Unda (river)
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Unda Унда |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 20030100312118100007275 | |
| location | Transbaikalia Region ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Amur | |
| Drain over | Onon → Shilka → Amur → Tatar Sound | |
| source |
Kukulbei Mountains 51 ° 12 ′ 0 ″ N , 117 ° 48 ′ 41 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 1000 m | |
| muzzle |
Onon coordinates: 51 ° 25 '1 " N , 116 ° 5' 0" E 51 ° 25 '1 " N , 116 ° 5' 0" E |
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| Mouth height | 526 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 474 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 1.7 ‰ | |
| length | 273 km | |
| Catchment area | 9170 km² | |
| Discharge at the gauge near the mouth |
MQ |
26.4 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Talangui | |
| Small towns | Balei | |
The Unda ( Russian Унда ) is a 273 kilometer long right tributary of the Onon in Transbaikalia ( Russia , Asia ).
course
The Unda rises over twelve kilometers southwest of the mining town Werschino-Schachtaminski in about 1000 m altitude on the southern flank of a northeastern spur of Kukulbeigebirges that here with the mountain Utschaschtschina a height of 1412 m reached. The river cuts the ridge of this low mountain range in a northerly direction and then turns in a wide arc to the south-west. Its wide valley forms the southern boundary of the Borschtschowotschnygebirge ; the Onon Mountains extend south .
The river flows a good 40 kilometers southwest of the mining center of Balei , the only city on the river, at an altitude of 526 m into the Onon, the source of the Shilka , which in turn is one of the components of the Amur .
The most important tributary is the Talangui from the left. In its entire course, the Unda flows through the Transbaikalia region .
Hydrography
The catchment area of the Unda covers 9170 km². Near the mouth, the river is 50 meters wide and just under a meter deep.
The Unda freezes from the end of October / beginning of November to the end of April, freezing to the bottom. The average annual runoff at the mouth is 0.833 km³ (corresponds to 26.4 m³ / s).
Infrastructure
The Unda is not navigable.
The area through which the Unda flows is densely populated compared to other parts of Transbaikal. There are locations practically along the entire course of the river; the largest next to the city of Balei are the villages Schelopugino and Undino-Posselje.
Therefore the area is relatively well developed by roads. The regional road R428 , of Nertschinsk coming crosses the Borschtschowotschnygebirge over an approximately 1000 meters high ball crosses the flow less than 20 kilometers above Balei to then carry along the tributary Talangui towards the village Schonoktui where on the R430 connector according Borzya consists. A branch road leads directly to Balei and further downstream. The R429 from Sretensk via Gasimurski Sawod and Nertschinski Sawod to Olotschi am Argun and the border with the People's Republic of China follows the upper middle reaches of the Unda for about 30 kilometers from Schelopugino.
Mining has been carried out in the Unda catchment area since the 18th century, including today for gold at Balei and molybdenum at Vershino-Shakhtaminski, which has experienced a crisis in the last few decades, but is still significant.