Walter Schacht (graphic designer)

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Walter Schacht (also Walther Schacht ; * July 12, 1893 in Hanover , † after 1953 ) was a German architect and commercial artist .

Life

Schacht was one of several children of the actor couple Eduard and Mathilde Schacht , née Quendt († 1941). The author Roland Schacht was his older brother. A few weeks after Walter Schacht's birth, the father died at the age of only 29 and left the Schacht siblings as half-orphans alongside his widow.

After attending the secondary school in his birthplace, Schacht first attended the technical college in his hometown and the local arts and crafts school , before moving to the royal arts and crafts school in Munich .

After an internship in a large printing company, Schacht worked in the Munich office of the architect and university professor Friedrich von Thiersch . After he also worked in furniture and interior design for about a year, he continued his education at the Reimann School in Berlin before finally doing an independent job in the architectural field in Essen .

From January 15, 1915, he took part in the First World War as a war volunteer until the end of 1918 , first on the Western Front and from 1917 promoted to lieutenant in the reserve of the Guard Cavalry Battalion in the eastern theater of war , most recently with the Guard Cavalry until May 1919 -Schützen-Division , and was with the associated Freikorps Lützow also in the Berlin March fights . During the war he was injured several times and suffered gas poisoning.

After the war he worked in Hanover from June 1919. He was on the board of the Federal Chamber of Arts and Crafts and a founding member of the Federation of German Commercial Graphics (BDG; membership number 63), where he was also active on the board in 1923. In 1927 he became chairman of the BDG local group in Hanover. He also became a member of the German Werkbund .

Cover drawing by Walter Schacht

In the early 1920s, Schacht was one of the city's most important printing artists , according to the “Hannoverheft” published in July 1923 by the trade journal Die Reklame . For example, the cover drawings for Hans Reimann's novel Die Dinte gegen das Blut (1921) , written under the alias “Artur Sünder”, and the volume of stories Zum Blaue Affen (1921), published for the first edition by Walter Serner under the pseudonym “Christian Schad”, came from him.

In 1922 the specialist journal Chemisches Zentralblatt published a patent- pending process for the production of arts and crafts objects, in particular advertising letters and the like. like, using gelatin , glycerine and plaster of paris . "

Also during the Weimar Republic , Schacht recommended himself in 1926 in the trade journal Nutzgraphik as an architect at Heiligerstrasse 4 and as a member of the Deutscher Werkbund (DWB) and the Bund Deutscher Nutzgraphiker (BDG): In cooperation with the large printing company Edler & Krische , he illustrated with the Monogram of a stylized letter Psi full-page and multicolored with its slogan "Increase in sales and business expansion through Schacht - advertising drafts in high-quality printing". In the same edition of the trade journal, Eberhard Gessner, the advertising manager of the Edler & Krische printing company, described Schacht as follows: “[…] in Oeynhausen he is an architect, in Hanover a commercial artist ”, whose seat in Oeynhausen is in the address directory in the same issue as “plane trees Allee “was specified.

For 1927, according to the magazine Nutzgraphik , Schacht created the draft, the overall arrangement and the drawings for the Festschrift written by Martin Frehsee for the centenary of the Jänecke brothers . A drawing created by Schachts on the occasion of the celebrations was reproduced many thousands of times in the 1990s for the loose-leaf collection Hannover Edition published by Franz Rudolf Zankl as a "facsimile" and commented on the company buildings of the Jänecke brothers with a view to the history of the city of Hanover .

In the address book of the city of Hanover in 1933 he was still resident at Bödeker Strasse 74 , from 1934 onwards under the address In der Steinriede 4 .

At the time of National Socialism in 1933 he became a member of the Nazi war victims' pension , in August of that year managing director of the Hanover branch of the Kampfbundes für deutsche Kultur (KfdK) and chairman of the Lower Saxony district of the Reich Association of German Artists , in December he headed the KfdK local branch in Hanover commissioned and appointed on December 15, 1935 head of the Lower Saxony regional office of the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts . In January 1934 he became the federal district chairman of the Association of German Commercial Graphics. Schacht was also a member of the Association for German Writing and, as a graphic artist, did research on script as well as runes and Germanic cult symbols. In a special issue of the monthly Deutsche Kriegsopferversorgung in 1935, he published an article on witnesses and signs of Germanic mental outlook in Lower Saxony and in 1941 an article on runes as a utility and information publication in Mannus . As the regional director of the Imperial Chamber wrote shaft in the Second World War, a letter dated March 22, 1943, the Hanover Mayor Ludwig Hoffmeister , in the shaft the images of the painter and curator of the Kunstverein Hannover , Richard Seiffert-Wattenberg represented, "French influence" as, defamed as “filthy mess” and hatefully speculated that Seiffert-Wattenberg was only not exhibiting in the Haus der Deutschen Kunst because he knew that his work would “be rejected there”. On May 24th of that year, Schacht followed up once more in a letter to Lord Mayor Hoffmeister with the question "whether [the ideological direction promoted by Seiffert-Wattenberg in the Kunstverein] really corresponds to the demands of the time ."

