Gasimursky Zavod

Village Gasimursky Zavod Газимурский Завод Federal district far East region Transbaikalia Rajon Gasimursky Zavod head Irina Derevtsova Founded 1774 Village since 1774 population 2657 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 680  m Time zone UTC + 9 Telephone code (+7) 30247 Post Code 673630 License Plate 75, 80 OKATO 76 210 000 001 Geographical location Coordinates 51 ° 33 '  N , 118 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 33 '0 "  N , 118 ° 20' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in the Transbaikalia region

Gasimurski Sawod ( Russian Газимурский Завод ) is a village in the Transbaikalia region ( Russia ) with 2657 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The place is in the basin called Gasimursenke between the low mountain ranges of the southeastern Transbaikal , about 500 kilometers southeast of the regional capital Chita . To the northwest rise a good 1000 meter high foothills of the Borschtschowotschnygebirge , to the southeast the Urjumkan Mountains with the 1325  m high mountain Vershina Baidonki , to the northeast the Gasimur Mountains begin with the 1372  m high Golez Uschmunski .

Gasimurski Zavod is located on the right of the two arms of the Gasimur , a left tributary of the Amur source river Argun .

The place is the administrative center of Gasimurski Zavod Rajons of the same name . The administrative unit of the village settlement Gasimurski Zavod also includes the surrounding villages Igdotscha, Jamkun, Korabl, Pavlovsk and Taina, each with a few hundred inhabitants.

history

On the basis of two silver and lead ore deposits discovered in 1773 near the village of Taina and at the Ildikan stream that flows into the Gasimur from here on the right, a small smelter was built on the site of the present village from 1774 and put into operation in 1778. After being destroyed by floods, it was rebuilt and expanded in 1789/90. A village had arisen around the plant, which, like the plant after the river, was called Gasimurski Zavod , literally Gasimur plant . Since 1779 the place was the administrative center for the surrounding settlements. Under their leader Jegor Barbot de Marny (1743–1796) it was even planned to relocate the administration of the mining area from Nertschinski Sawod , which encompasses all of Southeast Transbaikalia, to here, since the ore deposits there were already exhausted. Since the deposits around Gasimurski Zavod did not meet expectations either, this plan was abandoned again.

Nevertheless, the plant was expanded again in 1832 - in 1834 there were 330 workers, including many exiles , but then closed in 1846. There were 141 houses in the village in 1837 and 109 farms in 1860. From 1851 the headquarters of the 1st Infantry Brigade of the Transbaikal Cossack troops were located in Gasimurski Zavod , and a hospital was set up which was also open to the civilian population. From 1872 to 1918 the place was assigned to the 3rd Infantry Division.

On January 4, 1926, the village became its administrative center with the establishment of the Rajon of the same name.

In 1961 the 13 agricultural kolkhozes of the Rajon were combined into two sovkhozs . The administration of one of them was located in Gasimursky Zavod.

Population development

In the last few decades the population of the place has remained almost constant contrary to the partly strongly declining trend of many places in Transbaikalia.

year	Residents
1939	2907
1959	2929
1989	2497
2002	2465
2010	2657

Note: census data

Culture and sights

Gasimurski Zavod is home to the Rajon's Historical and Local Museum, founded in 1962 , as well as a cultural center and library.

Economy and Infrastructure

Today Gasimurski Zavod is mainly an agricultural and forestry center, and most of the district's utilities are located here.

In the hamlet of Jamkun, two kilometers to the south, by the small lake of the same name that does not freeze in winter, there is a sanatorium complex, which includes regional rehabilitation clinic No. 1 with 120 beds. The slightly radioactive healing waters that emerge here , which are similar to those of Pyatigorsk , are used to treat diseases of the musculoskeletal system as well as the nervous and cardiovascular system . The Jamkun healing water was scientifically examined as early as the 1840s, and a first health resort was established at the beginning of the 20th century.

The regional road R429 runs through Gasimurski Zavod , which connects the place with Sretensk , 173 kilometers to the north-west . This is also where the nearest railway station is located: Sretensk is the end point of a branch line of the Trans-Siberian Railway . In a south-easterly direction, the R429 leads to Nertschinski Zavod, 109 kilometers away, and on to Olotschi, a village on the navigable Argun and the border with the People's Republic of China . A road leads from Gasimurski Sawod to the villages of Uschmun, Burukan and Batakan, which are located downstream on the Gasimur.

A flight connection to the regional capital (then oblast capital ) Chita, which had existed since the 1970s, came to a standstill in the 1990s. The small airfield was finally closed in 2001.

In 2007, an agreement was signed between Norilsk Nickel and the Russian State Railways on the construction of the 375-kilometer-long Naryn – Lugokan railway branching off from the line to Krasnokamensk , which mainly aims to develop the important molybdenum , antimony , copper , gold and others Ore deposits in the southeast of the region are to serve. Most of these are located on the territory of Gasimursky Zavod Raion. According to the original plans, Gasimurski Zavod was to be reached as early as 2010 and the route should then continue down Gasimur. In 2010, the planned route length was shortened to 226 kilometers with Gasimurski Zavod as the end point. The site was reached on June 9, 2012 and then provisional operations began. Passenger traffic is also planned on the route.

Web links

• Gasimursky Sawod in the Encyclopedia of Transbaikaliens (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Magistral Naryn – Lugokan (PDF; 141 kB) in Transport Rossijskoi Federazii 5/2011. P. 62 (Russian)
3. ↑ Announcement ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the construction company Inschtransstroi from June 10, 2012 (Russian)