Erdhausen tower

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Tower from the southwest
View from the east

The tower Erdhausen is the former choir tower and defensive tower in Gladenbacher district Erdhausen in Marburg-Biedenkopf ( Hessen ). The listed building was built in the 13th century in the Romanesque style. The medieval church was demolished in 1967.

history

From an ecclesiastical point of view, Erdhausen was a sending district and diaconate of Gladenbach in the Amöneburg dean's office in the late Middle Ages , which was assigned to the Archdeaconate of St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz . The branch church was parish off to Gladenbach in the pre-Reformation period.

With the introduction of the Reformation , Erdhausen and Gladenbach changed from 1526 to the Evangelical Lutheran creed. From 1606 to 1624 the congregation accepted the Reformed creed, only to finally return to the Lutheran creed.

To increase the number of seats, an angled gallery was built in 1684. In 1730 the bell jumped and was cast in Gießen by the bell founder Andreas Henschel from Gießen. On March 14, 1942, the bronze bell from 1730 was delivered for armament purposes. However, it escaped being melted down and ended up in the Hamburg bell cemetery , was shipped to Hanau by water and picked up from there in 1948 and hung up again in the tower.

Plans to build a new church already existed in 1932. When the old church fell into disrepair after the Second World War, the decision to build a new one was made. The old church was too small and narrowed the federal highway 255 , which at that time led directly through the town, dangerously in the curve area. From the former south portal, the worshipers stepped directly onto the street without the protection of a sidewalk or a railing. Apart from the art historians of the Biedenkopf district and the state monument preservation and despite the plans to bypass the town , no one in Erdhausen campaigned for the preservation of the old church. After three more years of deterioration, the political municipality, as the owner, had the building demolished on January 21, 1967 by the Moogk company from Giessen. The tower was given a pointed arched passage for pedestrians. In October 1967 the wooden spire was renewed with the help of the district .

A new church was built on the eastern edge of the town and consecrated on May 31, 1964. In the same year, the community acquired another bell in addition to the two preserved bells. No furnishings were taken from the old church. Erdhausen was raised to an independent parish in 1966, but was parishly connected to Gladenbach.

architecture

Former choir arch. Location of the aborted ship. Above the entrance to the tower, which was accessible through the attic of the church
Vault of the ceiling of the first floor. Right the window on the south side. Two openings for the bell ropes are clearly visible

The roughly east-facing , undivided choir tower made of unplastered quarry stone masonry from Grauwacke is built on the western, valley-side edge of the original village. It rises north of Herborner Strasse, where it meets the main street (Turmstrasse / Schneebergstrasse).

The fortified tower on a square floor plan of 6.50 × 6.50 meters with 1.42 meters (which corresponds to five Kassel feet ) powerful outer walls reaches a height of 18 meters. The tower hall on the ground floor ends with a domed ridge vault. The high rectangular opening above the western pointed arch formed the original entrance to the upper floor of the tower, which was accessible from the attic of the nave. A tent roof is crowned by an ornate wrought iron cross. Small dormers with square sound holes and triangular gables are attached to the roof on all four sides. The bell room housed two bells until 1964, before they were moved to the new church on February 4, 1964. The small baroque bell from 1730 weighs around 60 kg and bears a Latin inscription: “HEUS GLACITO VIVOS AD SEMINA VIVA JEHOVAE EXAMINES SIC AD TUMULAS HEM TEMPORE TRISTI: ANNO DOMINI MDCCXXX MAGISTER AD STOCKHAUSEN. PASTOR “(Listen, I call the living to the living descendants of God, the dead to the burial mounds, oh, in sad times. In 1730, Mr. Anton Daniel Stockhausen, pastor). It is supplemented by a bell from 1927 and a new one that the Rincker company cast for the new church in 1964. The three bells ring out on the beat tones cis 2 , dis 2 and F # 2 . In the south and east, before the ship was demolished, two arched windows illuminated the tower hall, of which the southern one was preserved. In the course of the demolition of the church, analogous to the triumphal arch in the west, a pointed arched passage was broken into the east wall in order to spare pedestrians from crossing the street. On the east side is below the eaves a narrow slot-lip and a cross-shaped in the south above the window embrasure admitted that indicate a use as a tower.

