Deep-sea tadpoles

Deep-sea tadpoles
Ijimaia plicatellus
Systematics
Subclass : Real bony fish (Teleostei) Overcohort : Clupeocephala Cohort : Euteleosteomorpha Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei Order : Ateleopodiformes Family : Deep-sea tadpoles
Scientific name of the  order
Ateleopodiformes
Berg , 1937
Scientific name of the  family
Ateleopodidae
Bleeker , 1859

The deep-sea tadpoles (Ateleopodidae) are a family of deep-sea fish that live at depths of 100 to 1200 meters in the Caribbean , the eastern Atlantic , the Indian Ocean , the western Pacific and the eastern Pacific near Costa Rica and Panama .

features

Although they clearly belong to the real bony fish , their skeleton consists largely of cartilage . Deep-sea tadpoles have a remarkably long anal fin that has grown together with the small caudal fin. The small dorsal fin has three to thirteen fin rays and begins directly behind the bulbous-nosed head. Except for Guentherus altivela , the pelvic fins in adult animals consist only of a single fin ray. Deep-sea tadpoles are 37 centimeters to two meters long.

External system

The deep-sea tadpoles are regarded as little researched and their systematic position is controversial. According to Nelson, 2006, the family is monotypically placed in the order deep-sea tadpole-like (Ateleopodiformes) and in the superordinate order Ateleopodomorpha. In the past, the Ateleopodidae were counted among the glossy fish-like (Lampriformes) and recently anatomical and molecular genetic evidence has been found that suggests that they are the sister group of the Lampriformes and, together with them, the sister group of the lantern fish-like (Myctophiformes). Other scientists form a trichotomy from the deep-sea tadpole-like with the Maulstachler (Stomiiformes) and the Eurypterygia , which, in addition to the glossy fish-like and the lantern- fish- like, include the quillfish (Acanthopterygii) and the cod-like .

By outsourcing the Maulstachler from the Neoteleostei in the current revision of the bony fish systematics by R. Betancur-R. et al. (from 2013) the deep-sea tadpoles monotypically form the sub-cohort Ateleopodia, the sister group of Eurypterygia.

The following cladogram shows the systematic position of the deep-sea tadpoles:

Euteleosteomorpha

Neoteleostei     Eurypterygia     Ctenosquamata     Acanthomorphata    Spinefish       Bearded fish      Paracanthopterygii ( Perch-like , Petersfisch-like , Stylephorus chordatus , Cod-like )      Gloss fish-like      Lantern fishy      Lizardfish relatives      Deep-sea tadpoles      Stomiati ( smelt-like , Maulstachler )      Protacanthopterygii ( golden salmon-like , galaxies , salmon fish , pike-like )      Salamander fish

Internal system

There are twelve species in four genera :

Ateleopus japonicus

• Ateleopus
  • Ateleopus edentatus Kaga, 2016 .
  • Ateleopus indicus Alcock , 1891 .
  • Ateleopus japonicus Bleeker , 1854 .
  • Ateleopus natalensis Regan , 1921 .
• Guentherus
  • Guentherus altivela Osório, 1917 .
  • Guentherus katoi Senou, Kuwayama & Hirate, 2008 .
• Ijimaia
  • Ijimaia antillarum Howell Rivero, 1935 .
  • Ijimaia dofleini Sauter, 1905 .
  • Ijimaia fowleri Howell Rivero, 1935 .
  • Ijimaia loppei Roule, 1922 .
  • Ijimaia plicatellus (Gilbert, 1905) .
• Parateleopus
  • Parateleopus microstomus Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 .

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
• K. Sasaki, Y. Tanaka, Y. Takata: Cranial morphology of Ateleopus japonicus (Ateleopodidae: Ateleopodiformes), with a discussion on metamorphic mouth migration and lampridiform affinities doi: 10.1007 / s10228-006-0343-5

Individual evidence

1. ↑ R. Betancur-R., E. Wiley, N. Bailly, A. Acero, M. Miya, G. Lecointre, G. Ortí: Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes - Version 4 (2016)

Web links

Commons : Ateleopodiformes  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Order Summary for Ateleopodiformes on Fishbase.org (English)
• Family Ateleopodidae - Jellynose fishes on Fishbase.org (English)