Thomas organist

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As Thomas organist the main church musician (are organist ) of the Lutheran Thomas Church in Leipzig designated; the office has a long history. Although there are among the organist Thomas outstanding musicians, organists are in the public eye behind the Thomas cantors and the St. Thomas Boys Choir back.

The Bach researcher Martin Petzoldt was the first to take a closer look at the life and work of the Thomas organists. Sooner or later, according to the files, six of the functionaries were also Thomaskantors: Georg Rhau , Johann Schelle , Johann Kuhnau , Wilhelm Rust , Karl Straube and Günther Ramin . A close personal relationship has existed since the 19th century with the organ classes and the church music institute of today's Leipzig University of Music . The work of the Thomas organist has been characterized by a lively concert activity at home and abroad since the 20th century. Ullrich Böhme has held the office since 1986 .

history

Sauer organ in the St. Thomas Church as a place of activity of the Thomas organist in Leipzig

Georg Rhau is listed as the first Thomas organist (1528), although it is unclear why. The vital dates of some organists, and even the full name of Franz, are unknown. There is evidence that both Georg Rhau and Wolfgang Otto identified with the Reformation . In 1539 the organist received post-Reformation Thomaskantors as colleagues.

From the middle of the 16th century, the incumbent Thomas organist lived rent-free in a house in the city of Leipzig on Barfüßer-Kirchhof . With Georg Engelmann the Elder Ä. and Georg Engelmann d. J. were for the first time successively father and son Thomas organists, which was due to the non-appearance ( Caspar Schwartze , 1633) resp. the rejection ( Gottfried Scheidt , 1634) of two candidates became possible. After the resignation of the candidates Albert Schop and Johannes Bertner , Gerhard Preisensin became Thomas organist in 1663 . When Jacob Weckmann was appointed, the Thomaskantoren son Johann Samuel Schein was also involved in the application process , although he lost. The Italian Vincenzo Albrici converted to Lutheranism especially for the position of organist, but reconverted to Catholicism after his escape from Leipzig. In Bach's time, Christian Gräbner and Johann Gottlieb Görner were Thomas organists. The latter was followed by his son Carl Friedrich Görner .

A close relationship developed between the Leipzig Conservatory (Music Academy), founded in 1843, and the organists of the St. Thomas Church. Christian August Pohlenz , for example , was the designated singing teacher, and the organ teacher Wilhelm Rust was the first Thomas organist to be a member of the college. In 1901 Karl Piutti was entrusted with the management of the organist school. Thomas organist Karl Straube was awarded the title of professor in 1908 . Also Günther Ramin and Hans Heintze lectured at the conservatory. After the rifts in the GDR, the current Thomas organist (Ullrich Böhme) is now again a lecturer, namely honorary professor for artistic organ playing at the Church Music Institute.

Karl Straube , once known as the “organist maker”, prevailed in 1902 against applicants such as Gustav Wohlgemuth , Bernhard Pfannstiehl , Hans Hiller , Ernst Müller and Max Birn . From the beginning of the 20th century the Thomas organist was increasingly involved in concert activities outside of Germany. A simultaneous occupation of the offices of Thomaskantor and Thomas organist, as Ramin had in mind, could not be realized. Ramin gave concerts during his tenure a. a. in Scandinavia, in the Soviet Union, in the USA, in Austria, in Hungary, in Switzerland, in England and in France. Karl Richter , only briefly in office, took part in the International Bach Festival in 1950, undertook concert tours with the St. Thomas Choir and the St. Thomas Cantor in the Federal Republic of Germany and Switzerland and took part in radio recordings in St. Thomas Church. For his performance on the organ on the occasion of the Bach celebrations, he received the National Prize of the GDR III. Art and literature class.