Erdhäuser coat of arms with the half sun that once decorated the gallery of the old church
Preserved pulpit

The demolished, solidly bricked-up church was only slightly larger than the tower with its square floor plan of 7 × 7 meters. The Romanesque nave with a gable roof was accessed on the south side through a simple round arched portal and illuminated through a high-seated rectangular window with lattice structure; the north and west gable sides were windowless. A gallery was built into the flat-roofed interior in 1684, which was decorated with three carved half-suns with 14 rays. Half of the sun wheel of the gallery found its way into the Erdhausen coat of arms. The gallery bore the following building inscription: "KASBER MELLER AVS DER BRVCHMEL, WERCK MEISTER ANO 1684". The pulpit and the remains of the gallery beams that have been eaten away by woodworms have been preserved and were left to the Weidenhausen local history association, which passed them on to the Association for History and Folklore Lohra eV. The aim is to erect the pulpit in the historic Altenvers church . The polygonal pulpit cage with profiled cornices has rose petals and floral ornaments in the square fillings at the bottom and in the upright rectangular fillings at the top.

The small nave in Erdhausen formed the western cornerstone of the adjacent truss - homestead of the Lenz family. The farm building was built in 1653 on one floor and in 1831 came into the possession of Johannes Lenz from Mornshausen, who built today's half-timbered residential building. There was no need for a south wall because of the neighboring tower and ship. During the Second World War, the building was extended. To the east, the homestead is in alignment with the tower. The entire ensemble of tower, church and farmstead formed a unit that was a popular object of painting, especially by the local painter Karl Lenz .

literature

  • Dieter Blume, Jürgen Runzheimer : Gladenbach and Blankenstein Castle . Ed .: Kur- und Verkehrsgesellschaft. W. Hitzeroth Verlag, Marburg 1987, ISBN 3-925944-15-X , p. 240-249 .
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 211.
  • Hans Feldtkeller (arrangement): The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf district. Eduard Roether, Darmstadt 1958. p. 23.
  • Karl Huth : Gladenbach. A city through the centuries . Ed .: Magistrate of the City of Gladenbach. Magistrate of the City of Gladenbach, Gladenbach 1974, DNB  790637227 , p. 207 .
  • Felicitas Janson: Romanesque church buildings in the Rhine-Main area and in Upper Hesse. A contribution to Upper Rhine architecture (= sources and research on Hessian history. Vol. 97). Self-published by the Hessian Historical Commission Darmstadt and the Historical Commission for Hesse, Darmstadt 1994, ISBN 3-88443-186-2 , pp. 117, 189.
  • Frank W. Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the dean's office Gladenbach. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-422-02288-1 , pp. 28-29.
  • Karl Scheld: About the defense tower of Erdhausen. In: Hinterland history sheets. Vol. 82, No. 3, 2003, pp. 73-77 (revised and reprinted in Against Forgetting. 2005).
  • Karl Scheld: Against forgetting. Local history reports and lectures. Kempkes, Gladenbach 2005, ISBN 3-88343-039-0 , pp. 7-28.
  • Gerhard Seib: Well-fortified churches in Northern Hesse (= contributions to Hessian history. Vol. 14). Trautvetter & Fischer Nachf., Marburg an der Lahn 1999, ISBN 3-87822-111-8 .

Web links

Commons : Chorturm (Erdhausen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Blume, Runzheimer: Gladenbach and Blankenstein Castle. 1987, p. 185.
  2. ^ Wilhelm Diehl : Pastor and schoolmaster book for the acquired lands and the lost territories (= Hassia sacra. Vol. 7). Self-published, Darmstadt 1933, p. 211.
  3. ↑ Erdhausen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 11, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Blume, Runzheimer: Gladenbach and Blankenstein Castle. 1987, p. 249.
  5. ↑ Blume, Runzheimer: Gladenbach and Blankenstein Castle. 1987, p. 241.
  6. ↑ Scheld: Against forgetting. Local history reports and lectures. 2005, p. 16.
  7. ↑ Scheld: Against forgetting. Local history reports and lectures. 2005, p. 19.
  8. ↑ Rudolph: Evangelical Churches in the Deanery Gladenbach. 2010, p. 29.
  9. ↑ Janson: Romanesque church buildings in the Rhine-Main area and in Upper Hesse. 1994, p. 117.
  10. ↑ Scheld: Against forgetting. Local history reports and lectures. 2005, p. 15.
  11. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 211.
  12. ↑ Scheld: About the defense tower of Erdhausen. 2003, p. 77.
  13. ^ Homepage of the parish , accessed on June 11, 2017.
  14. ^ Huth: Gladenbach. A city through the centuries. 1974, p. 207.
  15. ↑ Seib: Well-fortified churches in Northern Hesse. 1999, pp. 134, 136.
  16. ↑ Scheld: Against forgetting. Local history reports and lectures. 2005, p. 17.
  17. ↑ Scheld: Against forgetting. Local history reports and lectures. 2005, p. 22.
  18. ↑ Oberhessische Presse of December 3, 2015: New old pulpit for the historic Hufeisenkirche , accessed on June 12, 2017.
  19. ↑ Feldtkeller: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf district. 1958, p. 23.

Coordinates: 50 ° 45 '3.09 "  N , 8 ° 33' 56.11"  O