Ville de Paris (ship, 1764)
 The Ville de Paris
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The Ville de Paris ( French for City of Paris ) was a ship of the line of the French Navy . The ship was launched in 1764, was captured by the Royal Navy in April 1782 and sank in September of the same year.
history
construction
In 1757 the three- decker L'Impétueux was laid down in Rochefort . However, construction work was halted soon after.
After the City of Paris took over much of the funding, work resumed in 1762 and the ship was launched under the new name Ville de Paris on April 12, 1764. Along with Brittany, who was two years younger than her, she was one of the two three-deckers among the 22 warships completed in France between 1762 and 1768. Of these, 17 were financed by donations from the cities and provinces. On June 2, 1764 was Ville de Paris in Brest disarmed and until May 1778 launched .
Calls
The Ville de Paris was the ship of squadron commander Guichen in the naval battle of Ouessant on July 27, 1778 . Here she fought, among other things, against the HMS Victory . During the subsequent repairs to the Ville de Paris from September 1778 to April 1779, the bow and stern were expanded and the armament of the ship increased to 100 cannons. It was therefore now considered a first-rate ship .
In 1779 a mission followed in the failed attack on the southern English port cities of Portsmouth and Plymouth . The Ville de Paris under Captain Huon de Kermadec was supposed to cover the French landing on the Isle of Wight . The hull of the ship was shod with copper in 1780 in preparation for its use in the Caribbean . Four more cannons were also placed on the stern.
In March 1781 stood Ville de Paris as the flagship of a fleet of 21 ships under François Joseph Paul de Grasse towards Caribbean to sea. She was involved in the naval battle of Fort Royal ( Martinique ), which ended as a long-range artillery duel with the French continuing to sail. After the conquest of Tobago , the French fleet sailed back to Santo Domingo . On August 12, de Grasse received a letter from Rochambeau in which he requested reinforcements for his French auxiliary corps fighting in the American Revolutionary War . Grasse sailed from Haiti to Chesapeake Bay . Around 3,000 soldiers were landed here in early September. With the sea battle off the Chesapeake Bay , the French fleet then intervened decisively in the American War of Independence on September 5th .
On September 17, 1781, de Grasse received George Washington on board the Ville de Paris off Cape Henry . The two agreed to leave the French fleet for another six weeks to block the British off the coast. After the British Army surrendered in the Battle of Yorktown on October 19 , de Grasse moved his ships back to the Caribbean on November 4 for further operations against the British.
While de Grasses landing troops conquered the island of St. Kitts for France in January 1782 , the Ville de Paris fought in the naval battle of St. Kitts . In April, the French ships were on their way to invade Jamaica . At the Îles des Saintes archipelago between Guadeloupe and Dominica they encountered a superior English fleet. In the Battle of Les Saintes on April 12, 1782, the Ville de Paris was separated from its naval formation and, like four other French ships, was conquered by the British. The triplane was the greatest naval spoil of the 18th century.
The captured ships were first brought to Port Royal for repairs by the British . The restored Ville de Paris was part of a large convoy of war and merchant ships en route from Jamaica to Great Britain when it sank in a hurricane off Newfoundland on September 19, 1782 . There was a survivor.
Others
The fate of the Ville de Paris after the lost naval battle was initially unknown in France. The malacologist Pierre Denys de Montfort published in 1801 in his multi-volume work Histoire naturelle, générale et particuliere, des mollusques, animaux sans vertèbres et a sang blanc (German: "Natural history of the molluscs in general and particular") the thesis, the Ville de Paris and nine other warships fell victim to a gigantic octopus the night after the sea battle on April 12, 1782 . Perhaps this was de Montfort's deliberate fiction . De Montfort's thesis was repeatedly mocked after the facts that had long been known to the British became known.
After the Ville de Paris , which sank in 1782 , the British liner, which was laid down in Chatham in 1789 and launched in 1795, was named HMS Ville de Paris .
The ship's bell of the Ville de Paris is in Shropshire Regimental Museum Shrewsbury Castle issued.
literature
- Authentic narrative of the loss of the Ville de Paris, and of all her crew except one, about five months after she was captured from the enemy, in the glorious victory obtained by Admiral Sir George Bridges Rodney, April 12, 1782, as communicated by the survivor. Also the particulars of the sanguinary engagement between his majesty's ship Amethyst, and the French National frigate, La Thetis. Thomas Tegg, London 1809, OCLC 15532132 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ French Second Rate ship of the line 'Ville de Paris'. threedecks.org, accessed July 16, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c d Nicolas Mioque: La Ville de Paris (1764 - 1782). troisponts.net, April 13, 2013, accessed July 16, 2017 (French).
- ^ A b John C. Fredriksen: Revolutionary War Almanac. P. 398 , accessed on August 10, 2017 (English).
- ↑ September 1781. in: Founders Online . National Archives, June 29, 2017, accessed August 16, 2017 .
- ↑ Robert Tonsetic: 1781: The Decisive Year of the Revolutionary War. 2011, p. 144 , accessed on August 16, 2017 (English).
- ↑ a b Rif Winfield: British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714-1792: Design, Construction, Careers ... p. 9 , accessed on July 16, 2017 (English).
- ↑ Denys-Montfort: Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des mollusques, animaux sans vertèbres et a sang blanc. Tome second. 1801, pp. 358–359 , accessed on August 13, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Henry Lee: Sea Monsters Unmasked. Pp. 36–39 , accessed on August 10, 2017 (English).
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, Or, Universal Dictionary of Knowledge ..., Volume 21. Edward Smedley, Hugh James Rose, Henry John Rose, 1845, accessed July 21, 2017 .
- ↑ www.shropshireregimentalmuseum: The bell of the Ville de Paris, captured 1782 , accessed on July 21, 2017 (photo).