Deep water port

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Deep water port is the name for a port with greater water depth than most ports . There is no uniform definition of the depth , draft or diving depth from which a port may call itself a “deep water port”.

definition

Deep water ports are exclusively sea ​​ports . Very large ocean-going vessels such as tankers , container ships , aircraft carriers or very large cruise ships can only call at deep-water ports with a full load. Most ports have water depths of eight to ten meters and cannot accept Panamax- class ships . Depending on the tide , this depth may only exist temporarily, and often only the berths are dredged to full depth.

There are basically two ways to build deep water harbors:

  • The port will be built in a place where there is a great natural depth of water. The disadvantage is that these ports are often very remote on the land side and sometimes require the construction of extensive access routes.
  • Be at the intended location fairway and berths with dredging brought to the desired depth. Disadvantages here are the higher construction and running costs and possibly disadvantageous ecological and hydrological effects.

For many years, global maritime trade has mainly been carried out in containers. The trend towards ever larger container ships (- which have a maximum draft of up to 16 meters) is leading to an increasing concentration of possible points of contact for container ships in relatively few, central container ports , through which a large part of the sea ​​trade now takes place. Investments are made primarily in ports with a draft of over 16 meters. This is particularly evident in the logistical developments and investments in the New Silk Road and the Chinese One Belt, One Road project.

A Hamburg deep-water port in the Hamburg Wadden Sea was prepared by the Cuxhaven Treaty in 1961, but the plan has not yet been implemented.

Deep water harbors

Exemplary deep water harbors:

Deep-water harbors cannot be built in some waters because they are generally too shallow, such as predominantly the Baltic Sea or the Venice lagoon. For example, the port of Venice or Marghera only has a draft of 11.5 meters. Exceptions to the shallow Baltic Sea are the deep water ports of Aabenraa, Rostock and Eckernförde, the latter being a naval port. The Baltic Sea bay of Kiel Fjord also forms a natural deep-water harbor.

When more and more supertankers (i.e. very large oil tankers) were built at the end of the 1960s, terminals were built into the sea in some places. The oil tankers do not need to enter a port; they dock at the terminal and are loaded or unloaded there. Examples:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nasrin Khaniha, Zahra Pishgahi Fard: Globalization and Important Straits . In: The Social Sciences . Volume 4, Issue 3, 2009, pp. 304-312 (PDF, 761 kB).
  2. ↑ Wolf D. Hartmann, Wolfgang Maennig, Run Wang: Chinas neue Seidenstrasse (2017), p. 51ff.
  3. ↑ see Scharhörn # Tiefwasserhafen
  4. ↑ Port of Sines - General Characteristics (engl.)  ( Page no longer available , searching web archives )  Info: The link is automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 18, 2013@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.portodesines.pt  
  5. ↑ Rostock deep water port ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.offshore-wind.de

Web links

Wiktionary: Tiefwasserhafen  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations