Fiener Bruch bird sanctuary
The bird sanctuary Fiener Bruch is a two-part European bird sanctuary ( SPA area ) in the states of Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt in the wetland and lowland area of Fiener Bruch and with its parts belongs to the Natura 2000 network of protected areas . In Fiener Bruch example breed rare in Germany great bustards .
location
The European bird sanctuary Fiener Bruch is divided into two parts. Since nature conservation in Germany falls within the remit of the federal states , an area with the code number 3640-421 in the west of the state of Brandenburg and an area with the code number 3639-401 in the east of Saxony-Anhalt have been designated. The Brandenburg sub-area extends over areas in the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark and in the independent city of Brandenburg an der Havel . It is partly located next to Brandenburg an der Havel in the city of Ziesar and the communities of Rosenau , Wusterwitz and Wenzlow . The Saxony-Anhalt sub-area is located in the district of Jerichower Land on the areas of the cities of Genthin and Jerichow .
The Fiener Bruch is a valley formed during the Ice Age . It is the northwesternmost branch of the Glogau-Baruther glacial valley . In addition to the Fiener Bruch, adjacent areas of the Karower Platte and Fläming are part of the bird sanctuary. The reserve extends over a total area of 10,005.27 hectares. Of these, 6,338.27 hectares are in the Brandenburg area and 3,667 hectares in the Saxony-Anhalt area.
Protection assignment
As a wetland and lowland area, the Fiener Bruch was historically overgrown with a quarry of alder . In the course of deforestation , drainage and reclamation, a landscape was created in which large-scale, species-rich, moist meadows dominated by drainage ditches .
In 1979, the Karow Great Bustard Sanctuary was established in what was then the Magdeburg district with a size of 5,780 hectares. In the 1990s, the lowland through which the state border between Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg runs was designated as an EU bird sanctuary within the framework of the NATURA 2000 network. In 1997, the 143 hectare nature reserve Fiener Bruch was designated within the Saxony-Anhalt sub-area . In Brandenburg, in addition to the Fiener Bruch lowland, arable plateaus to the north and south were included in the bird sanctuary. These plateaus are used by the great bustards in both federal states as winter debut. In Saxony-Anhalt these winter areas remained without protection.
In the middle of the Fiener Bruch is the ornithological station , the observation tower Königsroder Hof , at the Vorwerk Königsrode belonging to Tucheim . In the Königsroder Hof the Förderverein Großtrappenschutz e. V. an information center in which regular events about the protection of the great bustard take place.
Great Bustard
The Fiener fracture is an important resting and breeding area for various of extinction threatened or endangered species of birds. It is one of only three breeding areas for the Great Bustard left in Germany. The other two areas are the Belziger Landschaftswiesen a few kilometers south-east in the Baruther glacial valley and the Havelländische Luch north of the city of Brandenburg an der Havel. Natural migratory movements take place between the three populations. After the population in the Fiener Bruch had collapsed to around 10 animals in the 1990s and the population was threatened with extinction, it has been recovering thanks to comprehensive protective measures since the beginning of the 21st century. In February 2015, the annual census again showed around 60 individuals in the Fiener Bruch. In 2016 there were 72 animals, which corresponds to an increase of 20 percent compared to the previous year.
The Förderverein Großtrappenschutz eV carries out extensive protection measures in the bird sanctuary, which are funded by the federal states, districts and the EU or are made from donations. To improve the habitat, the grassland is being drained and the character of the open land restored. In some cases, the management dates are coordinated in the interests of great bustard protection. Farmers receive compensatory payments for the creation of special strips of forage, leaving old grass strips, forgoing fertilization and forgoing use of partial areas. An intensive fight against predators takes place with traps and rifles by local hunters. 19 hectares of grassland have been fenced in with a predator-proof fence. Intensive public relations work to increase the acceptance of the bustard protection project is ongoing. Endangered clutches are recovered and artificially hatched. The hatched young bustards are reared and later released into the wild. Naturally hatched young bustards fledged almost only in the fenced area that was safe from predatory mammals. Outside the fence there was only one young bustard that fledged, although there were about as many clutches in the fence area and outside the fence. The great bustard protection is having problems with the expansion of wind energy use in the migratory corridors between the three German habitat areas and in winter habitat areas for the great bustard and the cultivation of maize that cannot be used by the great bustard.
More bird species
In addition to the great bustard, other species breed in the bird sanctuary. Breeding birds were between 1998 and 2004, for example, observed: Great Bustard, mute swan , gray goose , mallard , tufted duck , grebes , herons , white stork , osprey , honey buzzard , harrier , marsh harrier , red kite , black kite , Eurasian Hobby , Crane , Water Rail , corncrake , Spotted Crake , Common Moorhen , Lapwing , little ringed plover , curlew , common snipe , little owl , kingfisher , hoopoe , black woodpecker , red-backed shrike , northern gray shrike , woodlark , barnacle warbler , bluethroat , short-eared owl , partridge and ortolan . A large number of other bird species use the valley as a resting place.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kerstin Mammen, Ubbo Mammen, Gunthard Dornbusch, Stefan Fischer: EU SPA bird sanctuary Fiener Bruch , in: The European bird sanctuaries of Saxony-Anhalt . State Office for Environmental Protection Saxony-Anhalt. October 2013. ISSN 0941-7281 .
- ↑ a b Marcus Borchert, Henrik Watzke: The Great Bustard Protection Project in Fiener Bruch . The falcon, 64: 34–37.
- ^ Museum . Accessed May 13, 2015.
- ↑ CURRENT STOCK. Förderverein Großtrappenschutz eV, 2015, accessed on April 28, 2015 .
- ↑ 2016: 232 Great Bustards in Germany. Förderverein Großtrappenschutz eV, 2016, accessed on April 3, 2016 .
- ↑ Torsten Ryslavy, Thomas Bich: The European Bird Protection Area (SPA) Fiener Bruch , in: The European Bird Protection Areas of the State of Brandenburg , Nature Conservation and Landscape Management in Brandenburg, Issue 3, April 2005, p. 136.
Coordinates: 52 ° 18 ′ 36.6 ″ N , 12 ° 16 ′ 34.3 ″ E