Nerchinsky Zavod

Village Nerchinsky Zavod Нерчинский Завод Federal district far East region Transbaikalia Rajon Nerchinsko-Zavodsky Founded 1704 Earlier names Argunski zavod Village since 1924 population 2842 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 620  m Time zone UTC + 9 Telephone code (+7) 30248 Post Code 674370 License Plate 75, 80 OKATO 76 230 000 001 Geographical location Coordinates 51 ° 18 ′  N , 119 ° 37 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 18 ′ 30 ″  N , 119 ° 37 ′ 0 ″  E

Situation in Russia

Location in the Transbaikalia region

Nertschinski Sawod ( Russian Не́рчинский Заво́д ) is a village (selo) in the Transbaikalia region in Russia with 2842 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The place is about 430 km as the crow flies east of the regional capital Chita in the low mountain range between the Nertschinsker Mountains (Nertschinski chrebet) and the Argun , which flows a good 10 km east and marks the border with the People's Republic of China .

Nerchinsky Zavod is the administrative center of the Rajons Nertschinsko-Sawodski and seat and only town in the rural community posselenije Nertschinsko-Sawodskoje selskoje.

history

In 1704 a mining and smelting works was built in a lead and silver ore deposit not far from an older Russian settlement. It was initially called Argunski sawod ("Argun-Werk", after the nearby river), as did the associated settlement. The first silver of the Russian Empire was melted there on a large scale. As one of the most remote settlements of the empire in south-east Siberia (the Amur region and the more eastern parts were only added with the Treaty of Aigun in 1858), the place was chosen as a place of exile in 1764 . During this time (between 1763 and 1775) it was given its current name ("Nertschinsker Werk") after the city of Nerchinsk , a good 200 km to the west , through which it could usually be reached, and became the administrative center for the large number of mines and metallurgical plants of the region and the prisons in its vicinity, which were part of the so-called “Nerchinsk Katorga ”. This remained so even after the Nertschinsk plant was closed due to exhaustion of the ore deposits in 1853 until around 1917.

In 1872 Nerchinsky Zavod was the administrative seat of an okrug, which existed until 1924, of the Transbaikalia Oblast , which had existed since 1851 , but was not granted city rights. Since 1926 (with interruptions 1963-1970) the place is the administrative seat of a Rajons.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	3663
1939	4219
1959	3656
1979	3243
1989	3845
2002	3149
2010	2842

Note: census data

traffic

Nerchinsky Zavod is on the regional road 76A-008 (formerly R426 and R429) from Mogoitui on the A350 via Sretensk and Gasimurski Zavod , which continues to the village of Olochi , about 20 km away , where a road bridge crosses the Argun into the People's Republic of China. A few kilometers west of Nerchinsky Sawod, near the village of Ivanovka , the 76A-011 (formerly R430) branches off via Alexandrowski Sawod to Borsja (also on the A350).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ^ Nertschinski Sawod in the Encyclopedia of Transbaikaliens (Russian)