Vanadium (II) chloride

Crystal structure
	__ V 2+ __ Cl -
General
Surname	Vanadium (II) chloride
other names	Vanadium dichloride; Dichloro vanadium; Vanadium (II) chloride; Vanadium dichloride;
Ratio formula	VCl 2
Brief description	pale green solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	234-176-7
ECHA InfoCard	100,031,057
PubChem	66355
Wikidata	Q421264
properties
Molar mass	121.85 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.23 g cm −3
Melting point	1350 ° C
boiling point	from 910 ° C sublimation
solubility	soluble in water
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 302-314
	P: 280-305 + 351 + 338-310
Toxicological data	540 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Vanadium (II) chloride is an inorganic chemical compound from the group of chlorides . It is a pale green solid that sublimates above 910 ° C.

history

By reducing vanadium (II) chloride with hydrogen , Henry Enfield Roscoe was able to produce metallic vanadium for the first time in 1867 .

Extraction and presentation

Vanadium (II) chloride can be obtained by reducing vanadium (III) chloride by heating (~ 675 ° C) in the presence of oxygen-free hydrogen .

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ VCl_ {3} \ + \ H_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {\ Delta T}} \ 2 \ VCl_ {2} \ + \ 2 \ HCl}}

Also the disproportionation of vanadium (III) chloride in nitrogen

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ VCl_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {\}} VCl_ {2} \ + \ 2 \ VCl_ {4}}}

or the direct reaction of vanadium with chlorine is possible.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {V \ + \ Cl_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {\}} VCl_ {2}}}

properties

Vanadium (II) chloride is in the form of light green leaves. It is less hygroscopic than vanadium (III) and vanadium (IV) chloride and dissolves in alcohol or ether to form blue or yellow-green solutions. When dissolved in water, the violet [V (H ₂ O) ₆ ] ²⁺ ion forms , which is already oxidized by atmospheric oxygen.

It is a powerful reducing agent with which the reduction of sulfoxides to sulfides , organic azides to amines and the reductive coupling of some alkyl halides is possible.

Vanadium (II) chloride has a trigonal crystal structure with the space group P 3 m 1 (space group no. 164) , corresponding to that of cadmium iodide in the same space group. Template: room group / 164

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Web elements: Vanadium dichloride

↑ ^a ^b ^c Ralph C. Young and Maynard E. Smith: Vanadium (II) chloride . In: JC Bailar, Jr. (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 4 . McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1953, pp. 126-127 (English).

↑ ^a ^b ^c Data sheet Vanadium (II) chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 25, 2011 ( PDF ).

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1408.

[webelelements-1] Web elements: Vanadium dichloride

[IS4-2] Ralph C. Young and Maynard E. Smith: Vanadium (II) chloride . In: JC Bailar, Jr. (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 4 . McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1953, pp. 126-127 (English).

[Sigma-3] Data sheet Vanadium (II) chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 25, 2011 ( PDF ).

[brauer-4] Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1408.