Election procedure

At the beginning of the 19th century, the choice of Thomas organist was as follows:

  • Election by the City Council of Leipzig
  • Taking the exam through presentation in the consistory
  • Signing the visitation articles
  • Consistory confirms candidates
  • Instruction in the office by the city council

After an administrative reform, the Royal Saxon District Directorate had to approve and an oath of office had to be taken before the Leipzig superintendent , which Geißler (1843) read as follows:

“I, Carl Friedrich August Geißler, hereby swear to God that I will administer the assigned function as organist to the best of my conscience and knowledge, while closely observing the laws of the country and the constitution, and will present myself to the orders of my superiors everywhere; So help me God through Jesus Christ, his Son, our Lord [4 July 1843]. "

When the judge was elected in 1949, the city's collature law was no longer applied. In contrast to previous years, the last vacancies for the Thomas organist's office were advertised publicly.

Thomas organists

Public officials

The following list (based on Petzoldt) gives a chronological overview of the Thomas organists:

* Ammerbach was represented by Simon Zenker (1573) and Konrad Berlich (1575) during his illnesses .
** Preisensin was a substitute from 1558
*** Keimel and Schelle held the office alternately.
**** Görner was a substitute from 1768.

More people

Georg Engelmann the Elder J. , later Thomas organist himself, played the organ around 1633 "on a trial basis or as a substitute". Paper's representative on the organ of the St. Thomas Church in the second half of the 19th century was Franz Preitz .

Günther Ramin , later Thomas organist himself, represented Straube during his studies in the 1910s. From 1917 to 1919 the representative Ramin was then again represented by the Finn Páll Ísólfsson . Ramin's assistants included Helmut Walcha (1927–1929), Hans Heintze (1930–1932) and Herbert Collum (1932–1935). Heintze was discovered during military service and as a prisoner of war by Eberhard Bonitz (1941), Eduard Büchsel (1941/1942), Beate Schmidt (1942/1943), Günter Metz (1942, 1943/1944), Christian Göttsching (1944), Christa Wildeis ( 1944–1949) and Ekkehard Tietze (1948/1949).

From 1949 and from 1951 to 1953, Hannes Kästner , later Thomas organist himself, was the representative of the last vacant position. From 1955 to 1964 Jutta Grimm was Kästner's permanent representative organist. Her successor was the cantor and (second) organist Almuth Reuther from 1964 to 2003 . From 2003 to 2009 Johannes Unger and from 2009 to 2015 Daniel Beilschmidt was assistant organist Böhmes. In addition, Stefan Kießling has been assisting since 2009 .

gallery

  • Georg Rhau

  • Johann Kuhnau

  • Friedrich Schneider

  • Christian August Pohlenz

  • Wilhelm Rust

  • Karl Piutti

  • Karl Straube

  • Günther Ramin

Discography

  • Organ works by Leipzig Thomas organists from five centuries. Andreas Düben, Elias Nicolaus Ammerbach, Johann Kuhnau, Günther Ramin, Wilhelm Rust, Karl Piutti. Ullrich Böhme on the Schuke and Sauer organs in the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig. Motette-Ursina-Schallplattenverlag, 1992.

literature

  • Stefan Altner : The Thomaskantorat in the 19th century: Applicants and candidates for the Leipzig Thomaskantorat in the years 1842 to 1918, source studies on the development of the Thomaskantorat and the St. Thomas Choir from the discontinuation of the public singing in 1837 to the first trip abroad in 1920. 2. Corr. Ed., Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2007, ISBN 3-938543-15-9 , pp. 161-165.
  • Christoph Krummacher : Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship with the Leipzig “Conservatorium der Musik” . In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. In cooperation with the University of Leipzig , Chair for Historical Musicology, Helmut Loos , and the Museum for Musical Instruments of the University of Leipzig , Eszter Fontana . Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, ISBN 978-3-89923-238-7 , pp. 256-265.
  • Sabine Näher, Ullrich Böhme : Thomas organist and Thomaskantor - partner or competitor? A conversation with the Thomas organist Prof. Ullrich Böhme. In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. In cooperation with the University of Leipzig, Chair for Historical Musicology, Helmut Loos, and the Museum for Musical Instruments of the University of Leipzig, Eszter Fontana. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, ISBN 978-3-89923-238-7 , pp. 339-345.
  • Martin Petzoldt: The Thomas organists in Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, ISBN 3-374-02300-2 , pp. 95-137.
  • Martin Petzoldt (Ed.): Thomaskirche Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, ISBN 978-3-374-02985-3 , pp. 73-75 / S. 193 f.,

