Włochów (Przewóz)
| Włochów | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Żary | ||
| Gmina : | Przewóz | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 31 ' N , 14 ° 55' E | ||
| Height : | 135 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 48 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 68-132 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 68 | ||
| License plate : | FZA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Poznań | ||
| Dresden | |||
Włochów (German Wällisch , Sorbian Wilsk ) is a village in the Polish rural community Przewóz in the powiat Żarski ( Sorau ) in the Lubusz Voivodeship .
geography
Włochów is about five kilometers northwest of Przewóz (German Priebus ); the Lusatian Neisse , which forms the German-Polish border, flows four kilometers south of the village in a west-northwest direction. Włochów is one of the heather villages of the Priebuser Heide, which is gradually opening up to a somewhat freer mountain area east of the locality.
Neighboring towns are Dąbrowa Łużycka (Dubrau) in the west, Piotrów (Groß Petersdorf) in the northeast and Dobrochów (Zessendorf) in the east.
history
There is evidence that the old Slavic village already belonged to the Priebus rule when it was not yet part of the Silesian Duchy of Sagan under the Lords of Hakenborn . The von Wildenstein are documented several times as feudal takers. Balthasar von Wildenstein took part in an attack west of the Neisse in Viereichen in 1415 ; As can be seen from a complaint from 1427, Hans von Wildenstein penetrated the Saganian area several times by robbery. He and his brother Heinrich also plundered in Niederlausitz , Heinrich's servant was judged in Sommerfeld in 1437 .
In the 16th century the village belonged to those of Metzrode, who were succeeded by the Lords of Oppel as owners. At the turn of the 17th century, wagoners on their way to Muskau no longer drove through Priebus, but through Wällisch. As a result, the city suffered a loss of customs income, while Nicol von Schellendorf, as a tenant, favored this secret route by building an inn with a customs post.
During the Thirty Years' War the village was so badly destroyed that it remained desolate for more than a decade after the war ended. Most of the houses were dilapidated or burned during the war, and the fields were overgrown with bushes. Together with the Priebus rule, the village fell in 1668 to the sagan prince Wenzel von Lobkowitz, who converted the manor into a princely chamber manor .
Together with the Duchy of Sagan, the village came after the First Silesian War to the Kingdom of Prussia . King Friedrich Wilhelm IV is said to have lost his way in the area and then received help from the residents. As a thank you, the community received a meal service.
When the Sagan district was dissolved , its western part, including Wällisch, came to the Rothenburg district in 1932 . After the Second World War the village was on the Polish-administered side of the Oder-Neisse line as a result of Poland's shift to the west . Together with most of the other communities in the eastern part of the Rothenburg district, the village, now called Włochów , came to the powiat Żarski , which emerged from the Polish part of the Sorauer district .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| around 1785 | 141 |
| 1910 | 138 |
| 1933 | 165 |
| 1939 | 163 |
After the devastation during the Thirty Years' War, the village remained uninhabited for some time. In 1689, around four decades after the end of the war, there was again a Erbscholzen , seven farmers and three gardeners . Around 1785 there were nine farmers, 11 gardeners and one housekeeper in the village , Friedrich-Albert Zimmermann put the number of residents at 141. Fifteen years later, the number of farms was unchanged.
Compared to 1785 the number of inhabitants in 1910 was almost unchanged at 138, in the 1930s the numbers were about 20% above this level.
Place name
The place name is documented in 1427 as Weltz , 1540 as Welsch , 1749 as Wilsich and 1800 as Wellisch . For Zimmermann and Weigel the village is called Wallisch .
According to Pohl, the name is of Slavic origin, but its derivation is doubtful. As possibilities he mentions ẃele , a lot, large 'with an extension to ẃelišća ‛large arable beds ', which indicates light soil. But he does not rule out a derivation from a personal name Weliš as a short form of Welisław .
literature
- Robert Pohl (Hrsg.): Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home. Volume 2 = supplement and register: Priebus and the villages of the former Sagan western part . Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1934, p. 47 ff .
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on May 28, 2017
- ^ Arnošt Muka: Serbsko-němski a němsko-serbski přiručny słownik . Budyšin 1920, p. 251 .
- ^ A b c Friedrich-Albert Zimmermann: Contributions to the description of Silesia . tape 7 . Tramp, Brieg 1787, p. 114 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ gemeindeververzeichnis.de: Sagan district. Retrieved September 22, 2009 .
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Rothenburg district (Upper Lusatia). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Pohl: Priebus and the villages of the former Sagan western part , page 49.
- ^ A b Johann Adam Valentin Weigel: Geographical, natural historical and technological description of the sovereign Duchy of Silesia. Sixth part: The principalities of Sagan and Breslau . Himburgische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1802, p. 26 ( digitized on Wikisource ).
- ↑ a b Pohl: Priebus and the villages of the former Sagan western part , page 47 f.