In 1953 Schacht was still registered in the address book of the city of Hanover with his residence in Steinriede 4 . The widow Sidi Schacht lived there at the same address in 1961/62.

Awards

First World War:

In addition, Walter Schacht received several awards as part of exhibition participation in Hanover, Dortmund, etc.

Well-known works (selection)

Book designs

  • Martin Frehsee (text), Walter Schacht (artistic equipment): Gebrüder Jänecke, printing and publishing house, Hanover. Review and development. Festschrift for the centenary of the house Gebr. Jänecke October 12, 1927. 1827–1927 , Hanover: Gebr. Jänecke, [1927]

Promotional graphics

  • 1926: Draft of a multi-colored advertising illustration for Bohn & Kähler AG in Kiel

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Herrmann AL Degener (Ed.): Schacht, Walter , in which: Who is it? , 10: 1362 (1935); limited preview in Google Book search
  2. ↑ a b Schacht, Walter, architect. Entry in the address book of the capital Hanover 1953. Address book of the capital Hanover Verlagsgesellschaft mb H., Hanover 1953, p. 527. ( available online )
  3. ^ Entry Walter Schacht in the historical register of architects archthek.de
  4. ↑ a b The advertisement. Journal of the Association of German Advertising Professionals eV , special title Hannoverheft , issue 162 from July 1923, p. 41; Digitized
  5. ↑ Obituary for Mathilde Schacht in the Deutsches Bühnen-Jahrbuch 1943. ( limited preview in the Google book search)
  6. ↑ a b c d e Schacht, Walter. In: The German Leader Lexicon 1934/35 ; see references
  7. ^ Deutsches Bühnen-Jahrbuch , Theatergeschichtliches year and address book 1895, p. 169; Preview via Google Books or as a full PDF document
  8. ↑ List of Illustrators. In: Paul Raabe : The authors and books of literary expressionism. A bibliographical handbook in collaboration with Ingrid Hannich-Bode. JB Metzler, Stuttgart 1992, p. 829. ISBN 3-476-00756-1 .
  9. ↑ To the pictures. In: Thomas Milch: Walter Serner. The departure. Materials on life and work. [= Volume 8 of the entire work ], Renner, Erlangen / Munich 1984, p. 261. ISBN 3-921499-42-9
  10. ↑ Chemisches Zentralblatt , Volume 93, Edition 4, Akademie-Verlag, 1922, p. 966; limited preview in Google Book search
  11. ↑ Usage graphics. Monthly for the promotion of artistic advertising , Volume 3, Issue 4, Berlin: Phönix Illustrationsdruck und Verlag, 1926, [without page number]; Digitized
  12. ↑ Eberhard Gessner: Hanover and Hannoversche Nutzgraphiker , in: Nutzgraphik… , Jg. 3, H. 4, S. 3–7; here: p. 7; Digitized
  13. ↑ ibid .; Digitized
  14. ^ Ali Baba: From new books and business printed matter , in Hermann Karl Frenzel (Ed.): Leon L. Amar , in: Nutzgraphik. Monthly for the Promotion of Artistic Advertising , Volume 6, Issue 8, Berlin: Phönix Illustrationsdruck und Verlag, August 1928, p. 81; Digitized
  15. ↑ Compare the information on the edition in the Common Union Catalog (GVK)
  16. ^ Schacht, Walter, architect. Entry in the address book of the city of Hanover 1933. Verlag August Scherl, Hanover 1933, p. 408. ( PDF )
  17. ^ Schacht, Walter, architect. Entry in the address book of the city of Hanover 1934. Verlag August Scherl, Hanover 1934, p. 392. ( PDF )
  18. ^ Walter Schacht: Witnesses and signs of Germanic intellectual outlook in Lower Saxony (with drawings). In: German war victims' supply. Monthly magazine of the National Socialist War Victims Supply eV - special issue Lower Saxony. German War Victims Supply Publishing House, Munich 1935.
  19. ↑ Walter Schacht: Runes as utility and communication script. In: Mannus. German magazine for prehistory. Volumes 32–33 (1941), p. 200 ff. ( Limited preview in the Google book search)
  20. ^ Ines Katenhusen : Art and Politics. Hanover's struggles with modernity in the Weimar Republic. At the same time dissertation at the University of Hanover under the title Understanding for a time is perhaps best gained from her art , in the series Hannoversche Studien, series of publications of the City Archives Hanover, Volume 5, Hanover: Hahn, 1998, ISBN 3-7752-4955- 9 , pp. 296-298 and 368; Preview over google books
  21. ^ Address book of the capital Hanover 1962 , Hanover: Walter Dorn Verlag, 1961, Department 2: Alphabetical part , p. 664
  22. ↑ Illustration in: Nutzgraphik, Vol. 3 (1926), Issue 4
personal data
SURNAME Schacht, Walter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schacht, Walther
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German commercial artist
DATE OF BIRTH July 12, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH after 1953