Web links

Commons : Thomasorganist  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Martin Petzoldt (ed.): Thomaskirche Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, p. 73.
  2. ^ A b Martin Petzoldt: The Thomas organists in Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 95.
  3. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from pages 95 ff.
  4. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content of pages 96 f.
  5. ^ A b Martin Petzoldt: The Thomas organists in Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 97.
  6. ^ A b Martin Petzoldt: The Thomas organists in Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 102.
  7. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 103.
  8. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 104.
  9. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content of pages 108 f.
  10. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 111.
  11. ↑ Christoph Krummacher: Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship to the "Leipzig Conservatory of Music". In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, pp. 256–265, content from page 257.
  12. ↑ Christoph Krummacher: Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship to the "Leipzig Conservatory of Music". In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, pp. 256–265, content from page 258.
  13. ↑ Christoph Krummacher: Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship to the "Leipzig Conservatory of Music". In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, pp. 256–265, content from page 260.
  14. ↑ Christoph Krummacher: Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship to the "Leipzig Conservatory of Music". In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, pp. 256–265, content from page 261.
  15. ↑ Christoph Krummacher: Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship to the "Leipzig Conservatory of Music". In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, pp. 256–265, content from page 262.
  16. ↑ Christoph Krummacher: Thomaskantors and Thomas organists in their relationship to the "Leipzig Conservatory of Music". In: Stefan Altner, Martin Petzoldt (eds.): 800 years of Thomana, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the St. Thomas Church, St. Thomas Choir and St. Thomas School. Stekovics, Wettin-Löbejün 2012, pp. 256–265, content from page 264.
  17. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content of pages 121 f.
  18. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 127.
  19. ^ A b Martin Petzoldt: The Thomas organists in Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 134.
  20. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 128.
  21. ↑ Johannes Martin (Ed.): Karl Richter, Zeitdokumente , Vol. 7. Conventus Musicus, Dettelbach 2013, p. 57.
  22. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content of pages 114 f.
  23. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 115.
  24. ^ A b Martin Petzoldt: The Thomas organists in Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 132.
  25. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 137.
  26. ^ Martin Petzoldt (ed.): Thomaskirche Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, p. 193 f.
  27. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 117.
  28. ↑ Hans-Joachim Falkenberg: The organ workshop Wilhelm Sauer 1910-1995. Musikwissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Kleinblittersdorf 1998, p. 83.
  29. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 126.
  30. ↑ Bernd Moeller with Bruno Jahn (ed.): Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie der Theologie und der Kirchen , Vol. 1. Saur, Munich 2005, p. 1382.
  31. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 129.
  32. ^ Dieter Härtwig : Herbert Collum . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography ..
  33. ↑ Christa Wildeis (with photo) in the object database of the City History Museum Leipzig. In: museum.zib.de. August 1, 2013, accessed November 26, 2016 .
  34. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content from page 130.
  35. ↑ Jutta Grimm (with photo) in the object database of the Leipzig City History Museum. In: museum.zib.de. August 1, 2013, accessed November 26, 2016 .
  36. ^ Martin Petzoldt: Die Thomasorganisten zu Leipzig. In: Christian Wolff (Ed.): The organs of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2012, pp. 95–137, content of pages 134 f.
  37. ↑ Vita , www.johannesunger.de, accessed on November 25, 2016.
  38. ↑ Vita , www.danielbeilschmidt.de, accessed on 25 November 2016th