Vincent d'Indy

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Vincent d'Indy, ( 1895 ), postcard

Paul Marie Théodore Vincent d'Indy (pronunciation: vɛ̃ˈsɑ̃ dɛ̃ˈdi ) (born March 27, 1851 in Paris , † December 2, 1931 in Paris) was a French composer and music theorist .

Life

D'Indy came from an old noble family from Vivarais ( Ardèche ) and grew up with his grandmother, the strict Countess Rézia d'Indy, after the untimely death of his mother. His uncle Wilfrid d'Indy (* 1821; † 1891), himself an amateur composer, introduced him to music. Vincent became a piano student of Louis Diémer and Antoine François Marmontel and from 1865 studied harmony with Albert Lavignac . After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71, in which he fought in the defense of Paris, he published his first compositions.

In 1872 he met César Franck for the first time through the mediation of his friend Henri Duparc and soon afterwards became his pupil. Both introduced him to German music, especially Richard Wagner ; after a visit to the Bayreuth Festival in 1876, where he saw the complete Ring des Nibelungen , d'Indy became a staunch Wagnerian. In 1875 he married his cousin Isabelle de Pampelonne and became an organist in Saint-Leu-la-Forêt , and later choirmaster for the composer Édouard Colonne . He pursued many opera projects during these years, but only Axel , influenced by Wagner's Parsifal , later flowed into his opera Fervaal (1889–1895).

The Château des Faugs , home of Vincent d'Indy

In 1886 he had his first successes with his Symphonie sur un chant montagnard français and the opera Le chant de la cloche , which won a composition prize from the city of Paris. After the death of César Franck, d'Indy succeeded him as President of the Société Nationale de Musique . After the rejection of his reform ideas for the Paris Conservatory , he founded the Schola Cantorum in 1894 with Charles Bordes and Alexandre Guilmant , of which he became director in 1900. His teaching goals, published in the four-volume Cours de composition musicale , were based on Franck's lessons, the preoccupation with Johann Sebastian Bach and Ludwig van Beethoven and the rediscovery of older music such as Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina , Claudio Monteverdi , Jean-Philippe Rameau and Gregorian Chorale .

After the world premieres of his operas Fervaal (1897) and L'étranger (1903) as well as important orchestral works such as the Istar Variations (1896) and the Second Symphony (1903), d'Indy became known to a wide audience. He developed into the spokesman for the opponents of Claude Debussy and the emerging impressionism , although his own works showed similar tendencies. In addition, he developed a chauvinistic , militaristic and anti-Semitic attitude, which was reflected in La légende de Saint Christophe (1908–1915) and the third symphony De bello gallico (1916–1918).

Despite his work for the Schola Cantorum, d'Indy also taught at the Paris Conservatory from 1912 to 1929. After the First World War , he gave up his summer residence near Boffres (Ardèche), which he had expanded into the Château des Faugs in 1886 , and moved to Agay near Saint-Raphaël on the Côte d'Azur . This change of location, combined with the beginning relationship with Caroline Janson, whom he later married, may have contributed to the brightening of his compositions. In the works Poème des rivages (1921), Diptyque méditerranéen (1926) and the later chamber music creations, he approached a lighter, more carefree neoclassicism . Notwithstanding this change of style and also his numerous students, including Albert Roussel , Albéric Magnard , Adrien Rougier , Erik Satie and Edgar Varèse , d'Indy's attitude towards modern music remained hostile.

