campaigned for the publication of Norbert's estate and sold part of it to Friedrich Hofmeister's publishing house in Leipzig. The contract was signed on September 17, 1841.

Alleged relationship with Beethoven

Address on Beethoven's letter to Rochlitz, January 4, 1804, presumably from Therese von Zandt; Striking is the strong pressure on the end trains of the capital letters R (Rochlitz) and L (Leipzig)
Therese von Zandt, seal and signature, May 15, 1804; the strong pressure at the end of the capital letter Z (Zandt) is striking

The Beethoven researcher Klaus Martin Kopitz put forward the thesis that Therese von Zandt was from 1798 an employee of the Leipziger Allgemeine Musical Zeitung , edited by Friedrich Rochlitz , and the author of the amounts listed there under the abbreviation “Z. . . ." published. In the autumn of 1803 she traveled to Vienna and recommended the Fidelio material to Beethoven , which Rochlitz was translating from French at the time. Afterwards she was probably Beethoven's lover for "seven full months" - from December 5, 1803 to July 5, 1804. Beethoven's pupil Ferdinand Ries , who was taught by Beethoven from 1803 to 1805, witnessed this relationship . Ries mentions in his memories of Beethoven:

“He was in love a lot, but mostly only for a short time. Since I once teased him about the conquest of a beautiful lady, he confessed that she had tied him the strongest and for the longest - namely seven full months . "

Beethoven was probably referring to Therese von Zandt, who, according to Kopitz, also wrote the address on the letter that Beethoven addressed to Friedrich Rochlitz on January 4, 1804. In it he informed the latter that he did not want to set a libretto that Rochlitz had sent but was not well known, but that he had just started setting the Fidelio libretto to music . It is the only known letter from Beethoven to Rochlitz.

The libretto was originally written by Pierre Gaveaux and was initially set to music by Jean Nicolas Bouilly as Léonore, ou L'amour conjugal in 1798 . The German translation by Rochlitz was made for the second setting by Ferdinando Paër and was first published on the occasion of the premiere of his Leonora on October 3, 1804 in Dresden .

Rochlitz was evidently very angry about this “intellectual theft”, so that Beethoven wrote in a letter to the Leipzig publisher Breitkopf & Härtel on July 5, 1806 : “Kindly recommend me hr. Rochliz, I hope his bad blood against me will have thinned out somewhat, tell him that I wouldn't be so ignorant of foreign literature that I didn't know, Mr. v. Rochliz wrote very beautiful things ”.

A letter from Beethoven, which he addressed to the painter Willibrord Joseph Mähler , probably in December 1803, may also refer to Therese von Zandt :

"I ask you very much as soon as you have needed my portrait enough to send it back to me - if you still need it, I ask you at least to speed it up - I have the portrait of a strange lady who is the same saw me, promised to give to her room during her stay here [= for] a few weeks before - who can resist such irritating demands . "

Mähler later told the Beethoven biographer Alexander Wheelock Thayer that he created his famous Beethoven portrait in the winter of 1803/04 when the composer was busy finishing the Eroica .

Honor

In honor of Therese von Zandt, a "Therese Cabinet" was opened in Asbeck Abbey in June 2018, in which her family is also honored.

literature

  • Klaus Martin Kopitz , “Seven full months”. Beethoven and Therese von Zandt , in: Musica , Jg. 49 (1995), pp. 325-332
  • Marie-Elisabeth Tellenbach: Found another Beethoven lover - or invented? To Klaus Martin Kopitz: "Seven full months". Beethoven and Therese von Zandt. In: Musica , Vol. 50 (1996), pp. 78-83.
  • Klaus Martin Kopitz , The Düsseldorf composer Norbert Burgmüller. A life between Beethoven - Spohr - Mendelssohn , Kleve 1998, ISBN 3-9805931-6-9
  • Rainer Cadenbach : The Léonore in front of the Leonore or: “The light of the elegant and sensible French operas” - starting points for Beethoven's perspective on the Fait historique en deux actes et en prose, mêlé de chants by Bouilly and Gaveaux. In: From Leonore to Fidelio. Lectures and presentations at the Bonn Symposium 1997. Ed. By Helga Lühning and Wolfram Steinbeck , Frankfurt a. M. 2000, pp. 93-119.
  • Bernhard Laukötter: Asbeck Abbey. Legden 2005.
  • Klaus Martin Kopitz : Beethoven and his reviewers. A look behind the scenes of the Allgemeine Musical Zeitung. In: Beethoven and the Leipziger Musikverlag Breitkopf & Härtel - "I give your story priority over all others". Edited by Nicole Kämpken and Michael Ladenburger, Bonn 2007, pp. 149–167.
  • Heinz von Loesch and Claus Raab (eds.): The Beethoven Lexicon. Laaber 2008, ISBN 978-3-89007-476-4 , pp. 863f.
  • “I only believed in music” - Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter , memories of Norbert Burgmüller. Edited by Klaus Martin Kopitz, book accompanying the exhibition on the composer's 200th birthday at the Heinrich Heine Institute , Düsseldorf 2010.
  • Bernhard Laukötter, The life of a young lady. In: Münsterländische Volkszeitung. November 28, 2010 ( Memento from November 30, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  • Bernhard Laukötter and Reinhold Hülsewiesche: Therese von Zandt in Asbeck Abbey. Legden-Asbeck 2018.

References and comments

  1. ^ Description on the Beethoven-Haus website
  2. ↑ Kopitz (1998), p. 35
  3. ↑ Joseph Hertz, Norbert Burgmüller , in: Düsseldorfer Anzeiger , vol. 26, no. 123 of May 28, 1864 (first sheet), p. 1f. The biographical contribution was published for the inauguration of the Burgmüller grave monument on May 29, 1864.
  4. ↑ Kopitz (1998), p. 132
  5. ^ Klaus Tischendorf and Tobias Koch , Norbert Burgmüller. Thematic-bibliographical catalog raisonné , Cologne 2011, p. 10
  6. ^ Franz Gerhard Wegeler and Ferdinand Ries, Biographical Notes on Ludwig van Beethoven , Koblenz 1838, p. 117 (digitized version)
  7. ↑ See Ludwig van Beethoven, Correspondence. Complete edition , Volume 1, ed. by Sieghard Brandenburg , Munich 1996, pp. 205–207, here: "Address from another hand"
  8. ↑ Kopitz (2007), p. 161
  9. ^ Ludwig van Beethoven, Correspondence. Complete edition , Volume 1, ed. by Sieghard Brandenburg , Munich 1996, p. 237, here dated: "probably 1804"
  10. ↑ Beethoven from the point of view of his contemporaries , ed. by Klaus Martin Kopitz and Rainer Cadenbach, Munich: Henle, 2009, Volume 2, p. 564
  11. ^ Ronny von Wangenheim, Theresenkabinett in the Hunnenpforte opens. Stiftsdorf Asbeck now has a Theresenkabinett , in: Münsterland-Zeitung , June 14, 2018 ( online )

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Zandt, Therese von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zandt zu Reichartshausen, Anna Therese Friederike von; Burgmüller, Therese
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pianist, singer and music journalist
DATE OF BIRTH June 18, 1771
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf
DATE OF DEATH December 26, 1858
Place of death Dusseldorf