Works

Vincent d'Indy by Antoine Bourdelle
  • Operas
    • Les burgraves du Rhin (1869–1872; unfinished)
    • Attendez-moi sous l'orme . Opéra comique op. 14 (1876–1882; WP 1882)
    • Le chant de la cloche op.18 (1879–1883; WP 1912)
    • Fervaal . Action musicale op. 40 (1889–1895; WP 1897; based on Axel , around 1878)
    • L'étranger . Action musicale op. 53 (1898–1901; WP 1903)
    • La legend de Saint Christophe . Légende sacrée op. 67 (1908–1915; WP 1920)
    • Le rêve de Cinyras . Comédie lyrique op. 80 (1922–1923; WP 1927)
  • Symphonies
    • Symphony No. 1 in A major ( Italian Symphony ) (1870–1872; not published)
    • Jean Hundaye . Symphony Op. 5 (1874–1875; not published)
    • Symphonie sur un chant montagnard français (Symphonie cévenole) for piano and orchestra op.25 (1886)
    • Symphony No. 2 in B flat major, Op. 57 (1902–1903)
    • Symphony No. 3 Sinfonia brevis (de bello gallico) op.70 (1916–1918)
  • further orchestral works
    • Antoine and Cléopatre . Overture after Shakespeare op.6 (1876; not published)
    • La forêt enchantée . Symphonic legend based on Uhland op.8 (1878)
    • Wallenstein . 3 symphonic overtures after Schiller op. 12 (1879–1881) ( Le camp ; Max et Thécla , arrangement by Les Piccolomini , 1873; La mort de Wallenstein )
    • Song for violoncello or viola and orchestra op.19 (1884)
    • Sucking Fleurie . Legend after de Bonnières op.21 (1884)
    • Sérénade et valse op.28 (1885; orchestration of the piano pieces op.16.1 and op.17.1)
    • Fantaisie sur des thèmes populaires français for oboe and orchestra op.31 (1888)
    • Karadec . Drama music op.34 (1890)
    • Tableaux de voyage op.36 (1888–1892; orchestration of piano pieces from op.33)
    • Istar . Symphonic Variations op.42 (1896)
    • Médée . Incidental music op.47 (1898)
    • Choral varié for saxophone or viola and orchestra op.55 (1903)
    • Jour d'été à la montagne . Symphonic triptych op.61 (1905)
    • Souvenirs . Poème op.62 (1906)
    • Veronica . Incidental Music, Op. 76 (1919–1920; not published)
    • Poèmes des rivages . Symphonic Suite op. 77 (1919–1921)
    • Diptyque méditerranéen op.87 (1925–1926)
    • Concerto for piano, flute, violoncello and strings op.89 (1926)
  • Chamber music
    • Scherzo in D major for piano quartet (1871)
    • Andante pour piano et violon (1876)
    • Piano quartet in A minor, Op. 7 (1878–1888)
    • Suite dans le style ancien in D major for trumpet, 2 flutes and string quartet op.24 (1886)
    • Trio in B flat major for clarinet or violin, violoncello and piano op.29 (1887)
    • String Quartet No. 1 in D major op.35 (1890)
    • String Quartet No. 2 in E major, Op. 45 (1897)
    • Chansons et danses for wind instruments op.50 (1898)
    • Marche du 76ème regiment d'infanterie for military band op.54 (1903)
    • Violin Sonata in C major op. 59 (1903–1904)
    • Sarabande et menuet for wind quintet op.72 (1918; arrangement from op.24)
    • Piano quintet in G minor op.81 (1924)
    • Cello Sonata in D major, Op. 84 (1924–1925)
    • Suite for flute, string trio and harp op.91 (1927)
    • String Sextet in B flat major op.92 (1927)
    • String Quartet No. 3 in D flat major, Op. 96 (1928–1929)
    • Piano trio No. 2 in the form of a suite op.98 (1929)
    • String Quartet No. 4 (1931; unfinished)
  • Piano works
    • Piano Sonata in C minor, Op. 1 (1869)
    • Quatre romances sans paroles (1870)
    • Petite sonate dans la forme classique op.9 (1880)
    • Poème des montagnes op.15 (1881)
    • Quatre pièces op.16 (1882)
    • Helvétia - 3 Waltzes op.17 (1882)
    • Nocturne in G flat major op.26 (1886)
    • Promenade op.27 (1887)
    • Schumanniana - 3 songs without words op. 30 (1887)
    • Tableaux de voyage . 13 pieces op.33 (1888)
    • Petite chanson grégorienne for piano four hands op.60 (1904)
    • Piano Sonata in E minor, Op. 63 (1907)
    • Menuet sur le nom d'Haydn op.65 (1909)
    • Treize pièces brèves op.68 (1908–1915)
    • Douze petites pièces faciles dans le style classique de la fin du XVIIIe siècle op. 69 (1908–1915)
    • Sept chants de terroir for piano four hands op.73 (1918)
    • Pour les enfants de tous les ages . 24 pieces op.74 (1919)
    • Thème varié, fugue et chanson op.85 (1925)
    • Contes de fées . 5 pieces op.86 (1925)
    • Six paraphrases sur des chansons enfantines de France op.95 (1928)
    • Fantaisie sur un vieil air de ronde française op.99 (1930)
  • Organ works
    • Prelude et petit canon à trois parties op.38 (1893)
    • Vêpres du commun des martyrs op.51 (1899)
    • Pièce (Prélude) in E flat minor op.66 (1911; originally for harmonium)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.tobias-broeker.de/rare-manuscripts/gl/indy-vincent-d/

Web links

Commons : Vincent d'Indy  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Indy, Vincent d '
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Indy, Paul Marie Théodore Vincent d '(full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French composer and music theorist
DATE OF BIRTH March 27, 1851
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH December 2, 1931
Place of death Paris